University of the people

Bachelor of science in health sciences

Module: Biology 1201
Assignment unit 1
Prepare by Musa Marah.
Experiment :Data collection and results.
1. Data Collection Tables

a. Macro Mode

No. Solution pH Nature

1. water 7 Natural

Coca-Cola
2. 2,4 Acidic

Milk of
3 10,4 Basic
Magnesia

4. Bleach 12.6 Basic

5. Lemon juice 2 Acidic

b. Micro Mode

No. Solution pH H3O+ OH-

1*10-7 1*10-
1. water 7
m 7m

Coco 4.2*10 2.4*10-

2. 2.3
cola -3M 11m

Milk
of 3.1*10 3.2*10-
3 10.5
Magnesi -11m 4m
a
 3.9*10 2.6*10
4. Bleach 12
-15m -3m

Lemon 6.3*10 1.6*10

5. 2
juice -2m -15m

c. My Solution Mode

No. pH H3O+ OH-

1. 3 7.1*10-2m 1.4*10-12m

7.1x10-2m is the concentration of hydronium in a solution; find its pH.

• pH = -log(7.1x10-2) = 1.15 is the result of using the formula pH = -log[H3O+].

 All things considered, working in a virtual laboratory offers the chance to study the fundamentals
of pH and its composition in different solutions. The characteristics and pH of a variety of virtual
laboratory goods have been effectively validated and assessed. According to the examination,
Coca-Cola was an extremely salty water with a pH of 2.4, whereas water that was categorized as
neutral had a pH of 7. With a pH of 10.5, milk of magnesia is considered alkaline and is
categorized as an antacid.
 Additionally, the pH scale exhibits a logarithmic characteristic, in which there are seventeen
variations in acidity or alkalinity for every numerical change. • To further comprehend pH and
chemistry, we determine through microanalysis that all solutions include hydronium and hydroxyl
ions. For instance, the significance of the hydronium ion in drinks—which is present in trace
amounts in Milk of Magnesia and Coca-Cola, respectively—is equivalent to their acidic and
alkaline characteristics. I selected a solution that processed well at 2M, containing 7.1x10^-
hydronium. After that, the pH of the solution is measured and found to be 1.15 by using the
proper computations. This finding contributes to our understanding of the correlation between pH
and hydronium ion concentration.
 In general, this online activity gave participants a useful opportunity to learn about pH principles
and associated measuring methods. Additionally, he highlights how crucial precise measurements
and thorough data collection are to scientific study. detailed instructions • This question involves
determining the pH of a solution, which can be calculated using a hydronium ion concentration
kit. The formula to solve this problem is: pH = -log[H3O]; Here [H3O] represents the
concentration of hydronium ions present in the solution.
 Instructions in detail: • Substitute [H3O] for the 7.1x10-2m hydronium concentration found in
step 1. Calculating the negative logarithm of 7.1x10-2 yields the pH value. • Next, we use the log
rule log(ab) = log(a) log(b) to simplify the problem. The logarithm of 10-2 and the negative
logarithm of 7.1 can be used to calculate the pH value. • Utilize the logarithm of 10^-2 to
determine how many digits are in the exponent to the right of 1. Log10^-2 can therefore be
expressed as -2. In light of this, another way to state this formula is pH = -(log7.1 - 2). • Using a
calculator, determine the logarithm of 7.1, which is approximately 0.8514. Subtracting using the
number -2 yields the result -1.1486.
  The final result, depending on the number of pH measurements, will be pH 1.15 whole number.
An example is provided in Section "PH measurement of a solution with a hydronium ion
concentration of 3.6x10^-5m". Using the pH equation pH = -log[H3O], this concentration can be
modified to pH = -log(3.6x10). ~-5]. Definition of the section: (log3.6 log10^-5) is the pH. We
can observe that log10^-5 equals -5 by using the logarithm of 10^-5. from the results pH = -
(log3.6-5). The logarithm of 3.6, calculated on a computer, is roughly 0.5563. After deducting the
value from 5, -5.5563 is obtained.

 References:
Chang (2010) refers to the sixth book, General Chemistry: Basic Concepts. This publication is published
by McGraw-Hill Companies, New York.
S., & Zumdahl, S. A. (2018). Chemistry, 10th place. This training material is published exclusively by
Nielsen Education, Toronto, Ontario.