Tomostow’s workspace ~ Improving Mental health ina workspace through Architecture Late Bhausaheb Hiray $.S. Trust's DR. BALIRAM HIRAY COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE Affiliated to University of Mumbai DISSERTATION ON TOMORROW’S WORKSPACE — IMPROVING MENTAL HEALTH IN A WORKSPACE THROUGH ARCHITECTURE SUBMITTED BY Ms. RIDDHISURVE UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF PROF. SHANTANU KHANDKAR IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF BACHELOR OF ARCHITECTURE (2020-21)“Tomorrow's workspace —Improving Mental health ina workspace through Architecture CERTIFICATE It is certified that the work content in the dissertation title TOMORROW'S WORKSPACE - IMPROVING MENTAL HEALTH IN A WORKSPACE THROUGH ARCHITECTURE b Ms. Riddbi Surve, has been carried out under my supervision and that this work has not been submitted elsewhere for a degree in fulfilment of requirement for Award of Bachelor of Architecture of University of Mumbai PROF. SHANTANU KHANDKAR (Thesis Guide) November 2020 ARS JNIL MAGDUM (Principal) Dr. Baliram Hiray College of Architecture, Mumbai“Tomorrow's workspace —Improving Mental health ina workspace through Architecture DECLARATION 1, Ms. Riddhi Surve a bonafide student of Bachelor of Architecture in Dr.Baliram Hiray College of Architecture, Affiliated to University of Mumbai would like to declare that the dissertation entitled TOMORROW’S WORKSPACE - IMPROVING MENTAL HEALTH IN A WORKSPACE THROUGH ARCHITECTURE submitted by me in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of the DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF ARCHITECTURE is my original work, Wherever I have used materials from other sources, due credit is given to them by citing the sources. This work is free from any plagiarism and I have not misrepresented, fabricated, or falsified any idea/data/fact source in my submission. ‘This work or any part of it, has not been previously submitted by me or any other person for assessment for this or any other course of study. Place: Date. Signature of the candidate Ms. Riddhi Surve“Tomorrow's workspace —Improving Mental health ina workspace through Architecture ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I wish to express my sincere gratitude to my thesis guide, Ar, Shantanu Khandkar sir and Principal I,C. Ar, Sunil Magdum, for providing me all the necessary facilities and guidance for the research, I would also like to thank all the other professors who have guided me at every stage of the dissertation proposal. I would like to thank the officials who have helped me obtain the necessary permissions, information, drawings and guidance whilst doing the Case Studies Lastly, I would like to thank my friends and my parents ~ Ajitkumar Surve and Vidhya Surve for their unconditional support and encouragement through this journey‘Tomorrow's workspace — Improving Mental health ina workspace through Architecture CONTE! 1.0 SYNOPSIS Error! Bookmark not defined. 1.1 INTRODUCTION 1 1.2 AIM. 1 1.3 OBJECTIVES eatacrsncnnaeaasnuntsuatnactscel 1.4 SCOPE 2 1.5 LIMITATIONS oss 2 1.6 METHODOLOGY 2 1.6.1 RESEARCH QUESTIONS. 3 1.7 CONCLUSION, sootmniitnininiinnsnnsnnneaned 2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW eae 4 2.1 The need to enhance the work environment... 4 2.2 The evolution of offices sos 4 b. Open plan office 4 d. Burolandschaft avant 4 e. The Action Office 4 f, The Cubicle Farm. voce 5 2.3 The choice of materials in an oftice s 2.4 Light and Ventilation sorcsarasns 6 2.5 Indirect and direct effects of colours on the brain... 6 REFERENCES rare eaaieonhebe 6 3.0 CASE STUDIES — 3.1 Mercado Libre Office — Buenos Aires 8 3.2 Kientruc Office — Vietnam 12 3.3 — The Edge — Amsterdam Is 3.4 — Googleplex — California 18‘Tomorrow's workspace — Improving Mental health ina workspace through Architecture 4.0 SITE ANALYSIS: 5.0 DESIGN BRIEF 6.0 AREA STATEMENT. 7.0 APPENDICES — Google forms Questionnaires 23 27 28 31Tomorrow's workspace ~ Improving Mental health in a workspace through Architecture 1.0 SYNOPS! 1.1 INTRODUCTION ‘The impact a workplace has on one’s mental health is directly proportional to the time one spends in an office (Christina Bodin Danielsson, June 2010). On an average a wide range of youth and middle-aged people spend around 8 hours of the day in their workplace, carrying a huge amount of workload and stress throughout. The feeling of comfort in the office spaces is necessary to achieve high working efficiency. Studies say that achieving comfort in any office space depends on its psychological aspeets (Suratin, 1998). Some studies proved that working at home might inerease motivation, relieve stress, and increase employee comfort (Suratin, 1998) Influenced by industrial revolution and by the mass production system, initially the workplaces were designed seeking the same efficiency of the industries production line. The layout of offices aimed mainly to facilitate the company’s production system, focusing on improving the quantity produced, and not considering the state of mind and comfort of the working staif (M.A. Elmahadi, 2011), However, opposite to factories that operate essentially based on machines, offices operate based on people. The way a space is designed affects the mood because we see, sense and feel the design. 1.2 AIM a. To design a workplace which helps the user to be more productive, comfortable and rejuvenate with the help of architecture, materials and colours b. To create a comfortable environment in the workspace to enhance the work efficiency and productivity 1.3 OBJECTIVES a. To study the existing workspaces and understand the factors causing stress b. To study the effects of colours on one's mental health ©. To study biophilic design and its impact on the end user d. To research and find methods to provide efficient natural lighting and ventilation systems in the building ©. Tounderstand the segregation of private, semi-private and public spaces within a workspace Understanding how workspace design significantly affects human behaviour g. To thoroughly study the requirements and functioning of a workspaceTomorrow's workspace ~ Improving Mental health in a workspace through Architecture h. To analyse the effect of the current pandemic on tomorrow's workspaces and incorporate them in the design 1.4 SCOPE a. Focusing on creating spaces affecting positive mind set in a workplace b. Focusing on the spatial qualities of the structure, its immediate surroundings, the ‘working environment, and interactions within it ©. Selecting a site considering the office location and amenities dd. Creating zones for thought stimulations ©. Creating the sense of attachment and comfort to the space £ Creating spaces which would increase interaction between two teams 2. Focusing on creating a self-sustaining built environment which would improve mental health and wellbeing of the user h. To create a sense of connection with the outside environment i. To study certain design changes, selecting materials to be used in the space and choosing the right colours for a space which can help reduce the stress and increase the productivity in the space j. Understanding the need for climate responsive architectural solutions in the form of innovative building design technology or alternative practices which take into account their environmental impact as well 1.5 LIMITATIONS ‘The research would rely on the available data regarding psychological and mental effects (materials, volumes, colours ete.) on an individual. b. The research is limited to an architectural seale where the indoor and outdoor spaces are studied c. The funding and costing of the project is not dealt with d._ Relying on the data available for the study. ©. Data obtained is confined to the available internet case studies and research material as physical field survey is not possible in the current situation. 1.6 METHODOLOGY a. History of workspaces - Understanding the evolution of workstations into offices and further into commercial hubs b._ Literature study of workspace stress - Understanding the current need and importance of the projectTomorrow's workspace ~ Improving Mental health in a workspace through Architecture ©. Online interviews and surveys - Questionnaires with office going people regarding office working layouts and methods to improve comfort, 4d. Internet case study analysis of the effect of materials and colours on human brain - To understand the designing aspects and areas that have to be taken into consideration while designing such structures, Debates and professional analysis on workspaces, £ Referring books, pdfs, and standards - To understand general standards, rules and regulations for the designing of office buildings and hubs 1.6.1 RESEARCH QUESTIONS. 1. How cana space increase interaction between two teams? How to make a sense of attachment with the workspace’ How do flexible workstations work? How to implement biophilic materials? How biophilic elements affect the employees? What are the basic requirements of an office space? How is the circulation within an office space? ‘What does volume of a space affect the mind? Can textures and volumes create positive or negative thoughts? 10, How to provide efficient natural lighting, ventilation, passive cooling? 11, How to segregate open and closed spaces? 12. How do colours affect the working areas? 13. Which zone should have which colour scheme? 14, How to use colours according to different zones? CONCLUSION Architecture and environment play a noticeable role in reducing the stress and increasing the productivity in a workplace. Most workers come to work for a certain time and go home wanting to be disconnected from work. This cycle affects the state of mind of an individual (Clements-Croome, May 2015), Hence it is necessary to consider and try to improve the mental health of an individual in an office The project will address the topic of how mental health can be improved in a work environment and ask the question of “what is a workplace” and how can it connect to human health, behaviour, social life and happiness. The current pandemic will also affect the layout and design of tomorrow's workplaces, All the mentioned factors are to be considered in the design.Tomorrow's workspace — Improving Mental health in a workspace through Architecture 2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 The need to enhance the work environment Urban sociologist Ray Oldenburg calls one's "first place” the home and those that one lives with. The "second place" is the workplace - where people may spend most of their time. Third places are "anchors" of community life and fs litate and foster broader, more creative interaction. In other words, "your third place is where you relax in public, where you encounter familiar faces and make new acquaintances.”(Oldenburg, 1989), The need for these three separate “places” defines how human environments are unknowingly designed. Although due to the schedule an office going person follows, the time spent in the “third place” is drastically reducing Hence the need of combining the “second place” and the “third place” arises. Mental concentration is vital for good work performance. Absolute alertness and attention are essential if one is to concentrate (Clements-Croome, May 2015). There is still a large amount of offices which use the traditional cubical and the generic open office plan which lacks to provide the necessary privacy within an office (Christina Bodin Danielsson, June 2010). Whereas design with more informal spaces, social interaction activity areas, that help create an office promote creativity, collaboration, sharing of knowledge, team building and relaxation, 2.2 The evolution of offices The first offices originated in a jent Rome as spaces where official work was conducted, and that similar spaces existed in some form throughout the ages. However, it was not until the 18" century that dedicated office buildings began to be created. a. Open plan office - The earliest modem offices were remarkable for their scientific approach and emphasised efficiency and the adoption of a rigid, regimented office layout that resulted in workers sat at endless rows of desks with managers located in encircling offices where they could observe b. Evolution of open plan office - As skyscrapers and other large commercial buildings were developed, the workplace altered to become a spacious space where there was a mix of private offices and open plan workstations, complete with typewriters, and in some cases a dedicated staff kitchen or canteen. c. Burolandschaft - More socially democratic layout which consequently encouraged a great degree of human interaction and engagement, An originally German concept, which translates to ‘office landscape’, and after becoming popular in northern Europe, began to spread around the world d_ The Action Office - Included a variety of alternate work settings for staff, increased freedom of movement and a greater degree of privacy when working. The influence on 4Tomorrow's workspace — Improving Mental health in a workspace through Architecture office design was twofold with increased space required for rows of modular furniture that provided staff with privacy and flexibility to work in a position suitable for the task at hand. While there was an increased emphasis placed on meeting rooms, an individual"s workstation became larger and more enclosed, and though it did provide plenty of space to work, it did lead to less interaction as staff became less visible to each other. The inthux of female workers into what was traditionally a male dominated workplace in the 1960's also led to subtle changes in how the workplace was designed. The office now required a greater level of privacy, and many female workers now demanded a “modesty board’, which was simply a plywood section that covered the front ofa desk, and critically their legs. In fact, the Observer ran an article entitled ‘Would you let your daughter work in an open plan office?” as lately as 1968 e. The Cubicle Farm - The availability of cheap, but effective modular walls alongside an increased focus on profitability at the expense of working conditions are seen as the key factors behind the complete shift in office design, suffered throughout the 1980s, (The History of Office Design, nd) 2.3 The choice of materials in an office Materials create abond between users and the building. Using naturally available materials in a workspace creates a sense of attachment and comfort which in turn reduces stress and induce productivity (Hidalgo, October 2014). Green materials tend to contain less harmful chemicals than standard materials, making office air purer and healthier for the body (Usman Aminu Umar, 2012), Eco-friendly and sustainable materials create the sense of openness and attachment with the space. The Biophilic design hypothesis posits that there is an instinetive relationship between humans and a natural ecosystem, a natural attachment to nature (Usman Aminu Umar, 2012), The concept aims to make use of natural elements in architectural and environmental design. ‘The “biophilia effect” describes any several positive impacts experienced when this liking is evoked through a sensory experience of nature: sight, sound, smell, or feel (Usman Aminu Umar. 2012). Exposure to nature or its elements can cause several beneficial effects, including but not limited to better learning rates, lower blood pressure, reduced stress, and faster healing (Hidalgo, October 2014). With architecture, the biophilia effect spans a broad range of elements that include positive personal responses to daylighting, views of nature, use of patterns, and use of natural materials (Usman Aminu Umar, 2012)Tomorrow's workspace — Improving Mental health in a workspace through Architecture 2.4 Light and Ventilation Occupants in day lit and full-spectrum office buildings reported an increase in general well-being (BELAKEHAL, 2017). Absence or excess of light in an office causes stress due to eyestrain or glare, respectively, Many inconveniences can be caused by inappropriate lighting, as it is both psychological and physiological inducer and therefore each space needs to be provided with suitable lighting that matches its function (Torcellini, July 2002) Eyestrain is related to the spectrum of light present in a workspace and the ability of the eye to refocus, The proper integration and management of daylighting in an office building provides the best spectrum of light for the eye, When the eye is not allowed to refocus to different distances over long periods of time, the dilating muscles are conditioned to a limited range of perspective, promoting near or far sightedness. Eyestrain is diminished with landscape views through windows because the combination of short- and long-range views allows the eye to refocus (Torcellini, July 2002), To reduce the strain and stress in the workplace adequate lighting, needs to be taken care of. 2.5 Indirect and direct effects of colours on the brain Colours unknowingly play a particularly important role in our day to day life (NISREEN HUSAINA, July 2018). We think about colours while getting dressed for work or follow the standard coloured traffic lights while travelling Our memories are filled with colour, and we recognize some of the biggest brands through colour. Each space feels differently, colours help control the effect of the space, positively as well as negatively. Colours ean improve one’s experience in a space, positively affecting concentration, stress levels, and mood (NISREEN HUSAINA, July 2018). However, only a coat of paint will not achieve these objectives by itself, itis the combination of colour, lighting, and other architectural features that can make a space more comfortable and stress-free According to colour therapist, every organ system has its own vibration energy, and diseases can occur when this energy is lessened. By applying the same vibration energy, the disease can be cured. The principle colours used as “Vibration energy” are mainly Blue, Yellow and Red (NISREEN HUSAINA, July 2018), REFERENCES BELAKEHAL, A. T. (2017). Natural versus artificial lighting use in an office building under clear sunny skies. In Proceedings of the 33rd passive low energy architecture international conference (PLEA 2017): design to thrive‘Tomorrow's workspace — Improving Mental health ina workspace through Architecture Christina Bodin Danielsson, L. B. (June 2010). Office Design’s Influence on Employees’ Stress Levels, International Conference on Architectural Research. Washington DC, USA: ARCCIEAAE, Clements-Croome, D. J. (May 2015). Creative and productive workplaces: a review. Jmelligent Buildings International , (4) 1-20, Hidalgo, A. K. (October 2014). Biophilic Design, Restorative Environments and Well-Being Colors of Care: The 9h Imernational Conference on Design & Emotion. Bogota - Colombia, M.A. Elmahadi, M. M, (2011), Effective Office Environment Architecture: Finding Ingenious Ideas in a Home to Stimulate the Office. The 2nd International Building Control Conference (pp. 380 — 388), Procedia Engineering 20 NISREEN HUSAINA, D. K. (July 2018). HEALING AND THERAPY WITH COLORS. Indian Journal of Scientific Research, 09 (1): 31-32. Oldenburg, R. (1989), The Great Good Place. New York: Da Capo Press, Suratin, S. &. (1998). Industrial Management & Data Systems. The new generation office environment: the home office. The History of Office Design. (n.d.). Retrieved from hitps:/k2space.co,uk/knowledge/history-of- office-design/ Torcellini, L. E. (uly 2002). A Literature Review of the Effects of Natural Light on Building Occupants, National Renewable Energy Laboratory Usman Aminu Umar, M. F. (2012). SUSTAINABLE BUILDING MATERIAL FOR GREEN BUILDING CONSTRUCTION, CONSERVATION AND REFURBISHING Management in Construction Research Association (MiCRA).‘Tomorrow's workspace — Improving Mental health ina workspace through Architecture 3.0 CASE STUDIES — 3.1 Mercado Libre Office — Buenos Aires How can a space increase interaction between two teams? How to make a sense of attachment with the workspace? CASE STUDY: MERCADO LIBRE OFFICE - BUENOS AIRES ‘The design challenge was to create flexible working areas that would boost and inspire the talent and creativity within the company. ‘The project reclaims and reformulates the concept of "stairs as a social space” through a system of ‘connections (links) that communicate cach floor in a democratic and dynamic style, by replacing the traditional staircase. U OBSERVATION: = Location: Argentina + Altogether it has 21.570 sqm of office © Area: 21570 m? space distributed in nine floors covering (flrs) 4500 sqm each, = Year: 2019 There are two links in each floor. These spaces create several connection points between each level. Esti view fe sai Sore Aroha Concept of connasing the Hors Sowee:Arehd‘Tomorrow's workspace — Improving Mental health ina workspace through Architecture * Fifth Floor Plan ‘Instead of placing a traditional and static method of circulation, this new system forms a non- lineal movement, since there are wo links in each floor, one can walk around the nine office floors through a different path each time,‘Tomorrow's workspace — Improving Mental health ina workspace through Architecture nerioranpiteawe The core of the project resides on the 6th floor where the stairs evolve into terraces that turn into a grand amphitheater. ‘+ This space houses the main public area and the reception. * Seventh Floor Plan 1 Staircase is the core element of a structure. The staircase is rethought as an interactive ‘space in the structure. 2, Making a void centrally through the structure would not cover the entire floor area for interaction between all the staff. 3. Hence the stairs are divided into two spaces, connecting one floor at atime. Each floor has ‘wo stairs space, one ean walk around the floors using different path each time 10‘Tomorrow's workspace — Improving Mental health ina workspace through Architecture * Inespective of the internal connecting stairs, the structure has separate fire staircase running through all the floors. = ‘The other central concept introduced in the project was the use of vegetation in strategic points. = Vertical divisions made of green walls and virtually enclosed spots allow certain areas of the plan to become more private and quieter for spontaneous meetings. The interior design material palette aims to generate a comfortable and warm workplace, using elements like wood, vegetation and art. = The office is certified as LEED Platinum building, incorporating the main concepts of ‘wellness design in the office. = The key element in the design is the rapid connection between floors and the responsible use of energy. O CONCLUSION: How can a space increase interaction between two teams? * Instead of separating the floors completely from each other, the office should be understood, as @ one-unit, co-working space. How to make a sense of attachment with the workspace? = Each floor or each space should be considered as an area to induce positivity and well-being within the staff, along with the efficient function of the space. * Any functioning space should stimulate a positive affect, instead of a room being just a room. "‘Tomorrow's workspace — Improving Mental health ina workspace through Architecture 3.2—Kientrue Office — Vietnam How Co provide efficient natural lighting, ventilation, passive cooling in an office? ‘Which form or orientation ofa building is adequate for maximum natural ventilation and daylight intake? How does vegetation improve the building environment? How important is thermal comfort in a workspace? "ASE STUDY: KIENTRU NAM © The building employs three criteria in passive cooling methods to cope with tropical weather in Vietnam: heat preventing, heat modulation and heat dissipation. = The office design is focused on protecting the indoor micro-climate from sunlight and ‘choosing building orientation, * Vegetation helps to reduce the impact of the sun on the exterior fabric. O OBSERVATIONS: * Location: Viewam * Architects: Kientruc 0 = Area: 221 m? * Year: 2019 ‘+ Heat preventing - Slowing heat transfer from the extemal climate through the building envelope, * Heat modulation and dissipation - Mod and heat dissipation techniques allow the building to store and dissipate heat gain through the transfer of heat from heat sinks to the climate. This technique can be the result of thermal mass or natural cooling erpective sexton | Ine fhe snctre 12‘Tomorrow's workspace — Improving Mental health ina workspace through Architecture * The ventilation strategy for the office is a counter approach to the common scheme found in modem tropical buildings. is entirely naturally ventilated. * Both traditional and mechanical methods are used to quickly release the indoor heat and maximize air circulation. * Controlling entrance of wind and solar access contributes to creating a comfortable indoor environment. * ‘The long and thin floor plan introduces multiple buffer zones shaded by a suitable wall and veranda ratio, * Air flows freely through the openings on walls and roof to facilitate a natural form of comfort * The autoclaved acrated concrete (AAC) block has low thermal conductivity and is nonabsorbent in ‘nature, which is very suitable for both interior and exterior use and contributes significantly to heat modulation * The walls function as the unbound partition follow the binary principle of Open and Close, split the office into smaller spaces, and allow movement (0 flow freely across the floor. ccemate cndite aang Orton Windcontet Woes comet “ 1} @ cron vr mess lOsewrmarcn Os orvee Sour rd : red roof system helps arto venilave while protecting the main workspace 4 from being overheated & ¢ So eka‘Tomorrow's workspace — Improving Mental health in a workspace through Architecture UO ANALYSIS: = The use of heat preventing, heat modulation and dispassion techniques achieve maintain the thermal comfort of the building. However the techniques used here cannot be implemented directly toa multistory structure, ‘© The office design is focused on protecting the indoor micro-climate from sunlight. * Multi-layered roof system helps air to ventilate while protecting the main workspace from being overheated * Vegetation helps to reduce the impact of the sun only on the exterior fabric in the study: 14‘Tomorrow's workspace — Improving Mental health ina workspace through Architecture 3.3— The Edge— Amsterdam How is the circulation within an office space? What does volume of a space affect the mind? How to provide efficient natural lighting, ventilation, passive cooling? ‘How to segregate open and closed spaces? CASE STUD) THE, GE, AMSTERDAM ‘The Edge, is currently considered the greenest building in the world, according to the BREEAM (Building Research Establishment Environmental Assessment Method) green building certification scheme, + The building has been given the highest sustainability score ever awarded: 98.4%. U OBSERVATIONS: Location: Amsterdam Architects: PLP Architects Area: 40000 m* ‘Year; 2015 Sone Archi ZANN | * The building is orientated and shaped in such a way that the power of the sun is optimally utilized. + ‘The glass facade ensures that daylight can be benefited from as long as possible, without the heat of the sun influencing the temperature inside ‘+ The south side of the building is equipped with superefficient solar panels, which keep the heat out and the radiation absorbed when at its strongest The result is more than enough energy for the heating/cooling installation, all laptops and siattphones in the building and all the electric powered vehicles, used by employees * ‘The building is considered a met zero-energy building because it can generate all the energy that uses, FUNCTION OF THE ATRIUM: * The atrium is the lung of the building, ventilating the office space while providing a buffer .with the exterior in a way which reduces eneray use in both summer and winter. * Asiwell as its energy-neutral temperature control, enersy efficient design and green enenty- generating technology, the building captures rainwater and stores it underground for use flushing toilets and watering plants in the interior and exterior gardens. 15‘Tomorrow's workspace — Improving Mental health ina workspace through Architecture More than just a grand statement, the atrium became an integral part of how the building reimagined the workplace * Designers infused this massive space with vertical layers of activity and transformed it into an essential spatial component, the social nucleus of the building The bright, expansive space forms an architectural response to highly specific occupier demands on the building. The building offers numerous different types of working, meeting, and breakout environments, and sets a new benchmark for the built environment by prioritizing the comfort, heath and productivity ofits users Aim acting Brake meting specs Seer EXTERNAL FACADE FEATURES * The east and west-facing facades are composed of 45% glass balanced by $5% concrete, which provides thermal mass ‘The south facing facade is 40% glass but the concrete on this ele clad with photovoltaic panels The North facades are highly transparent but use a thicker glass to dampen noise from the motorway. The intemal walls are designed to be soundproof as wel. jon has been SouthWest Glse Facade Aluminum-Paneled Spandrele 16‘Tomorrow's workspace — Improving Mental health ina workspace through Architecture SUSTAINABLE MATERIALS ‘95% of the materials used have a responsible and demonstrable origin, ‘+ All wood in The Edge is FSC(Forest Stewardship Council)-certified. ‘Optimized natural and mechanical ventilation * The atrium acts as a buffer between the workspace and the external environment. ‘= Excess ventilation air from the offices is used again to coo! the atrium space. * The air is then ventilated back out through the top of the atrium where it passes through a heat exchanger to make use of any warmth N dt * This building section shows the invasion of natural light is introduced through the North direction ‘whereas the South facing facade consists mostly of Concrete, glass and photovoltaic panels, O ANALYSIS: * People have the flexibility to work anywhere in the building; and with the help of a dedicated mobile app, people can find each other, look for a quiet empty desk and adjust the temperature and. lights levels to their preferences. * The technology is also designed to manage energy use by making users aware of how much energy they use, wherever they work in the building, * ‘The arrangement of large floor plates organized around a grand 15-storey north-facing atrium allows natural daylight to reach most of the office spaces, while the load-bearing structure and sinaller glazed openings of the south facing facades provide thermal mass and shade. = The building eaptures rainwater and stores it underground for use flushing wilets and watering plans in the interior and exterior gardens. 47‘Tomorrow's workspace — Improving Mental health in a workspace through Architecture 3.4— Googleplex — California How can a space ineré How to attain connectivity between several commercial build How does a commercial hub/complex work? ‘What is the role of a public plaza/street? How is the circulation within an office space? How to segregate open and closed spaces? e STUD! LI * Creating an environment that would encourage and other fields of designers to communicate and interact. ‘+ ‘The program and interior were designed as “neighbourhoods” at an urban scale with clear visual and experimental identities. ‘Instead of a common complex approach, the architect pushed for a more “extension of university life”. COASERVATIONS: © The aim was to connect the 4 bi - Vanaeaa ica into 1 community. * The architects looked for opportunities in the existing landseaping, hardseape, connectivity of the campus, division of ‘outdoor activities (3 unique environments) and any insidefoutside ‘connections. ‘When studied each of the existing four buildings, and their relationship to each ‘other, and the campus in general constraints as well as opportunities were concluded. * Location: California * Year: 2005 * Clive Wilkinson Architects Sonn: lee 42 fat 18‘Tomorrow's workspace — Improving Mental health ina workspace through Architecture ©) Constraints me a, + 0, B® ot -" . (yay STRUCTURAL CONSTRAINTS, FIRE COMPARTMENTATION OVERSIZED HEIGHT ZONES Sone Gog Pac fe [2 Opportunities a bo, @ qe PRIMARY CIRCULATION ENCLOSED MEETING SPACES a e w= 0 . e - a as eo ’ of @ia NETWORK LEARNING WORKLIFE BALANCE Some: Googe fe 19‘Tomorrow's workspace — Improving Mental health ina workspace through Architecture Oo Boteig és Caius, noo a . ienencnes Lamnecnare + The design process started with "Circulation route “Main unified master plan for the Street” lined with shared- entire campus which ‘use building blocks. incorporated the language of a good street can be more campus: outdoor sports activities, food, a commons, and a park. important than buildings. Googters share cubes. yurts, and huddle rooms and very few solo offices, laptops everywhere. + This allows for flexibility in special collaboration,‘Tomorrow's workspace — Improving Mental health ina workspace through Architecture Somes: GonglePecfe * ‘The architect analysed the way employees used the space and characterizing them from hot to cold within thirteen zones based on level of social interaction. ‘Then each floor was divided into “sub neighbourhoods” identified by “landmarks” iy See” Mal aS Sat + fmas* Coe ceatinte fme Sai ha teas 21‘Tomorrow's workspace — Improving Mental health ina workspace through Architecture O ANALYSIS: * The resultant building plan follows a simple distribution of work ‘neighborhoods’ along a ‘Main Street’ cireutation plan. ‘= All shared resources are located along this street, and range from meeting rooms, to tech talk spaces, to micro-kitchens and library lounges. * Inaddition, “tech-talk” and formal lecture areas are provided where discussions oceur in an organized fashion, but there are also common white boards and glass walls located along “main street” for the impromptu discussions of the day. * Openings are made through the high ceiling areas through the second floor to connect the spaces, which connected the community. = The division of the 13 zones and placing them around the main street induces interaction between all the buildings within the campus.4.0 SITE ANALYSIS: Tomorrow's workspace — Improving Mental health in a workspace through Architecture LOCATION: Oshiwara District Centre, Mumbai SITE AREA: 19,5 acres CLIMATE: Tropical, wet and dry (moderately hot with high level of humidity) A distriet for serving the needs of Western Suburbs was proposed at Oshiware, on the Western Railway between Jogeshwari and Goregaon Railway Station. The District Center has been planned on 102 ha. site for which Mumbai Metropolitan Region Development Authority (MMRDA) is a Special Planning Authority. ‘The Planning Proposals for Oshiware District Cenire have been approved by Government on 16th January, 1992, Office districts have gradually moved northwards to be iielacoite (ar ral eae reed eee eer Ce ed ett Ce ees ee od ‘eco ee eee eed eet ey See ee ees ed ea hoa Cee St eee es ented On eee eee ee eee) ea ees por et ) in Western Suburbs 23‘Tomorrow's workspace — Improving Mental health ina workspace through Architecture LoaTION ADVANTAGE INFRASTRUCTURE uecomans J, Close proximity to Chhatrapati Shivaji J) Mrinalal Gore Flyover (=) } lester Coonecnc Arpt beuns, (2B) Minato (F) Met ow 7 7 etn) - @ meccteretaymccvearne (B) ative (@) wire Pheer sn De * (B®) snenension oe OSHIWARA DISTRICT CENTRE — TAKES CENTRE STAGE: 1 ofc icthare neve rte bn sta clusters + Plane nace for oral ecomomy + Landes ngn worn cpt Google cath nage Site Area Source: DP Remarks 24‘Tomorrow's workspace — Improving Mental health ina workspace through Architecture = Higns = Lous Wee Jan Feb Mar Apr Daytight nos 12 125 = Hous Jan Feb Mar Apr Rainfall (millimetres} 09 04 41 57 dan Feb Mar Apr a en er er) May Jun ui Aug Sep-Oct. Nov’ | Dee Sear NOLL a8 8 3 8 l | [ f lili May Jun Jul Aug Sep-Oct. Nov Dec ‘Source NOAA 4866 4828 234 784 ze me ot) ita May Jun ul A) ‘Sep 2 8 Seance: NOMA 25‘Tomorrow's workspace — Improving Mental health ina workspace through Architecture "= The factors affecting thermal comfort can be categorized into three sets: Table 2-A Factors affecting comfort (Source: Szokolay, 2008) Environmental Personal Air temperature Metabolic rate (activity) State of health ‘Acclimatization * Air Temperature: Air temperature is the most important factor as it determines convective heat dissipation. = Heat will be carried away by the air, ifthe temperature of the air is lower than that of the skin. = Air Movement: Air movement contributes to the physiological cooling effect as it accelerates convection. Use open plan interiors to promote natural cross ventilation or use louvered doors, or instead use jump ducts if privacy is required {In tall spaces, warm air tends to rise and accumulate near the ceiling due to the same principle of buoyancy This is called stratification which is a result of convection, Heat Moisture Walls Root Window Losses ‘Minimise conduction | Use insulation with Tow | Use Tasulstion with Tow | Use marerial with Tow lostes Usale U-value Usvalue “Minimise convection | Reduce air Teakage & [Reduce wir leakage & [Use prohabrcwied Jones && Moisture | use vapor barier se vapor barrie window and seal. the penetration joints between windows and walls ‘Minimise Radiation | Use Tight coloured | Use ight coloured | Use glazing with Tow Losses coating with high | coating with high | SHGC reflectance reflectance ‘Fig 2: ECBC Compliant Design Stategy for Building owe: Eno Cnsration Bung Cale Cer Gide BEE;‘Tomorrow's workspace — Improving Mental health ina workspace through Architecture 5.0 DESIGN BRIEF a. Master Planning Level: + Pedestrian plaza - A good pedestrian plaza breathes new life into an area, and can serve asa gathering place for both civic and social matters + A central plaza or square serves a critical role in an urban area's overall vibe. + Hardscape/Landscape + Seating + Trees and Plants * Lighting + Plaza/Street Paving Materials + Relationship with the buildings + Promote Walk to Work culture - The concept of new urbanism and walk-to-work is gaining momentum in major cities. The concept of new urbanism inspires developments, such as housing, workplace, and shopping in the vicinity of each other, and walkable streets and blocks and reachable public spaces play a vital part in such developments + Breathing spaces and Breakout zones between the commertial zone + Reducing stress while reaching the workspace za. Individual Building Level: *Connectivity between indoor - outdoor spaces Ea. Design Level: -Biomorphic forms and Patterns - Biomorphic is one of the themes in the architectural approach that has a principle concern for the environment (nature), in which this approach was born from the idea of the importance of nature and oriented to the environment, including climate. “The shape, material, structure and mechanisms in the universe, can be used as the basic idea formed in the design of architecture through a process of collaboration between humans and nature itself Effect of the volume of space “Difference between natural and mechanical venti 2Tomorrow's workspace — Improving Mental health in a workspace through Architecture 6.0 AREA STATEMENT sr. ASSIGNED AREA CAPACITY no. (pax) A. CORPORATE OFFICES 1. Small corporate 50 2. Medium corporate B 3. Large corporate 85 AREA NO. | NOTES (SQ.M) 500 4 750 04 1200 04 B. SHARED CO-WORKING OFFICE (WORK CLUSTER) 1, Smaller module 2, Medium module 5.10 workstations 3. Large module 10+ workstations 4, Toilet block C, DINING FACILITIES 1, Restaurant 200 2. Food Court 100 Central Kitchen Catering Prep/Staging Area Receiving/Unloading Area Cold, Dry storage Garbage Room/Area Kitchen Staff Toilet block eI Awe D. COMMON AMENITIES 1. Meeting and conference rooms a. Large conference rooms/ Presentation rooms b. Small meeting rooms ©. Brainstorming rooms d_ Videoconterencing rooms 2. Wellness room 1-3 workstations 3000 3000 3000 1000 02 500 02 200 02 200 02 28E Sea ae 10. 12 FR Tomorrow's workspace ~ Improving Mental health in a workspace through Architecture Webinar and recording room Fitness area Locker room and showers Indoor games room Semi-open breakout spaces Toilet block Seminar hall Day-care Auditorium ADMIN AREA Entrance foyer Waiting area Estate manager Accounts, clerk's office Storeroom ‘Small conference room Server room Staffresting area CCTV room Pantry Staff toilevchanging rooms BMS room MAINTENANCE AND OPERATION Security cabins Security office Landscape & Grounds Maintenance Equipment Staff Lunchroom, Staff Lockers AHU rooms 100 400 150 300 200 200 250 30 oO oO ol oO oO oO o1 oO oO oO oO 29G H. L % Tomorrow's workspace — Improving Mental health in a workspace through Architecture UNASSIGNED AREAS Lobbies Partitions, Staircases, Lifts, Elevators, Shafis ete Mechanical/Electrical/ Plumbing (Services room) MEDICAL ROOM ATM. PARKING 30‘Tomorrow's workspace — Improving Mental health ina workspace through Architecture 7.0 APPENDICES — Google forms Questionnaires Do you think an office space if well designed and functioning can improve mental health ofall the working staff? ‘Bresponses Do you think an office space if well designed and functioning can increase production? ‘responses Do you feel the need of connection with the outside environment while working? © ves en © Mayve frvonment ny fi (© ponte cennecton wit reanary is Do you feel the need of a flexible workstation? (can sit anywhere without a fixed desk) ‘3responses © eye (© My oto has tonble workstations (© Person can atin enety worn 31‘Tomorrow's workspace — Improving Mental health in a workspace through Architecture Do you fee the need of separate zones for thought stimuationmeditation think in our office? tie (© once ra eae mason see Does planning and architecture of your office cause you stress in any way? Please mention the (0 et er on ce kre Do you think the design af your workplace afects your benaviorimac? Do yeu think informal interactions between twa teams or staff (boss, working staf janitoripeon ete) should be encouraged? eve en Stine Octave (© On ang esti wil the presence of indoor plants in your ofice make you comfortable? 8‘Tomorrow's workspace — Improving Mental health in a workspace through Architecture 33