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1- Thing I still have a question about:

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AGRICULTURAL REVOLUTIONS
 1ST AGRICULTURAL REVOLUTION
Started around 14,000 years ago.

Allowed for permanent settlements in areas with the

necessary resources (i.e. fresh water, climate, fertile soil, etc)
The earliest planned cultivation revolved around root crops –
crops that are reproduced by tilling* the roots.
Subsistence Farming methods were used.

Shifting cultivation – cultivating land temporarily until the

soil loses fertility and then abandoning the land to allow
natural vegetation to grow.
⚫ Slash-and-burn agriculture
 2ND AGRICULTURAL REVOLUTION
Coincided with the Industrial Revolution (late 1700s- early
1900s)
Shifts agriculture from subsistence to commercial farming
Advancements in technology (tractors, combines, etc) allow
farmers to produce surpluses of food that can feed
thousands of people
This leads to an increase in trade amongst different nations
– also enhanced by the industrial revolution (trains,
locomotives, etc)
Seeds were planted in rows, preventing less seeds from
going to waste
Advancements in breeding livestock
 3 RD
AGRICULTURAL REVOLUTION
Also known as the “Green Revolution” (1970s-1980s)
More advancements in technology allow for food to be
genetically modified
GMOs (genetically modified organisms) – cross-breeding
crops and animals in order to create bigger, more useful
yields
This was done in an effort to solve the world hunger problem
⚫ What do we know about the world’s population in the second half of
the 20th century?
⚫ Has it worked?
Case Study – India’s Green Revolution
Effects of GMOs?
⚫ Push for organic farms
 What are GMOs?

⚫ GMOs, or “genetically modified organisms,” are plants or

animals created through the gene splicing techniques of
biotechnology (also called genetic engineering, or GE). This
experimental technology merges DNA from different species,
creating unstable combinations of plant, animal, bacterial and
viral genes that cannot occur in nature or in traditional
crossbreeding.