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1 A bullet of mass 2.0 g is fired horizontally into a block of wood of mass 600 g.
AS Level review exercise
The block is suspended from strings so that it is free to move in a vertical plane.
The bullet buries itself in the block. The block and bullet rise together through a
vertical distance of 8.6 cm, as shown in Figure 1.
bullet
8.6 cm
wood block
▲ Figure 1
a i Calculate the change in gravitational potential energy of the block and bullet.
[2]
ii Show that the initial speed of the block and the bullet, after they began to
move off together, was 1.3 m s –1. [1]
b Using the information in aii and the principle of conservation of momentum,
determine the speed of the bullet before the impact with the block. [2]
c i Calculate the kinetic energy of the bullet just before impact. [2]
ii State and explain what can be deduced from your answers to ci and ai about
the type of collision between the bullet and the block. [2]
[Total: 9]
Cambridge International AS and A Level Physics (9702) Paper 02 Q3 May/June 2005
P Q
▲ Figure 2
a Deduce that the potential difference V across the resistor of resistance P is given
P
by the expression V = P + Q E. [2]
216
connected in parallel with the 2000 Ω resistor and a thermistor is connected in
parallel with the 5000 Ω resistor, as shown in Figure 3. The battery has e.m.f.
6.0 V. The voltmeter has infinite resistance.
6.0 V
▲ Figure 3
i State and explain qualitatively the change in the reading of the voltmeter
as the temperature of the thermistor is raised. [3]
ii The voltmeter reads 3.6 V when the temperature of the thermistor is 19°C.
Calculate the resistance of the thermistor at 19°C. [4]
[Total: 9]
Cambridge International AS and A Level Physics (9702) Paper 02 Q7 Oct/Nov 2008
3 A spring is placed on a flat surface and different weights are placed on it, as shown in
Figure 4.
weights
spring
▲ Figure 4
The variation with weight of the compression of the spring is shown in Figure 5.
4
compression/cm
0
10 20 30 40
weight/N
▲ Figure 5
The elastic limit of the spring has not been exceeded.
a i Determine the spring constant k of the spring. [2]
ii Deduce that the strain energy stored in the spring is 0.49 J for a compression
of 3.5 cm. [2]
b Two trolleys of masses 800 g and 2400 g are free to move on a horizontal table.
The spring in a is placed between the trolleys and the trolleys are tied together
using thread so that the compression of the spring is 3.5 cm, as shown in
217
trolleys move apart.
thread
trolley trolley
mass 800 g mass 2400 g
spring
AS Level review exercise
▲ Figure 6
i Deduce that the ratio
speed of trolley of mass 800 g
speed of trolley of mass 2400 g
is equal to 3.0. [2]
ii Use the answers in a ii and b i to calculate the speed of the trolley
of mass 800 g. [3]
[Total: 9]
Cambridge International AS and A Level Physics (9702) Paper 02 Q2 May/June 2008
4 A shopping trolley and its contents have a total mass of 42 kg. The trolley is being
pushed along a horizontal surface at a speed of 1.2 m s –1. When the trolley is
released, it travels a distance of 1.9 m before coming to rest.
a Assuming that the total force opposing the motion of the trolley is constant:
i calculate the deceleration of the trolley, [2]
ii show that the total force opposing the motion of the trolley is 16 N. [1]
b Using the answer to a ii, calculate the power required to overcome the total
force opposing the motion of the trolley at a speed of 1.2 m s –1. [2]
c The trolley now moves down a straight slope that is inclined at an angle of
2.8° to the horizontal, as shown in Figure 7.
2.8°
▲ Figure 7
The constant force that opposes the motion of the trolley is 16 N. Calculate, for
the trolley moving down the slope:
i the component down the slope of the trolley’s weight, [2]
ii the time for the trolley to travel from rest a distance of 3.5 m along the
length of the slope. [4]
d Use you answer to c ii to explain why, for safety reasons, the slope is not made
any steeper. [1]
[Total: 12]
Cambridge International AS and A Level Physics (9702) Paper 02 Q3 May/June 2008
218
15.0 m s–1
wall
S 60.0° F
6.15 m
9.95 m
▲ Figure 9 (not to scale)
a For the ball at S, calculate:
i its horizontal component of velocity, [1]
ii its vertical component of velocity. [1]
b The horizontal distance from S to the wall is 9.95 m. The ball hits the wall at
P with a velocity that is at right angles to the wall. The ball rebounds to a point
F that is 6.15 m from the wall.
Using your answers to a:
i calculate the vertical height gained by the ball when it travels from S to P, [1]
ii show that the time taken for the ball to travel from S to P is 1.33 s, [1]
iii show that the velocity of the ball immediately after rebounding from the
wall is about 4.6 m s –1. [1]
219
i Calculate the change in momentum of the ball as it rebounds from the wall. [2]
ii State and explain whether the collision is elastic or inelastic. [1]
[Total: 8]
Cambridge International AS and A Level Physics (9702) Paper 21 Q3 Oct/Nov 2011
7 The variation with time t of the displacement y of a wave X, as it passes a point P, is
shown in Figure 10. The intensity of wave X is I.
4.0
y/cm
AS Level review exercise
3.0
wave X
2.0
1.0
0
1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0
–1.0 t/m s
–2.0
–3.0
–4.0
▲ Figure 10
a Use Figure 10 to determine the frequency of wave X. [2]
b A second wave Z with the same frequency as wave X also passes point P. Wave Z
has intensity 2I. The phase difference between the two waves is 90°. On a copy
of Figure 10, sketch the variation with time t of the displacement y of wave Z.
Show your working. [3]
c A double-slit interference experiment is used to determine the wavelength of light
emitted from a laser, as shown in Figure 11.
D
double screen
slit
▲ Figure 11 (not to scale)
The separation of the slits is 0.45 mm. The fringes are viewed on a screen at a
distance D from the double slit. The fringe width x is measured for different
distances D. The variation with D of x is shown in Figure 12.
5.0
x/mm
4.0
3.0
2.0
1.0
0
1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5
D/m
▲ Figure 12
220
of the laser light. [4]
ii The separation of the slits is increased. State and explain the effects, if any, on
the graph of Figure 12. [2]
[Total: 11]
Cambridge International AS and A Level Physics (9702) Paper 21 Q5 May/June 2016
metal ball 8 A metal ball of mass 40 g falls vertically onto a spring, as shown in Figure 13.
The spring is supported and stands vertically. The ball has a speed of 2.8 m s−1
L
wind
speed v turbine
▲ Figure 15
i Show that C has no units. [3]
ii The length L of each blade of the turbine is 25.0 m and the density ρ of
air is 1.30 in SI units. The constant C is 0.931. The efficiency of the
turbine is 55% and the electric power output P is 3.50 × 105 W.
Calculate the wind speed. [3]
iii Suggest two reasons why the electrical power output of the turbine is
less than the power available from the wind. [2]
[Total: 11]
Cambridge International AS and A Level Physics (9702) Paper 22 Q1 May/June 2013
221
A battery of electromotive force (e.m.f.) 24 V and negligible internal
resistance is connected to a network of resistors A, B, C and D, as
A B
X shown in Figure 16.
3.0 A
The resistors A and B in the circuit have equal resistances. The two
C
Y
D resistors C and D have resistances R and 2.8 Ω. The resistors A and B
R 2.8 Ω are connected at junction X and the resistors C and D are connected
▲ Figure 16 at junction Y. The current in the battery is 8.0 A and the current in
the resistors A and B is 3.0 A.
AS Level review exercise
b Calculate:
i the resistance of resistor A,
ii resistance R.
c Determine the potential difference between points X and Y.
d Calculate:
i the total power dissipated in the resistors A and B,
ii the total power produced by the battery.
e The resistor of resistance R is replaced with a resistor of greater resistance. State
and explain the effect, if any, of this change on:
i the total power dissipated by the two resistors A and B,
ii the total power produced by the battery.
11 a Define power.
b A chair lift and passengers have a total weight of 3.5 kN. The lift is attached to a
cable that is connected to a motor, as shown in Figure 17.
return path motor
of cable
cable moving up
ground level
20° horizontal
▲ Figure 17
The cable is supported so that the lift is above ground level as it is pulled up a
mountain by the motor. The cable is at an angle of 20° to the horizontal. The
variation with time t of the speed v of the lift is shown in Figure 18. A constant
frictional force of 0.40 kN acts against the lift when it is moving at constant speed
between time t = 8.0 s and t = 108 s.
6 i Use Figure 18:
v/m s–1