MAKING 2D ANIMATION IN INTERACTIVE
MEDIA AS A LEARNING AID FOR
TRANSPORTATION MATERIALS FOR GRADE
3 MI AL HIDAYAH STUDENTS
Haris Al Rafi Siswanto
Teknik Informatika dan Komputer
Politeknik Negeri Jakarta
Kota Depok,Indonesia
Email: harisrafi26@gmail.com
Transportation is a means that plays an important role in
moving people and goods from one place to another.
Transportation material is essential because it is included in the
thematic curriculum of elementary schools according to the 2013
Curriculum. This material has relevance to students' grades and
daily life. However, learning about transportation is still
considered boring because the teaching method is still
conventional.
Therefore, this study aims to create more interesting and
interactive learning media using 2D animation as a form of
introduction to means of transportation. The purpose of this
study is to produce interactive media in the form of 2D animation
that can be used as teaching aids for teachers and help grade 3
students at MI Al Hidayah understand material about
transportation.
The method of making this application uses MDLC
(Multimedia Development Live Cycle). During the development
process, alpha testing was carried out together with the internal
team to ensure that this 2D animation interactive media runs well
and in accordance with the input provided.
With the presence of this interesting and interactive learning
media, it is hoped that students can more easily understand the
material about transportation equipment and can also increase
their interest in learning various types of transportation in
Indonesia.
Keywords: 2D Educational Games, Learning Media,
Interactive Multimedia, Transportation.
I. INTRODUCTION (HEADING 1)
Transportation is a means that aims to move people or
goods from one location to another. (Fatimah, 2019)
Transportation tools are divided into two categories, namely
traditional and modern transportation. Traditional means of
transportation operate by using physical power from animals
or humans, while modern means of transportation are
powered by machines to move. (Yacob,2017) Indonesian
people use various types of transportation, both traditional
and modern. For example, traditional means of transportation
such as delman and cikar, while modern means of
transportation such as cars and motorcycles. ( Putri, 2021).
When thematic learning was introduced in the 2013
curriculum, transportation materials became very important
for students in elementary schools, including at MI Al
Hidayah located in Depok, West Java. Fatma's mother, a
teacher at MI Al Hidayah explained that the thematic
curriculum for grades 3 and 4 includes material on
transportation, but this material has been introduced since
grade 1 according to the level of student development.
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According to Mrs. Fatma, transportation material has a
very important relevance because it not only affects students'
grades, but is also directly related to daily life. In line with
the rapid advancement of transportation technology, students
are expected to be familiar with various types of
transportation, including traditional ones as well as those
used today. Teaching transportation materials is carried out
through textbooks and delivered through lectures, and
involves the question and answer method after learning.
Sometimes, the material is also enriched by the use of videos
for students in grades 3-5 who attend lesson sessions in one
room. Although students are expected to master the material,
learning about transportation is still considered less
interesting because learning transportation only includes
public transportation.
Conventional learning also causes boredom in students
because the material taught is often repetitive and focuses
more on memorization. Such learning methods are
considered inappropriate and inappropriate. ( (Aziz dan Al
Irsyadi, 2021). From the results of the researcher's interview
with the mother fatma teacher from MI Al-Hidayah. In the
school. Learning is still through text books or conventional
and researchers will make animations and games to provide
more interactive learning so that students are interested in
learning it.
The creation of moving images in two dimensions, called
2D animation, has several advantages such as efficiency,
convenience, lower cost, and artistic freedom to enhance the
personality and world created for the project. 2D animation
is achieved by creating sequences of photos or "frames"
arranged sequentially, thus creating the illusion of movement
(Jaya, 2020). 2D animation is used as an interesting and
effective learning medium to teach concepts and skills to
students.
2D animation is one of the learning media that can attract
students' interest in learning about transportation. By using
2D animation, students can see the visualization of the means
of transportation more clearly and in detail, so as to help
students understand the concept better..
II. RESEARCH METHOD
This research will discuss the creation of 2D animation
introduction to transportation tools for interactive media. The
animation created will use two-dimensional image animation
and will produce output in the form of a video that lasts for
13 minutes.
 The scope of material to be animated as many as 13 types
of transportation equipment is based on the Thematic Book
of the 2013 curriculum and from the Ebook Source
Manuscript archives of traditional transportation modes. 2D
animation will explain about the name of transportation, type
of mode of transportation, characteristics and cargo.
. medium for learning transportation materials, the MDLC
A. Data Collection Techniques
In this study, a case study was conducted at MI Al
Hidayah elementary school Depok. A series of data
collection were conducted to support this study, using the
following data collection methods:
1. Literature Study Method
This method is a data collection that involves taking
articles, papers, or journals to be analyzed and
record theories through reading activities. This data
is used as the main theoretical material or as support
in research that focuses on animation as an
interactive medium of transportation.
2. Interview Method
The interview method is a data collection technique
used to obtain the core of the theory or to strengthen
the research theory. Through the direct
communication process, the interview method is
carried out to obtain accurate data related to
transportation learning materials at the elementary
school level. This interview was conducted directly
by Ibu Fatma Sari, a teacher at MI Al Hidayah
elementary school.
3. Questionnaire Method
At the final product testing stage, this method is
implemented to test 2D Animation by providing
respondents with a list of animation-related
questions. This questionnaire was addressed to the
3rd grade students of MI Al Hidayah, and they were
directed by the teacher to fill out the questionnaire.
4. Qualitative data analysis
Qualitative research is a type of research that aims
to explore and understand the interpretation given
by a number of individuals or groups to social or
humanitarian problems. In this qualitative research
process, there are important steps that must be done,
such as formulating research questions and
procedures, collecting data specifically from
participants, analyzing data inductively ranging
from specific themes to general themes, and
interpreting the meaning of the data. (Kusumastuti
and Khoiron, 2019) In this study, a qualitative
approach was used to analyze the needs and design
research with the aim of obtaining more in-depth
information about the learning material of
transportation equipment in elementary schools.
5. Quantitative Data Analysis
In the beta testing phase by users, a quantitative
approach is used to analyze the data that has been
obtained. The results of quantitative data analysis
are explained in paragraph form, based on the
calculation of the Likert scale percentage. Through
these results, conclusions can be drawn whether the
product has succeeded in achieving the goals and
benefits of research that have been set.
B. Stages of Research
In research on making 2D Animation as an interactive
(Multimedia Development Live Cycle) method was used
which had been developed by Luther (1994). The MDLC
method consists of six stages, namely concept, design,
material collecting, assembly, testing, and distribution. This
approach is particularly suitable for this research as it focuses
on multimedia development. Here is the sequence of stages
carried out in this study
a. Concept
At this concept stage, determining the animation
story that will be displayed in making 2-dimensional
animation introduction to transportation tools that
aims to increase knowledge and insight in MI Al-
Hidayah elementary school students
b. Design
At this stage, a detailed design of the story will be
raised as a learning medium for the introduction of
transportation equipment. This stage includes writing
scripts and storyboards.
c. Material Collecting
At this stage, the collection of assets such as scripts,
audio, backsound, 2-dimensional illustration images
are the main ingredients for making 2-dimensional
animated videos.
d. Assembly
Assembly is the stage of making by combining
various text, images, animations, videos, graphics
arranged based on storyboards. 2D assets are created
using Adobe Illustrator.While the animation process
is done using Moho Studio and for compositing
using adobe premiere.
e. Testing
At this stage alpha testing will be carried out by an
internal team, then beta testing will be carried out on
a select few respondents. The results of the test will
be re-evaluated so that it can present an animated
video that matches the expectations of researchers.
f. Distribution
This stage is the last stage, which is to publish the
results of 2-dimensional animation videos that have
been made to elementary school students
C. Object of study
The object of this study is elementary school children at
MI Al-Hidayah for grade 3 elementary school located in
Depok, West Java. The object in this study is to provide
knowledge about means of transportation
 III. DISCUSSION Sketch Asset transportation
This chapter will explain product requirements analysis,
product design, product implementation, product testing, and
product distribution stages. The development of this
application will use the MDLC (Multimedia Development
Live Cycle) method which consists of six stages, namely
Concept, Design, Material collecting, Assembly, Testing,
and Distribution.

A. Needs Analysis
The first stage in making this animation is the analysis
process. Through interviews with teachers at MI Al
Hidayah Elementary School, it was found that the
Sketch Background
learning material for transportation has importance
because it is related to values in thematic materials and
students' daily lives. The teachers also revealed that
D. Material Collecting
students feel bored with the conventional learning
methods currently used. Therefore, visualization and For material collecting, researchers took several assets at
alternative media that are interesting and interactive are Freepik. Here are some assets taken at Freepik :
needed to teach the material.
Interactive learning media applications will be made
desktop-based so that they are easy to use by teachers as a
tool in explaining transportation materials. This is because
students in elementary schools are not yet allowed to own or
bring gadgets to school. The application is expected to
facilitate the teaching and learning process, provide
knowledge about various types of transportation, both
traditional and used today, and increase students' enthusiasm
and interest in learning.Deletion:

B. Concept
based on the needs analysis, the product concept to be
created is a 2D animation that presents material about
various means of transportation. The aim is for students to Asset Character
get to know the different types of vehicles and also preserve
the local history and culture. This animation will be
interactive and educational, so that students can understand
the content of the animation well.

The creation of animations will inform about the name

of the vehicle, the type of transportation, passenger capacity,
and the characteristics of each vehicle. This product will be
a tool for teachers in the teaching process. The teacher will Asset Transportation
be the main user who will operate this interactive medium
and show it to the students.

The final result of the product will be a video (. Mp4) that

will be incorporated into an application named "SITRA."
This application will be focused on learning media about
transportation tools to align with the researcher's vision.
C. Design
For design, researchers make it through reference images on
Google and Freepik such as: Asset Envirotment

E. Assembly
After all the ingredients have been determined then
animation will be carried out and if it has become rigging
animation then compositing will be done. Compositing
includes such as audio, video and text ,
Here are the results of the scene that has been composited:
Character,environment and transportation asset
In one scene
- The author finds it difficult when entering a rig object to
be animated Because in this Moho Studio application. Each
rig body part must be separated Separate so that animated
characters can move freely and are not present Movements
that frame drop and also the author sometimes experience
bugs in parts character movement.
- The author finds it difficult to move the facial mimic
while chatting Sometimes there are still bugs in the mimic
transition section of the character's face, because the author
using facial mimic replacement technique by replacing Pre-
made face drawings
- Authors often get Bugs on traditional vehicle rigging

G. Distribution
The animation results will be distributed to MI al hidayah
schools, the animation results are in the form of videos (.
Mp4)

H. Conclusion
1. The output of this thesis work is in the form of a 2D
animation video
2.Researchers have succeeded in making 2D animation
Introduction of transportation equipment as a learning
Asset Character medium
MI Al-Hidayah students and designed using adobe
illustrator, meringging animated characters
using Moho13 and compositing using adobe after effect
3. In alpha Testing, there are some bugs but the author can
overcome them

I. Suggestion
1. It is recommended for this research if you want to make
2D animation better using Moho studio app instead of using
adobe after effect due to very significant differences in the
rigging part of the character
Asset Transportation 2. If the researcher has difficulty in making assets.
Researchers can look for ideas in forums that provide assets
for reference
3. If there are researchers who want to develop this
animation. Animation can be Redeveloped into 3D
animation

REFERENCES

[1] Fatimah, S. (2019) Pengantar Transportasi. 1st edn. Ponorogo: Myria

Asset Enviroment
F. Testing
The author has only done alpha testing because there are
some time constraints from the school, beta testing activities
cannot be carried out and researchers can only report the
results of alpha testing.
Here are the results of alpha testing:
Publisher.
[2] Kusumastuti, A. and Khoiron, A.M. (2019) Metode Penelitian
Kualitatif. Edited by F. Annisya and Sukarno. Lembaga Pendidikan
Sukarno Pressindo (LPSP).
[3] Arsip Nasional Republik Indonesia. (2017). Naskah Sumber Arsip
Moda Transportasi Tradisional. Jakarta Selatan: Arsip Nasional
Republik Indonesia.
[4] AMBARWATI, P., & DARMAWEL, P. S. (2020). Majalah Ilmiah
UNIKOM. IMPLEMENTASI MULTIMEDIA DEVELOPMENT
LIFE CYCLE IMPLEMENTASI MULTIMEDIA DEVELOPMENT
LIFE CYCLE , Vol.18 No. 2
[5] Jaya, M. R. (2020). Kumpulan Artikel Mahasiswa Pendidikan Teknik
Informatika. PENGEMBANGAN FILM ANIMASI, Volume 9, Nomor
3.