Name: Seif Eldeen Khaled Tawfik

ID: 19230040

Cerebral Stroke

Definition:
A stroke occurs when something blocks blood supply to part of the brain or when a blood vessel
in the brain bursts causing parts of the brain become damaged or die

Causes:
There are 2 main types of stroke: ischaemic strokes and haemorrhagic strokes
Ischaemic strokes: are the most common type of stroke. They happen when a blood clot blocks
the flow of blood and oxygen to the brain.arteries may naturally become narrower by aging, but
there are some things that dangerously speed up this process.

These include:
 smoking
 high blood pressure (hypertension)
 obesity
 high cholesterol levels
 diabetes
 excessive alcohol intake
Haemorrhagic strokes:
They happen when a blood vessel inside the skull bursts and bleeds into and around the brain.
The main cause of haemorrhagic stroke is high blood pressure

Pathogenesis:
Ischaemic strokes are the most common type of stroke. They happen when a blood clot blocks
the flow of blood and oxygen to the brain
Ischaemic strokes are the most common type of stroke. They happen when a blood clot blocks
the flow of blood and oxygen to the brain.
Symptoms:
 Trouble speaking and understanding what others are saying. A person having a stroke
may be confused, slur words or may not be able to understand speech.
 Numbness, weakness or paralysis in the face, arm or leg.
 Problems seeing in one or both eyes.
 Headache.
 Trouble walking.

Signs:
Numbness or weakness in the face, arm, or leg; Confusion or trouble speaking or understanding
speech; Trouble seeing in one or both eyes; Trouble walking, dizziness, or problems with
balance; severe headache with no known cause.

Treatment:
The main treatment for an ischemic stroke is a medicine called tissue plasminogen
activator (tPA). It breaks up the blood clots that block blood flow to the brain. It's inject into a
vein in the arm. It must be given within 3 hours after stroke symptoms start.

Complications:
 Venous thromboembolism
 Aphasia and communication
 Brain edema
 Cardiovascular complications
 Cognitive impairment
 Depression
 Dysphagia
 Hemorrhagic stroke
 Pneumonia