NALANDA VIDYA NIKETAN,

VIJAYAWADA

PHYSICS INVESTIGATORY
PROJECT

Name: Akhila Mokkapati

Class: XII-A1
Roll No: 03
Year: 2023-24
TOPIC:
To study the factor on which the self-inductance of a coil
depends by observing the effect of this coil, when put in
series with a resistor/bulb in a circuit fed up by an A.C.
source of adjustable frequency.
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
It is my pleasure to express my deep sense
of gratitude towards my subject teacher,
Bhanu Prasad Sir for the valuable guidance,
support and supervision that are
considerably responsible for helping this
project attain its present form. I wish to
acknowledge my heartfelt thanks to our
principal of our school, my parents and my
friends who helped me to complete the
project on time.
INDEX
INTRODUCTION:
What is self-inductance?
When an electric current is passed through an insulated
conducting coil, it gives rise to a magnetic field in
the coil so that the coil itself behaves like a magnet.The
magnetic flux produced by the current in the coil is
linked with the coil itself.As the strength of the current in
the coil is changed, the flux linked with the coil
also changes. Under such circumstances an emf is
induced in the coil too. Such emf is called a self-induced
emf and this phenomenon is known as
self-induction.
AIM:

To study the factor on which the self inductance of a

coil depends by observing the effect of this coil,
when put in series with a resistor (bulb) in a circuit
fed up by an A.C. source of adjustable frequency.

APPARATUS:

A coil of large turns, A.C. source of adjustable

frequency, an electrical bulb, (6V) A.C. ammeter of
suitable range rheostat, a soft iron rod, one way key,
connecting wires etc.
THEORY:
Self inductance is the property of a coil which
opposes the change in current through it. The self
inductance of a coil (long solenoid) is

where Relative magnetic permeability of

magnetic material,

N = Total number of turns in solenoid

A = Area of cross-section of solenoid

l = length of solenoid.
 Hence, the self inductance depends upon:

1. No. of turns (N) , L α N²

2. Geometry of coil,
3. Nature of core material, L α µ

When an inductor is connected in series with a

resistor (bulb) with a variable source of frequency,
then current flowing in the bulb is

Where Impedance of the A.C.

circuit. Here,

R = Resistance of the bulb

L = Self inductance of coil

= 2πf = Angular frequency of A.C. source.

The brightness of bulb i.e., Heat generated in the
bulb is

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
PROCEDURE:
1. Make all connections as shown in the
circuit diagram.

2. Switch on the A.C. supply & adjust the current

in the circuit by using the variable resistor ( Rℎ ).

3. Record the current in A.C. ammeter & see the

brightness of the bulb.

4. Now, put the soft iron rod inside the conductor

core & record the current in A.C. ammeter &
again check the brightness of the bulb. The
current & brightness both decrease.

5. Now, switch off the supply & decrease the

frequency of A.C. source (say 50 Hz).
6. Again switch on the supply & adjust the current in
circuit at same constant voltage 6V by using the
rheostat. Note the current in the ammeter &
brightness of the bulb.
The current & brightness both will increase.

7. Again insert the iron rod in the core of the coil &
note the current & brightness. The current &
brightness both decrease.

8. Repeat the steps 5, 6 and 7 for different

frequencies of A.C. source.
 OBSERVATION:
1. Least count of ammeter = 0.05 A. 2.

Zero error of ammeter = 0 A.

3. Range of ammeter = 0 – 5 A.

SNo. Frequency Current in

Current in
of applied ammeter with
ammeter
voltage iron rod in
without iron
(Hz) coil (A)
rod in coil (A)

1. 60 2 1.8
2. 50 2.5 2.3
3. 40 2.9 2.6
4. 30 3.4 3.25
5. 20 4.1 4
RESULT:
1. The current in the circuit decreases on
inserting the iron rod in the core of the coil at
constant frequency of applied voltage &
brightness of the bulb decreases & vice-versa.
2. The current in the circuit increases on
decreasing the frequency of applied voltage &
vice-versa. Therefore, the brightness of the bulb
increases.
PRECAUTIONS:
1. The coil should have a large number of
turns.

2. Current should be passed for a small time to

avoid the heating effect.

SOURCES OF ERRORS:
1. The resistance of the circuit may increase
slightly due to the heating effect of current.

2. There may be eddy current in the soft iron

coil.
BIBLIOGRAPHY:
1) https://www.google.com/

2) Physics NCERT Textbook for Class 12

3)https://www.wikipedia.org/

4) http://www.scribd.com/

5) NCERT physics lab Manual