 Real-Time Hydraulic Modelling Module

 This module shall simulate the gas pipelines network state under steady,
transient and dynamic conditions.
 The module must receive measured values from field instruments i.e.,
Pressure, flow rate and temperature via SCADA system, which will be
connected with the online Simulator software through an OPC UA
server.
 It also shall be able to identify any missing or bad input data, hence
substitute them with the hydraulically calculated ones.
 The module shall provide reliable, accurate, robust, comprehensive &
real-time information about the physical gas hydraulics at any point
inside the gas pipelines network such as:
Volumetric Flow Rate
Mass Flow Rate
Energy Flow Rate
Pressure
Temperature
Density
Velocity
Flow Direction
Gross Heating Value
Gas Composition
Compressibility Factor
Reynolds Number

 The module shall be based on Finite Volume/ Element Method and

using partial differential equations as continuity equation, momentum
 equation, energy equation, thermal equation & equations of state to
model gas flow through the network.
 Multiple EOS can be used in the model throughout the network based
on the flow pattern characteristics such as Reynolds number, pipeline
diameter and pressure range.
 View and analyze complete pipeline data over time: past, current, and
future numerically & graphically.
 It shall have a graphical user interface for all management, model
building, etc. It also should contain all required devices for model
building e.g., valves, compressors, heaters, coolers & filters.

 Look-ahead & Predictor Module

 The Look-ahead module shall be able to import the initial conditions from
the current real time simulator, from SCADA, historically saved states or the
operator can create a proposed starting operating state.
 Look-ahead module shall be able to predict the consequences of an
intended control action, day ahead schedule and forecasting of production,
demand, pressure, flow rate & line pack.
 If any futuristic operating conditions violate safe operating thresholds,
alarms shall be configured regarding any violated constraints i.e., high/low
pressure, flow & temperature, also determine when any violation will
occur.
 Based on the current network state with new operator profiles and
parameters to calculate gas system survival time, with different conditions
such as a supply shortage, consumer outage, or a piece of equipment fails,
 calculate quickly how long the system can operate before hitting minimum
operating pressure and to provide contingency planning.
 Look-ahead model can launch automatically on a cyclic basis or upon
demand.
 Predictor Module or “what-if” analyzes what will happen in the future on
the network if certain operations strategies are carried out in order to get
optimal solution for future operations.
 Analyze the impact of operational changes and for operational
optimization.
 The future operating parameters such as supply, demand, pressure & flow
rates throughout the network set-points for the duration of the look-ahead
cycle run can be supplied in formatted CSV files or alternatively via the
OPC-UA interface.
 Automation scripts can be used to enhance the reporting capabilities.
 Multi scenario runs can be configured, saved and used to determine
optimum transmission capacity volumes, minimum fuel consumption in the
compressor station and other operational parameters.
 Calculation for scenarios with changes in flow, pressure & gas composition
at supply nodes and offtakes.
 Build and modify operational profiles (supplies & demands) graphically
 Look-ahead & Predictor Module should be launched on multiple
workstations to allow concurrent analysis of multiple scenarios at the same
time.
 The entire simulation run results can be viewed in the trending tool.
Bidder must carry out at least 10 different
scenarios like calculate gas system survival time
with different conditions such as a supply
shortage, consumer outage, or equipment fails
Survival Time Analysis
Key benefits
• Runs automatically every 30 minutes (No manual process)
• Initialised from a current and accurate real time state
• Runs ahead of time using estimated demand profiles and supply schedule
• Check for violations within current and next gas day
• User definable criteria for violation of pressure, inventory etc…
• Detailed information on type of failure
• Detailed information on exact location of failure
•
The objective of the pipeline survival time model is to determine how long the pipeline operator will be
able to meet the current demands should there be a disruption to normal operation.
The Survival Model will run automatically following a pre-configured event, such as the loss of a supply
or compressor station. It will run forward in time using the current real time delivery flow nominations
until an operational constraint is violated such as minimum or maximum pressure, or minimum
inventory.
If a violation is observed the Survival will stop, generate an alarm, and report the number of minutes
from now until the violation. The SM will then recalculate the survival time at regular intervals until
the
operational constraint is removed.

 Compressor Modeling
The detailed compressor model provides considerably more modeling fidelity. It
considers the compressor station’s individual devices (compressors, drives,
coolers) and their interconnection and interaction. Device constraints are
accurately modeled by envelope diagrams. These allow to specify nonlinear
device characteristics. Thus, the detailed compressor model is being used, where
high modeling fidelity is required, e.g., for the operation support of existing
pipeline systems. For checking out the model parameters or in a planning
environment, the results of the model can also be investigated without a network
environment using the configuration test function.