Lesson 7. Quiz For Chapter 14. The Numerate Brain. - Revisión Del Intento

18.12.23, 17:01 Lesson 7. Quiz for Chapter 14. The numerate brain.
: Revisión del intento
Comenzado el lunes, 18 de diciembre de 2023, 16:35

Estado Finalizado
Finalizado en lunes, 18 de diciembre de 2023, 17:01
Tiempo 25 minutos 55 segundos
empleado
Puntos 29,00/36,00
Calificación 8,06 de 10,00 (80,56%)
Pregunta 1
Correcta
Se puntúa 1,00 sobre 1,00
What is a likely function of the right hemisphere number system?

a. Reading Arabic numerals
b. Multiplication
c. Estimating exact quantity
d. Estimating approximate quantity 
Pregunta 2
Incorrecta
Which of the following describes best the concept “mental number line”?
a. A single logarithmically compressed continuous scale which is used for comparing both discrete and continuous quantities.
b. A single continuous scale which is used for comparing both discrete and continuous quantities. 
c. A single discrete scale which is used for comparing discrete quantities.
d. A single logarithmically compressed discrete scale which is used for comparing both discrete and continuous quantities.
Pregunta 3
Correcta
What did the study of Moyer and Landauer (1967) contribute to our knowledge of numerical cognition?
a. That humans can automatically access the size of a collection up to 4 in size
b. That reaction time judgments are sensitive to the absolute and relative magnitudes of digits 
c. That subliminal presentation of digits can influences a subsequent magnitude judgement
d. That non-human primates are capable of adding together two collections
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18.12.23, 17:01 Lesson 7. Quiz for Chapter 14. The numerate brain.: Revisión del intento
Pregunta 4
Correcta
Which of the following applies to Roman numerals?

a. It is a base-20 system
b. It is based on place-value system
c. It is a logarithmic system
d. There is no representation of zero 
Pregunta 5
Correcta
People are faster at deciding which number is larger when the separation between them is large (e.g. 8 v 2) relative to small (e.g. 8 v 7).What is this called?
a. Distance effect 
b. Order effect
c. Magnitude effect
d. Size effect
Pregunta 6
Correcta
What property of number systems enables large numbers to be represented?

a. Use of body parts
b. Use of bases 
c. Decimal system
d. Use of zero
Pregunta 7
Incorrecta
One of the differences between the McCloskey model and Dahaene's triple-code model is that:
a. The triple-code model offers a purely cognitive account of number processing. It is considered a cognitive model.
b. The McCloskey model regards the relationship between arabic and verbal forms to be too irregular to be implemented by non semantic
transcoding.
c. The McCloskey model assumes that the semantic number reresentation consists of the logarithmically compressed mental number line
d. Transcoding is performed semantically in Dehaene's Triple-code model and non-semantically in the McCloskey model 
Pregunta 8
Correcta
In patients with split-brain damage, how might they perform when asked to read a digit (e.g. 5) presented briefly to the right hemisphere?
a. They will say nothing at all
b. They will give an answer that is based on visual similarity (e.g. 5 - "fifteen")
c. They may get it approximately right (e.g. 5 - "six") 
d. They will get it exactly right (e.g. 5 - "five")
Pregunta 9
Correcta
What is meant by transcoding?

a. Representing the same concept in multiple formats
b. Translating one type of symbol into another 
c. Mapping between a conceptual representation and a physical one
d. Mapping between a physical code and a conceptual representation
Pregunta 10
Correcta
Some Amazonian cultures only have a few number names (e.g. "one", "two", "many"). Are they able to estimate the combined size of two collections (e.g. 5
stones and 6 stones)?
a. Their answers reflect random guessing
b. They are able to do approximate additions (e.g. around 9, 10, 11, or 12) but not exact additions 
c. They give the larger of the two collections (i.e. 6) as an answer
d. They are able to accurately give the answer (i.e. 11)
Pregunta 11
Correcta
Which of the following is a place-value system of denoting numbers?

a. Roman numerals
b. Binary 
c. Tally
d. Subitizing system
Pregunta 12
Correcta
Dehaene at el. (1998) proposed the Triple-Code Model.Which of the following statements is wrong according to this model?
a. The visuospatial “workbench” is for conducting multi digit operations.
b. The verbal store of arithmetical facts is used to comprehend and produce spoken number names and is also a repository for learned arithmetical
facts and tables.
c. The visual representation for recognizing numerals and the semantic magnitude representations are supposedly found in different spots in the
brain, but both bilaterally.
d. All calculations are carried out semantically. 
Pregunta 13
Correcta
Which of the following regions has been implicated as the neural substrate for number meanings?
a. Medial parietal lobes
b. Intra-parietal sulcus 
c. Medial temporal lobes
d. Superior temporal sulcus
Pregunta 14
Correcta
People are faster at deciding which number is larger when the numbers are small (e.g. 2 v 4) relative to large (e.g. 6 v 8).What is this called?
a. Distance effect
b. Magnitude effect
c. Size effect 
d. Order effect
Pregunta 15
Correcta
What does the term "SNARC effect" refer to?

a. Spatial-numerical association of response codes. It refers is harder decisions about which of two numbers is larger when the distance between
them is small.
b. Spatial-numerical association of response codes. It refers to faster responses to large numbers with the right hand and to small numbers with 
the left hand
c. Subitizing numbers attenuates resource capacity. It refers to the ability to enumerate an exact quantity of objects without counting them.
d. Spacial-number attentional response context. It refers to the fact that small numbers orient attention to the right whereas large numbers orient
attention to the left.
Pregunta 16
Correcta
Choose the CORRECT one amongs the following options regarding the numerical cognition topic:
a. According to Dehaene´s Triple Code Theory people can transcode a number (e.g. from arabig -2- to verbal -TWO- code) without processing 
its meaning.
b. The intraparietal Sulcus is a structure involved in the processing of numbers (quantity) but not for other magnitudes such as space or time.
c. Exclusively the left hemisphere (nor the right) is important for number processing.
d. Subitization occurs when you perceive a large number of dots (i.e., higher than 3 or 4) as a whole.
Pregunta 17
Correcta
Studies of infants show that they lose interest if exposed to the same number of items but regain interest if the number of items changes.What is the
name of this procedure?
a. Place value
b. Preferential looking
c. Violation-of-expectancy
d. Habituation 
Pregunta 18
Incorrecta
Which of the following is NOT a property of the Triple-Code Model of numerical cognition?
a. Simple multiplication tables are stored as verbal facts
b. Number semantics is a logarithmically compressed "mental number line"
c. Subtraction relies more on number semantics than does multiplication 
d. Transcoding is performed only via semantics
Pregunta 19
Correcta
Which of the following sentences are TRUE concerning the left and right brain in number meaning:
a. According to Warrington (1982), dyscalculic patient with LH lesion are unable to do approximate sums.
b. The left hemisphere deals with exact quantities. 
c. The right hemisphere deals with approximate and exact quantities.
d. The left hemisphere deals with approximate quantities (between 4 and 6).
Pregunta 20
Correcta
What does the place-value system refer to?

a. A system in which the larger digit is written leftmost
b. A system in which zero is represented
c. Any ordered sequence that can be used to count
d. A system in which quantity is determined by its position in a written string 
Pregunta 21
Correcta
Which of the following key lines of evidence for number-space associations is INCORRECT?
a. The function of number forms is linked with activity in the intraparietal sulcus and prefrontal cortex.
b. Small numbers presented in the centre of screen orient attention to the left, but larger numbers orient attention to the right.
c. The SNARC effect appears in judgements about numbers where people are faster to respond with their left hand for small numbers, but faster
with the right hand for larger numbers.
d. Patients with visuospatial neglect do not show spatial biases in number bisection because they are ignoring the left side space but they do 
not suffer from dyscalculia so they do not show any biases with numbers.
Pregunta 22
Correcta
Which regions of the brain are associated with number neurons, as observed in the study by Nieder and Miller (2004)?
a. Frontal Eye Field (FEF) and parietal cortex.
b. Parietal lobes (mainly the intraparietal sulcus, IPS) and occipital cortex.
c. Angular gyrus and Temporo-Parietal Junction (TPJ).
d. Parietal lobes (mainly the intraparietal sulcus, IPS) and the prefrontal cortex. 
Pregunta 23
Correcta
Why do studies of dyscalculia emphasize importance of left parietal hemisphere but functional imaging studies show bilateral activity ?
a. Because if the lesion is bilateral it would lead to Balint syndrome rather than to dyscalculia.
b. fMRI is more sensitive and precise than brain lesion methods to localize functions in the brain.
c. The left hemisphere is more prone to injury than the right hemisphere (whose injury leads to neglect syndrome instead)
d. Dyscalculia is mainly related to the formal and exact use of numbers (left hemisphere), whereas fMRI studies localize the processing of 
numbers as exact (LH) and approximate (RH) quantities.
Pregunta 24
Correcta
People who lack a basic understanding of number are said to be:

a. Dyscalculic 
b. Dysnumberia
c. Adigita
d. Dysarithmetic
Pregunta 25
Correcta
Who conducted a PET study of the mathematical prodigy, Gamm?

a. Nieder and Miller (2004)
b. Hermelin and O'Connor (1986)
c. Pesenti et al. (2001) 
d. Witelson et al. (1999)
Pregunta 26
Correcta
The process of putting each item in a collection in one-to-one correspondence with a number or some other tally is called:
a. Working memory
b. Counting 
c. Subitizing
d. Marking
Pregunta 27
Correcta
Which symptom is NOT associated with Gerstmann's syndrome?

a. Finger agnosia
b. Apraxia 
c. Left-right confusion
d. Dyscalculia
Pregunta 28
Incorrecta
Which language has a base-20 system of counting?

a. Ancient Greek
b. Phoenician
c. Finnish 
d. Basque
Pregunta 29
Correcta
What evidence suggested that pre-historic man had a conception of number?

a. Evidence that they hunted in groups
b. Evidence showing that number names derive from a single proto-language
c. An enlarged region on their skull corresponding to the number area
d. Evidence of counting found on bone fragments 
Pregunta 30
Incorrecta
What constistutes the "ordinal" meaning of number?

a. The size of a collection
b. Its position when written on the page 
c. Its ability to be processed automatically
d. Its position in a sequence
Pregunta 31
Correcta
Which of the following answers about dyscalculia is wrong?

a. Dyscalculia is defined as a difficulty in understanding and calculating numbers.
b. Dyscalculic patients are unable to calculate approximate sums. 
c. Children with dyscalculia have problems distinguishing between the sizes of two sets.
d. This impairment can be caused by brain damage or developmental problems.
Pregunta 32
Correcta
Which of the following is NOT a property of McCloskey’s model of numerical cognition?

a. Separate routines for each arithmetical operation (e.g. +, -, /, x)
b. Subtraction relies more on number semantics than multiplication 
c. The semantic representation of numbers is base 10
d. Transcoding is performed only via semantics
Pregunta 33
Correcta
What is the Gerstmann’s syndrome?

a. A set of four deficits to be associated with damage to the left temporal lobe (dyscalculia, finger agnosia, agraphia, and left-right disorientation)
b. A set of four deficits believed to be associated with damage to the left parietal lobe (acalculia, finger agnosia, agraphia, and left-right 
disorientation)
c. A set of four deficits to be associated with damage to the right temporal lobe (acalculia, finger agnosia, agraphia, and left-right disorientation)
d. A set of four deficits believed to be associated with damage to the right parietal lobe (dyscalculia, finger agnosia, agraphia, and left-right
disorientation)
Pregunta 34
Incorrecta
According to the Triple-Code Model, what aspect of numerical cognition might an aphasic patient have particular problems with?
a. Multiplication facts
b. Written multi-digit sums 
c. Addition
d. Algebra
Pregunta 35
Incorrecta
Which model of numerical cognition assumes that transcoding is done semantically?

a. Dehaene (1992) 
b. Mandler and Shebo (1982)
c. Butterworth (1999)
d. McCloskey (1992)
Pregunta 36
Correcta
What is subitizing?
a. The ability to perform additions and/or subtractions without formal knowledge of arithmetic (e.g., to estimate the approximate sum of two
groups of bees).
b. The ability to rapidly detect the numerosity of a small collection (up to 3 or 4 elements) without counting. 
c. The ability to automatically estimate the sum of two single digits.
d. The ability to determine which of 2 large collections of objects is approximately larger.

Lesson 7. Quiz For Chapter 14. The Numerate Brain. - Revisión Del Intento

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18.12.23, 17:01 Lesson 7. Quiz for Chapter 14. The numerate brain.

: Revisión del intento

Comenzado el lunes, 18 de diciembre de 2023, 16:35

What is a likely function of the right hemisphere number system?

Which of the following applies to Roman numerals?

What property of number systems enables large numbers to be represented?

What is meant by transcoding?

Which of the following is a place-value system of denoting numbers?

What does the term "SNARC effect" refer to?

What does the place-value system refer to?

People who lack a basic understanding of number are said to be:

Who conducted a PET study of the mathematical prodigy, Gamm?

Which symptom is NOT associated with Gerstmann's syndrome?

Which language has a base-20 system of counting?

What evidence suggested that pre-historic man had a conception of number?

What constistutes the "ordinal" meaning of number?

Which of the following answers about dyscalculia is wrong?

Which of the following is NOT a property of McCloskey’s model of numerical cognition?

What is the Gerstmann’s syndrome?

Which model of numerical cognition assumes that transcoding is done semantically?

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