Contents

1. Cover Page
2. Archidemik Copyright
3. Acknowledge
4. Contents
5. Introduction
6. Key questions to ask before designing
7. Elements of a bathroom
8. Spatial Planning for various types of toilets
9. Building Services
10. All about tiling
11. Design Inspirations
12. Execution Process
13. Water efficiency
14. Technical drawings + details
15. Sanitary wares
16. CP fittings
17. Accessories
18. Furniture
19. Lighting
20. Case Studies
21. Mistakes to avoid while designing
22. Procurement List for fixtures
23. About the author
24. How to prepare a budget for a toilet?
25. Designing for a public toilet
26. References
Archidemik.
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, distributed or transmitted in
any form or by any mean, including photocopying, recording, or other electronic or mechanical
methods, without the prior written permission of the publisher.

Acknowledgement:
I would like to thank two most important people Mr. Chakor Mehta (My building Construction
Professor) and Mr. Dhiraj Salhotara (My Building Services Professor) who taught me all the
basics right from appropriate planning to understanding the technicalities of toilet design. I am
forever indebted to the knowledge and life lessons that they imparted during college days.

Writing a book is harder than I thought and more rewarding than i could ever imagine. None of
this would have been possible without my Awesome Husband, Aakash. From reading early
drafts to giving me advice on the cover page.

Lastly, I would like to thank my mom, for being a strong support and a true source of inspiration
to me throughout my life. This book is dedicated to her.

- Prachi Bafna

Intorduction:
Bathrooms are one of the smallest spaces out of many rooms in your home, but bathrooms play
most important functional role in your house. You can get away with a balcony or an alcove but
a good planned bathroom is a must. It's the most used space and used multiple times of the day.
As per the Hindware, the average time spend in bathroom by Indians is up to 40-50 minutes. For
many home owners, bathroom, especially your master bath, is a place to get away. it’s a place of
solitude where you can get ready for the day, decompress from stressful day at work and relax.
It’s a place where you can be alone, relax in the tub, take a warm soothing shower, and
completely unwind. With the right design, you can create a spa-like atmosphere at home.

Interesting, isn’t it? Unfortunately, bathrooms are often ignored and overlooked. The reason
behind this is the entire process of deriving right dimensions, ventilation, services and areas for
a toilet is very complex. This is because every inch matters and many elements need to be fit
without making it look congested.

Therefore, I have penned down this mini handbook as a wholesome reference to your toilet
design queries and help you design with ease.
3 key takeaways from this Book
1. Basics for toilet design - spatial planning and ergonomics as per Indian standards
2. How to make toilets more aesthetic and appealing
3. Technical know-how.

key questions to ask before designing

1. User Profile:
 How many people will usually use this bathroom?
 Are there any children who will be using this bathroom in the coming years?
 should accessories be fixed at lower heights?
 Does a kiddie sink need to be installed?
 Are there any seniors who will be using this bathroom in the coming years?
 What kind of grab bars do they need? At wc, shower?
 Do they need any Anti-skid tiles?
2. Wash Basin Area:
 Do you have a preference between under counter or over counter basis?
 Would you like separate His and Her basis
 Is hot water needed at the basin?
 Would you like motion sensor taps?
 Do you need a waste coupling with a cover?
3. WC Area:
 Do you have a preference for a health faucet vs in-built bidet spray?
 Do you need a bib-cock with the health faucet?
 would you like to consider a smart toilet?
4. Shower Area:
 How many people shower one after the other in the morning time
 Accordingly, do you prefer an instant geyser or a storage geyser?
 Configuration of shower? would you like a hand shower?
 Would you consider a body jet?
 Is there space for, tub or shower cubicle?
5. Technical Requirements:
 What sort of flushing system does the building piping allow for? Pressure valve
or storage tank?
 Is water supply continuous or intermittent? Accordingly, is a water storage tank
required or not?
 How is the water pressure? Is a pressure pump required?
 How is the water quality? Do any steps need to be taken in case of hard water?
 Are any of the users exceptionally tall or short and need the counter heights
adjusted accordingly?
 6. Ancillary requirements:
 How much storage s pace is needed in the bathroom and for what all items?
 Do any other appliances like washing machine need to be fir into the bathroom
area?
 Where will extra supplies (soaps, toilet paper, shampoo bottles etc.) and
cleaning supplies? Do you like a fan is the bathroom?

Bathroom Elements
1. Wash Basin
2. Wc
3. Shower
4. Bathtub
5. Bidet
6. vanity
Three most important factors that influence the bathroom design are
a) planning
b) ergonomics
c) site context

Spatial planning for bathrooms

1. Zoning for bathrooms: No matter how beautiful you design your bathroom with most expensive
tiles or fitting, it will be a big failure if you don’t zone your bathrooms correctly.
To get the perfect functional bathroom, the most important aspect is to
separate the wet and dry zones.
So, what is wet and dry zones?
a) Wet Zone: It is the area of the bathroom where most of the water-based
activities take place. It contains shower, bathtub, jacuzzi, steam, body jet, etc.
(ref image)
b) Dry Zone: It is an area which is more commonly used as it contains wash
basin, WC, storage and urinal. (ref image)
c) What is wrong zoning?
When your wet zone is between two dry zones leading to a complete wet
bathroom floor & fitting.This arrangement is not very pleasing functionally as
well as from hygiene point of view.
Wet and dry bathroom is separated by a physical dividers like shower
curtains, tile drop or a glass partition.
2. Location of your bathroom matters: When it comes to designing bathrooms for a pre constructed
buildings, we either don’t have a choice but to settle down with the existing location or there are
certain limitations. But in case if you are designing a bungalow or an apartment or any new space
from scratch, locating the bathroom @ right place of the house or any space is very crucial.
a) Place the bathroom
 b) Don’t place the powder bathroom just opposite to entrance of the
house.
c) Ideal location for a bathroom for a master bedroom
d) As per Vastu ideal bathroom location should be

To understand this let’s consider 3 Case Studies.

a) Mullai Nagar
b) Vertu
c) One Avighna

3. Ergonomics for bathrooms

4. Bathroom layout mistakes to avoid:
 There are some common mistakes people usually make while designing a bathroom. There are
basically the W.C., sink, linen, bathtub and shower ,which should be placed properly according
to the space/room available. In the first layout (which is incorrect), the W.C. and the entry door
collide with each other. As soon as anyone enters the bathroom, there is a chance of colliding
with the shower glass door, which can lead to serious injury. It is always good to put these
elements away from the main bathroom door to avoid any type of collision, as shown in the
second layout.
5. Different types of layouts for different bathrooms
 Powder Bathroom: A powder room is a room that contains a WC with a sink. It is a small
room with no space for a shower or bathtub. The powder room can be designed near the
front entry or in any public area and it is intended for the guests to use.
 Master bathroom: The master bathroom is connected to master bedroom and is intended for
private use by the bedroom occupants. The master bathroom is more spacious and bigger
than all the bathrooms. The basic elements of a master bath are sink + vanity, W.C., shower,
bathtub & linen.
 Full Bath: Full bath - elements (sink/vanity, W.C./toilet, bathtub and a linen closet) A full bath
is different than that the three-quarter bath. The full bath contains a bathtub but no bathtub
and shower together. Basic Bathroom: This bathroom has the most common and appropriate
style of planning. This typical layout is been seen in most of Indian apartments where within a
tight space almost all the basic requirements are fulfilled.
 Three Quarter Bath: A three-quarter bathroom is different than the traditional bathroom. In
this bathroom, there might be no bathtub, but we can see a sink, W.C./toilet and a space for a
shower, which can be enclosed with glass panels. Three-quarter bath - elements (sink/vanity,
toilet, shower and a small-size linen cabinet/shelf according to the requirements)
 Bathroom for hotels for luxury resorts and honeymoon suites:
 Spa bathrooms:
 Bathrooms for handicaps:
 All about tiling:
How to select the tiles for a washroom:
 Consider the accent tiles:
 Do not go for a lot of variety in choosing the dado tiles.
 Go for a combination og 2-3 tiles
 Too many bright pops create many focal points which do not look appealing
 So something neutral, plain or simply texture style should do justice, allowing the
accent to take the centre stage.
 You can play along with grout lines as well and create a accent wall by just having
smaller pieces of monochromatic tiles.
 Bathrooms can be finished with marble as well. Though the maintenance and over all
the budget will higher than that off tiles.
 These days good marble like tiles are available and hence with tiles a look of marble can
be replicated that too within budget.
 Sensibly choose the floor tiles
 The basic consideration of a bathroom floor tile is that it should be anti-skid and of matt
finish.
 You can select a plain color in tones of white, cream, pastels and grey.
 Ratio of tile size to the bathroom
 If your bathroom is small, you may wish to hold off on using any large format tiles in the
space.
 Choose tiles that will the size of your room and do not give the feeling of coming all
over.
 Keep it proportionate.

 Advantages and disadvantages of bigger tile slabs

Acknowledgement:
I would like to thank two most important people Mr. Chakor Mehta (My building Construction
Professor) and Mr. Dhiraj Salhotara (My Building Services Professor) who taught me all the
basics right from appropriate planning to understanding the technicalities of toilet design. I am
forever indebted to the knowledge and life lessons that they imparted during college days.

Writing a book is harder than I thought and more rewarding than i could ever imagine. None of
this would have been possible without my Awesome Husband, Aakash. From reading early
drafts to giving me advice on the cover page.

Lastly, I would like to thank my mom, for being a strong support and a true source of inspiration
to me throughout my life. This book is dedicated to her.
- Prachi Bafna

Intorduction:
Bathrooms are one of the smallest spaces out of many rooms in your home, but bathrooms play
most important functional role in your house. You can get away with a balcony or an alcove but
a good planned bathroom is a must. It's the most used space and used multiple times of the day.
As per the Hindware, the average time spend in bathroom by Indians is up to 40-50 minutes. For
many home owners, bathroom, especially your master bath, is a place to get away. it’s a place of
solitude where you can get ready for the day, decompress from stressful day at work and relax.
It’s a place where you can be alone, relax in the tub, take a warm soothing shower, and
completely unwind. With the right design, you can create a spa-like atmosphere at home.

Interesting, isn’t it? Unfortunately, bathrooms are often ignored and overlooked. The reason
behind this is the entire process of deriving right dimensions, ventilation, services and areas for
a toilet is very complex. This is because every inch matters and many elements need to be fit
without making it look congested.

Therefore, I have penned down this mini handbook as a wholesome reference to your toilet
design queries and help you design with ease.

3 key takeaways from this Book

4. Basics for toilet design - spatial planning and ergonomics as per Indian standards
5. How to make toilets more aesthetic and appealing
6. Technical know-how.