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TKT HB 2009
TKT HB 2009
This handbook is intended for course providers who are, or intend to become, involved in preparing
candidates for the Teaching Knowledge Test (TKT).
For further information on any of the Cambridge ESOL examinations and teaching awards, please
contact:
Cambridge ESOL Information, 1 Hills Road, Cambridge, CB1 2EU, United Kingdom
Tel: +44 1223 553997, Fax: +44 1223 460278, email: ESOLhelpdesk@CambridgeESOL.org,
www.CambridgeESOL.org
Contents
2 Introduction
4 An overview of TKT
4 Content of TKT
1
5 Module 1: General description and syllabus
Language and background
8 Sample test to language learning and
teaching
2
16 Module 2: General description and syllabus
Lesson planning and use of
18 Sample test resources for language
teaching
34 Special Circumstances
36 TKT wordlist
45 Band descriptors
Te ac h i n g K n o w l e d g e Te s t | co nte nts 1
TKT can be taken at any stage in a teacher’s career. It is
Introduction suitable for pre-service or practising teachers and forms part
Introduction to Cambridge ESOL of a framework of teaching awards and tests for teachers
offered by Cambridge ESOL.
The Teaching Knowledge Test (TKT) is designed and produced
by University of Cambridge ESOL Examinations (Cambridge Cambridge ESOL’s tests for teachers include:
ESOL), a department of the University of Cambridge and part
• The Teaching Knowledge Test (TKT)
of the University of Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate,
which has provided examinations in English for speakers of • TKT: Knowledge about Language (KAL)
other languages since 1913. Cambridge ESOL offers an • TKT: Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL)
extensive range of examinations, certificates and diplomas for
learners and teachers of English, taken by over 2 million Cambridge ESOL’s practical, course-based qualifications for
people a year, in more than 130 countries. teachers include:
2 Te ac h i n g K n o w l e d g e Te s t | i ntr o d uc t i o n
Cambridge ESOL teaching awards and tests for teachers
TKT Module 1 TKT: CLIL TKT: KAL CELTA CELTYL ICELT Delta Delta Delta
TKT Module 2 Module Module Module
TKT Module 3 One Two Three
Teaching not essential not essential not essential not required not required required recommended required recommended
experience
Previous not essential not essential not essential qualifications qualifications local an initial an initial an initial
qualifications which allow which allow requirements teaching teaching teaching
/ training access to access to apply qualification qualification qualification
higher higher
education education
Suggested minimum minimum minimum minimum minimum minimum minimum minimum minimum
language Council of Council of Council of Council of Council of Council of Council of Council of Council of
level Europe B1 Europe B1 Europe B2 Europe C2/C1 Europe C2/C1 Europe B2 Europe C2/C1 Europe C2/C1 Europe C2/C1
Teaching age primary, primary, primary, adults (16+) primary or primary, primary, primary, primary,
group secondary or secondary or secondary or secondary secondary or secondary or secondary or secondary or
adults adults adults adults adults adults adults
Course not required not required not required yes yes yes not required yes not required
attendance
Note: Cambridge ESOL also offers IDLTM and the Young Learner Extension to CELTA. IDLTM is an educational management qualification.
The Young Learner Extension to CELTA shares similarities with CELTYL, except that entry is conditional on candidates having completed
CELTA.
Te ac h i n g K n o w l e d g e Te s t | i ntr o d uc t i o n 3
An overview of TKT Content of TKT
The aims of TKT TKT content outline
• to test candidates’ knowledge of concepts related to TKT consists of three modules. For each module, candidates
language, language use and the background to and are required to answer 80 questions by selecting a letter for
practice of language teaching and learning the correct answer. As TKT tests candidates’ knowledge of
teaching rather than their proficiency in the English language
• to provide an easily accessible test about teaching
or their performance in classroom situations, candidates are
English to speakers of other languages, which is
not required to listen, speak or produce extended writing
prepared and delivered to international standards, and
when taking TKT.
could be used by candidates to access further training,
and enhance career opportunities TKT overview
• to encourage teachers in their professional development
by providing a step in a developmental framework of Module Title Timing Test format
awards for teachers of English Language and 1 hour 20 minutes Three parts with
1 background to 80 objective
TKT candidature language learning questions
and teaching
TKT is suitable for teachers of English in primary, secondary or
Lesson planning 1 hour 20 minutes Two parts with
adult teaching contexts and is intended for an international
audience of non-first language or first language teachers of 2 and use of 80 objective
English. resources for questions
language teaching
Candidates taking TKT will normally have some experience of
Managing the 1 hour 20 minutes Two parts with
teaching English to speakers of other languages. TKT may also
be taken by: 3 teaching and 80 objective
learning process questions
• pre-service teachers
TKT candidates are expected to be familiar with language Sources and text types used in TKT
relating to the practice of ELT. A non-exhaustive list of
Extracts, original or adapted, from the following sources may
teaching terminology is provided in the TKT Glossary, which
feature in TKT:
can be found on our website: www.CambridgeESOL.org/TKT
• ELT coursebooks or supplementary materials
Candidates are not required to fulfil any specific entry
• handbooks on English language teaching and learning
requirements for TKT.
• ELT journals and magazines
• testing materials
4 Te ac h i n g K n o w l e d g e Te s t | ove r v i e w a n d co nte nt
Language and background
to language learning and MODULE 1
teaching
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
No. of questions 80
Answer format For all parts of this module, candidates indicate their answers by shading
the correct lozenges on their answer sheets.
Candidates should use a pencil and mark their answers firmly.
Candidates should use an eraser to rub out any answer they wish to change.
Syllabus
This module tests candidates’ knowledge of terms and concepts common in English language
teaching. It also focuses on the factors underpinning the learning of English and knowledge
of the range and functions of the pedagogic choices the teacher has at his/her disposal to cater
for these learning factors.
Background to Factors in the language learning process, e.g. 2-3 tasks consisting of approximately 15 questions
2 language learning • motivation
• exposure to language and focus on form Tasks include one-to-one matching; 3/4/5-option
• the role of error matching; 3-option multiple choice and odd one out.
• differences between L1 and L2 learning
• learner characteristics, e.g.
– learning styles
– learning strategies
– maturity
– past language learning experience
• learner needs
Background to The range of methods, tasks and activities available to the 4-5 tasks consisting of approximately 25 questions
3 language teaching language teacher, e.g.
• presentation techniques and introductory activities Tasks include one-to-one matching; 3/4/5-option
• practice activities and tasks for language and skills matching; 3-option multiple choice and odd one out.
development
• assessment types and tasks
Te ac h i n g K n o w l e d g e Te s t | mo d u l e 1 : g e n e r a l d e sc r i p t i o n a n d s y l l a b us 5
Part 1
1 This part of Module 1 tests candidates’ knowledge of the terms and concepts common in English
language teaching that are used to describe language and its use, and language skills.
functions • context
• levels of formality
• appropriacy
• a range of functions and their typical exponents
language skills • reading, listening, speaking, writing and their subskills
• features of spoken and written texts, e.g. layout, organisation, accuracy, fluency, authenticity
Part 2
This part of Module 1 tests candidates’ knowledge of factors underpinning the learning of English
by speakers of other languages. It focuses on those learner characteristics which distinguish one
learner or group of learners from another in terms of their learning and those which affect both
what and how a teacher chooses to teach a class or an individual learner. It also tests candidates’
knowledge of aspects of the language learning process and their impact on teaching.
learner needs • the personal, learning and (future) professional needs of learners
6 Te ac h i n g K n o w l e d g e Te s t | mo d u l e 1 : g e n e r a l d e sc r i p t i o n a n d s y l l a b us
Part 3
This part of Module 1 tests candidates’ knowledge of the pedagogic choices the teacher has
at his/her disposal to cater for learner characteristics, learning processes and the differences
1
between L1 and L2 learning. This part also tests knowledge of concepts and terms related to
teaching and learning procedures and activities, including assessment.
types of activities and tasks for • the design and purpose of a range of common comprehension and production tasks and activities
language and skills development • teaching terms, e.g. prompting, eliciting, drilling
• frameworks for activities and tasks
– Presentation, Practice and Production (PPP)
– Task-based Learning (TBL)
– Total Physical Response (TPR)
– The Lexical Approach
– Grammar-Translation
– test-teach-test
– guided discovery
assessment types and tasks • purposes for assessment, e.g. diagnostic, placement, achievement, formative, progress, proficiency
• methods of assessment, e.g. self, peer, portfolio, informal and formal
• the design and purpose of a range of assessment tasks and activities
Te ac h i n g K n o w l e d g e Te s t | mo d u l e 1 : g e n e r a l d e sc r i p t i o n a n d s y l l a b us 7
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Te ac h i n g K n o w l e d g e Te s t | mo d u l e 1 : sa m p l e te s t
9
MODULE 1
Sample Test
10
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MODULE 1
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Te ac h i n g K n o w l e d g e Te s t | mo d u l e 1 : sa m p l e te s t
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MODULE 1
Sample Test
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MODULE 1
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Te ac h i n g K n o w l e d g e Te s t | mo d u l e 1 : sa m p l e te s t
13
MODULE 1
Sample Test
14
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Te ac h i n g K n o w l e d g e Te s t | mo d u l e 1 : sa m p l e te s t 15
Lesson planning and use of
MODULE 2 resources for language teaching
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
No. of questions 80
Answer format For all parts of this module, candidates indicate their answers by shading
the correct lozenges on their answer sheets.
Candidates should use a pencil and mark their answers firmly.
Candidates should use an eraser to rub out any answer they wish to change.
Syllabus
This module focuses on what teachers consider and do while planning their teaching
of a lesson or series of lessons. Teaching in this context is intended also to refer to
assessment. It focuses too on the linguistic and methodological reference resources that
are available to guide teachers in their lesson planning as well as on the range and
function of materials and teaching aids that teachers could consider making use of in
their lessons. Knowledge of any particular book is not required.
Selection and use Consulting reference resources to help in lesson preparation 5-7 tasks consisting of approximately 40 questions
2 of resources
Selection and use of: Tasks include one-to-one matching; 3/4/5-option
• coursebook materials matching; 3-option multiple choice and odd one out.
• supplementary materials and activities
• teaching aids
16 Te ac h i n g K n o w l e d g e Te s t | mo d u l e 2 : G e n e r a l d e sc r i p t i o n a n d s y l l a b us
Part 1
This part of Module 2 tests candidates’ knowledge of the relationship between activities and
aims. It also tests knowledge of ways of sequencing activities within and across lessons in a
2
manner appropriate to particular groups of learners, and of selecting appropriate assessment
activities to build into (a series of) lessons.
planning an individual lesson or • common sequences, e.g. structures, skills, topic, project
sequence of lessons
choosing assessment activities • informal or formal assessment and related tasks and activities
Part 2
This part of Module 2 tests candidates’ knowledge of how to make use of resources, materials and
aids in their lesson planning.
the selection and use of teaching • types of aids and their teaching functions
aids
Te ac h i n g K n o w l e d g e Te s t | mo d u l e 2 : G e n e r a l d e sc r i p t i o n a n d s y l l a b us 17
18
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9< ;?/=>398= 7+>-2 >2/ 6/+<8/< +->3@3>3/= A3>2 >2/ +::<9:<3+>/ >/+-2381 +37= 63=>/.
..3>398+6 7+>/<3+6=
8=A/< =2//> >9 :<+->3=/ ./.?-381 >2/ 7/+8381 90 A9<.= 0<97 -98>/B>
#90> -6/+8 /<+=/<
#90> :/8-36 >C:/ 9< 3= </-977/8./. >9 ./@/69: >2/ =5366= 90 ://< -9<</->398
Te ac h i n g K n o w l e d g e Te s t | mo d u l e 2 : sa m p l e te s t
8=A/< &00 ;?/=>398=
+<5 C9?< +8=A/<= 32 8-* 7*4&6&8* &27;*6 7-**8 %=/ + :/8-36
(9? 7+C A<3>/ 98 >2/ ;?/=>398 :+:/< ,?> C9? 7?=> 7+<5 C9?< +8=A/<= 38 :/8-36 98 >2/ +8=A/< =2//>
(9? A366 2+@/ 89 /B><+ >37/ 09< >23= =9 C9? 7?=> 0383=2 38 98/ 29?< +8. >A/8>C 738?>/= *&62*6 &(8.:.8.*7
> >2/ /8. 90 >2/ >/=> 2+8. 38 ,9>2 >2/ ;?/=>398 :+:/< +8. >2/ +8=A/< =2//>
/+<8/<= -97:6/>/ + 1+:0366 1<+77+< /B/<-3=/ 38 + A9<5,995
/+<8/<= 2+@/ + 1<9?: .3=-?==398 98 + >9:3- 90 >2/3< -293-/
+-2 ;?/=>398 38 >23= :+:/< -+<<3/= 98/ 7+<5
/+<8/<= /B-2+81/ A9<5,995= +8. -2/-5 >2/3< :+<>8/<F= A9<5
/+<8/<= A<3>/ + =>9<C ?=381 A9<.= >2/ >/+-2/< 2+= 4?=> :</=/8>/.
/+<8/<= 038. A9<.= 38 + </+.381 >/B> +8. 7+>-2 >2/7 A3>2 ./0383>398= 13@/8 ,C >2/ >/+-2/<
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
-.7 59*78.32 4&4*6 (327.787 3+ 46.28*) 4&,*7 &2) '0&2/ 4&,*7
9< ;?/=>398= 7+>-2 >2/ >/B>,995 <?,<3-= A3>2 >2/ +->3@3>C +37= 63=>/. 9< ;?/=>398= 6995 +> >2/ =>+1/= +8. +37= 0<97 + 6/==98 :6+8 +,9?> -97:6+38381 $A9 90 >2/
+37= 38 /+-2 =>+1/ +</ +::<9:<3+>/ 8/ 90 >2/ +37= 3= +::<9:<3+>/
+<5 >2/ -9<</-> 6/>>/< 98 C9?< +8=A/< =2//>
+<5 >2/ +37 9< A23-2 3= +::<9:<3+>/ 98 C9?< +8=A/< =2//>
$2/</ 3= 98/ /B><+ 9:>398 A23-2 C9? .9 89> 8//. >9 ?=/
8&,*7 .17
995 +> >2/ >2<// =/8>/8-/= ,/69A $2/8 63=>/8 +8. 7+<5 >2/ A/+5 09<7=
.78*2.2,
9A </+. >2/ =>9<C +1+38 +8. +8=A/< >2/ 09669A381 ><?/0+6=/ ;?/=>398= • #>?./8>= 63=>/8 >9 + -?=>97/<
-97:6+38381 38 + ><+@/6 +1/8>F= >9 -2/-5 =>?./8>=F ?8./<=>+8.381 90 >2/ >+:/
"/+. >2/ =>9<C ;?3-56C +8. >2/8 :?> >2/ 09?< :3->?</= 38 9<./< • #>?./8>= 3./8>30C >2/ :<9,6/7= >9 :<9@3./ + 79./6 90 >2/ >+<1/> 6+81?+1/ 38
7/8>398/. 98 >2/ >+:/ -98>/B>
9 >2/ @9-+,?6+<C ;?3D 38 >/+7= >9 :</>/+-2 >2/ 7/+8381 90 8/A A9<.=
• #>?./8>= -97:+</ +8=A/<= 38
:+3<=
&2,9&,* +3(97
(8.:.8= &.17
• $2/ >/+-2/< 2+8.= 9?> >2/ >9 09-?= =>?./8>=F +>>/8>398 98 >2/ >+<1/>
>9 <+3=/ =>?./8>=F +A+</8/== 90 6/+<8381 =><+>/13/= 6+81?+1/
>+:/=-<3:>
>9 13@/ =>?./8>= :<+->3-/ 38 </+.381 09< =:/-303- 3809<7+>398 >9 13@/ =>?./8>= :<+->3-/ 38 </+.381 09< 13=>
• #>?./8>= 3./8>30C >2/ 6+81?+1/ 90
>9 13@/ =>?./8>= >2/ -2+8-/ >9 :/<=98+63=/ >2/ 6+81?+1/ -97:6+38381 +8. +:96913=381 38 >9 :<9@3./ =>?./8>= A3>2 + </-9<. 90 6+81?+1/
>2/ >+:/=-<3:> 38 -98>/B>
>9 </@3=/ 6+81?+1/ >2<9?12 + 1+7/
Te ac h i n g K n o w l e d g e Te s t | mo d u l e 2 : sa m p l e te s t
$962 3:*6
19
MODULE 2
Sample Test
20
9< ;?/=>398= 7+>-2 >2/ 3809<7+>398 0<97 + 6/==98 :6+8 A3>2 >2/ 6/==98 :6+8 2/+.381= 63=>/.
MODULE 2
Sample Test
6*4&6&8.32 +36 +6**6 46&(8.(*
+<5 >2/ -9<</-> 6/>>/< 98 C9?< +8=A/< =2//>
>9 13@/ =>?./8>= >37/ >9 >2385 90 3./+=
>9 ?=/ 38 >2/ <96/:6+C (9? 8//. >9 ?=/ =97/ 9:>398= 79</ >2+8 98-/
• #>?./8>= =>?.C >2/3< <96/-+<.=
=>?./8> 3= >2/ -97:6+38381
>9 ./@/69: </+.381 -97:</2/8=398
-?=>97/<
=>?./8> 3= >2/ ><+@/6 +1/8> >9 +669A =>?./8>= >9 -2/-5 A3>2 >2/
>/+-2/< A2+> >2/C 2+@/ >9 .9
*7732 40&2 -*&).2,7
Te ac h i n g K n o w l e d g e Te s t | mo d u l e 2 : sa m p l e te s t
9:C 90 >+:/=-<3:> >/+-2/<F= ,995 +8. -9?<=/,995 -+==/>>/
#>?./8>= 7312> 89> A+8> >9 >+65 +,9?> >2/3< -236.299. .?<381 >2/ 6/+.38 =>+1/
$/66 =>?./8>= >9 63=>/8 + =/-98. >37/ +8. +8=A/< >2/ ./>+36/. -97:</2/8=398 ;?/=>398=
3@/ =>?./8>= :<+->3-/ 38 >2/ =?,=5366= 90 :</.3->398 63=>/8381 09< 13=> +8. 63=>/8381 09< =:/-303-
3809<7+>398
#>?./8>= 7+C 89> 589A =/@/<+6 A9<.= 38 >2/ 63=>/8381 /1 A23=:/< ?8309<7 =-+<C
"/.?-/ >/+-2/< >+65381 >37/ +8. 38@96@/ =>?./8>= 79</ /=:/-3+66C A2/8 +8=A/<381 ;?/=>398=
$962 3:*6
9< ;?/=>398= :?> >2/ =>+1/= 90 + </+.381 =5366= 6/==98 :6+8 38 9<./< 9< ;?/=>398= 7+>-2 >2/ =3>?+>398= 38 A23-2 + >/+-2/< =/>= + >/=> A3>2 >2/ </+=98= 09<
+==/==7/8> 63=>/.
+<5 >2/ -9<</-> 6/>>/< 98 C9?< +8=A/< =2//>
+<5 >2/ -9<</-> 6/>>/< 98 C9?< +8=A/< =2//>
$2/ 03<=> =>+1/ 3= .98/ 09< C9? (9? .9 89> 8//. >9 ?=/ 9:>398 +1+38
$2/</ 3= 98/ /B><+ 9:>398 A23-2 C9? .9 89> 8//. >9 ?=/
.89&8.327
$2/ >/+-2/< 2+= + 8/A -6+== 8 >2/ 03<=> .+C 90 >2/ -9?<=/ =2/ =/>= + >/=> A23-2 -9@/<= =97/
6+81?+1/ :938>= =2/ /B:/->= >2/ =>?./8>= >9 ,/ 0+7363+< A3>2 +8. 9>2/<= >2+> =2/ >2385= >2/
=>?./8>= 7+C 89> 589A $2/ =>?./8>= .9 89> :</:+</ 09< >2/ >/=>
$2/ >/+-2/< >/66= =>?./8>= >2/ >3>6/ 90 >2/ =>9<C G E 6981 49?<8/CF
#>?./8>= </+. 09< 13=> >9 =// 30 >2/3< :</.3->398= A/</ <312> +8. >2/ -6+== $2/ >/+-2/< 89>3-/= >2+> 23= 38>/<7/.3+>/ =>?./8>= +</ 7+5381 -+</6/== 73=>+5/= A3>2 ,+=3-
.3=-?== >2/3< +8=A/<= A3>2 >2/ >/+-2/< ;?/=>398 09<7+>398 A23-2 >2/C =29?6. 589A / +889?8-/= >2+> >2/</ A366 ,/ + >/=> 98 >23= >2/
09669A381 A//5 $2/ =>?./8>= 2+@/ >37/ >9 :</:+</ 09< >2/ >/=>
$2/ >/+-2/< 13@/= =>?./8>= -97:</2/8=398 ;?/=>398= >9 </+.
$2/ =>?./8>= +</ 19381 >9 >+5/ + :?,63- /B+738+>398 =998 $2/ >/+-2/< 13@/= >2/7 +8 /B+7:6/
:+:/< >9 .9 ?8./< >/=> -98.3>398=
#>?./8>= ,<+38=>9<7 A9<.= -988/->/. A3>2 49?<8/C=
#>?./8>= </+. 09< =:/-303- 3809<7+>398 $2/ >/+-2/< 7983>9<= =>?./8>= A2/8/@/< >2/C -+<<C 9?> =:/+5381 >+=5= +8. 5//:= 89>/= +,9?>
/+-2 =>?./8>
>9 =29A =>?./8>= 29A A/66 >2/C 2+@/ 6/+<8/. =:/-303- 6+81?+1/
Te ac h i n g K n o w l e d g e Te s t | mo d u l e 2 : sa m p l e te s t
$962 3:*6
21
MODULE 2
Sample Test
22
9< ;?/=>398= 7+>-2 >2/ /B+7:6/= 90 ?83> -98>/8> A3>2 >2/ ?83> 2/+.381= 0<97 + ,995 98 6/B3= 9< ;?/=>398= </+. >2/ .3->398+<C /8><C +>-2 >2/ /B><+->= 0<97 >2/ .3->398+<C /8><C A3>2 >2/
63=>/. 3809<7+>398 >2/C :<9@3./ 63=>/.
MODULE 2
Sample Test
+<5 >2/ -9<</-> 6/>>/< 98 C9?< +8=A/< =2//>
+<5 >2/ -9<</-> 6/>>/< 98 C9?< +8=A/< =2//>
$2/</ 3= 98/ /B><+ 9:>398 A23-2 C9? .9 89> 8//. >9 ?=/
$2/</ 3= 98/ /B><+ 9:>398 A23-2 C9? .9 89> 8//. >9 ?=/
.(8.32&6= *286=
(32:.2(* kWnÇvöns : ) $ 90 * >9 7+5/ =97/98/ -97:6/>/6C -/<>+38 +,9?> =97/>2381
:/<=?+./
<&140*7 3+ 92.8 (328*28 2.8 -*&).2,7 ) 9,4 >2+> *
#?003B/=
8><9.?->398
Te ac h i n g K n o w l e d g e Te s t | mo d u l e 2 : sa m p l e te s t
$2/ .300/</8-/ ,/>A//8 E=97/ /B:/<3/8-/F +8. E+8 /B:/<3/8-/F F7 -98@38-/. >2+> =2/ 3= >/66381 >2/ ><?>2 !+<> 90 =://-2
$9:3-=
/:/8./8> :</:9=3>398
/> ?: <?8 9?> 90 =/> 900 @
//6381= +8. +->398=
#3816/A9<. =C898C7
&9-+,?6+<C +,9?> =-3/8-/ :/<=?+./
3B/. /B:</==398=
!298/73- ><+8=-<3:>398
&+<3/>3/= 90 8163=2
%86/== ,/=3./= +6>29?12 90 &/<, :+>>/<8
$962 3:*6
9< ;?/=>398= -299=/ A23-2 ,995 63=>/. -9?6. 2/6: + >/+-2/< A29 3= 38>/</=>/. 38 >2/ 9< ;?/=>398= 7+>-2 >2/ ?=/= 90 -9?<=/,995 7+>/<3+6= A3>2 >2/ =/;?/8-/ 90 -9?<=/,995
09669A381 >9:3- +</+= +->3@3>3/= 63=>/. 9< 98 >2/ 09669A381 :+1/
+<5 >2/ -9<</-> 6/>>/< 98 C9?< +8=A/< =2//> +<5 >2/ -9<</-> 6/>>/< 9< 98 C9?< +8=A/< =2//>
$2/</ 3= 98/ /B><+ 9:>398 A23-2 C9? .9 89> 8//. >9 ?=/ (9? 8//. >9 ?=/ =97/ 9:>398= 79</ >2+8 98-/
==/==7/8> 3-2+/6 +<<3= +8. !+?6 -+88 +-7366+8 :/<=98+63=/= >2/ >9:3-
/@+6?+>381 >/B>,995=
Te ac h i n g K n o w l e d g e Te s t | mo d u l e 2 : sa m p l e te s t
$962 3:*6
23
MODULE 2
Sample Test
24
9< ;?/=>398= 7+>-2 >2/ >/+-2/<=F -977/8>= A3>2 >2/ </=9?<-/= 63=>/.
MODULE 2
*7396(*7
995 +> >2/=/ A9<.= +8. ><C >9 :+3< >2/7 ?: 38 9::9=3>/= 9< 8/+< 9::9=3>/= $2/C
A366 ,/ ?=/0?6 09< >2/ >+=5= 38 >23= 6/==98 1<+./. </+./<=
039) 59.*8 73+8 92&886&(8.:* .28*6*78.2, 9@/<2/+. ><+8=:+</8-3/=
'*&98.+90 -&6) 23.7= )900 ,*280* <96/-+<.=
8/A=:+:/<=
=>?./8> :9=>/<=
3=>/8 >9 >2/=/ 09?< :/9:6/ '2+> 6+81?+1/= +</ >2/C =:/+5381 =981=
,36381?+6 .3->398+<3/=
</+63+
Te ac h i n g K n o w l e d g e Te s t | mo d u l e 2 : sa m p l e te s t
'2+> 6+81?+1/= .9 C9? 635/ ,/-+?=/ 90 29A >2/C =9?8. :?::/>=
'9<5 A3>2 + :+<>8/< +8. /B:6+38 A2C C9? 635/ >2/7 9 >2/C =9?8. :6/+=+8> +>><+->3@/
=90> 7?=3-+6 />- G $<C >9 ?=/ =97/ 90 >2/ A9<.= 0<97 >2/ 03<=> >+=5
*&(-*67> (311*287
$/+-2/<= 90 C9?81 6/+<8/<= 038. >2/=/ + 199. A+C >9 79>3@+>/ >2/3< =>?./8>= (9?81 6/+<8/<=
-+8 7+5/ >2/3< 9A8 +8. +-> 9?> =>9<3/= ?=381 >2/7
3=>/8 >9 >2/=/ :/9:6/ >+65381 +,9?> 29A >2/C >2385 .300/</8> 09</318 6+81?+1/= $2/=/ -+8 ,/ ,+=/. 98 +?>2/8>3- 7+>/<3+6 ,?> -98>+38 6+81?+1/ >2+> 2+= ,//8 7+./ /+=3/< 09<
=>?./8>= $2/C -+8 2/6: =>?./8>= >9 ./@/69: >2/3< @9-+,?6+<C
=9?8. 9< 29A >2/C >2385 09</318 +--/8>= 38 8163=2 =9?8. +5/ + 63=> 90 >2/
6+81?+1/= +8. +--/8>= +8. A<3>/ .9A8 A2+> >2/ :/9:6/ >2385 +,9?> 29A >2/C
=9?8. $2/=/ -+8 2/6: =>?./8>= >9 ?8./<=>+8. .3003-?6> >/B>=
6+38 /=6/C
#>?./8>= 038. >2/=/ ?=/0?6 ,/-+?=/ >2/C :<9@3./ 3./+= 09< A2+> >9 =+C
2<3= "+@3
98+6. !/>/<
$2/=/ :<9@3./ /849C+,6/ 63=>/8381 :<+->3-/ +8. -+8 +6=9 ,/ ?=/. += >2/ ,+=3= 09< 6+81?+1/
A9<5
$2/C -+8 2+@/ 7+8C .300/</8> ?=/= =?-2 += -9<</->398 0//.,+-5 =/>>381 >2/ =-/8/ +8.
-97:</2/8=398 ;?/=>398=
:?> >2/=/ ?: +<9?8. >2/ -6+==<997 =9 >2+> =>?./8>= -+8 =// >2/3< 9A8 A9<5 98 .3=:6+C
$962 3:*6
Managing the teaching and
learning process MODULE 3
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
No. of questions 80
Answer format For all parts of this module, candidates indicate their answers by shading
the correct lozenges on their answer sheets.
Candidates should use a pencil and mark their answers firmly.
Candidates should use an eraser to rub out any answer they wish to change.
Syllabus
This module tests candidates’ knowledge of what happens in the classroom in terms
of the language used by the teacher or learners, the roles the teacher can fulfil and
the ways in which the teacher can manage and exploit classroom events and interaction.
Classroom Options available to the teacher for managing learners and 5-7 tasks consisting of approximately 40 questions
2 management their classroom in order to promote learning, e.g.
• teacher roles Tasks include one-to-one matching; 3/4/5-option
• grouping learners matching; 3-option multiple choice and odd one out.
• correcting learners
• giving feedback
Te ac h i n g K n o w l e d g e Te s t | mo d u l e 3 : g e n e r a l d e sc r i p t i o n a n d s y l l a b us 25
Part 1
3 This part of Module 3 tests candidates’ knowledge of the functions of classroom language, and how
to adapt teacher language according to its audience and purpose. It also tests candidates’
knowledge of the appropriacy of teachers’ classroom language, how to analyse learners’ language
and categorise learners’ errors.
Part 2
This part of Module 3 tests candidates’ knowledge of the range and function of strategies available
to a teacher for managing classes in ways appropriate to learners and to teaching and learning
aims. These include variety of activity and pace, ways of grouping learners, techniques for
correcting learners’ mistakes and the roles a teacher can fulfil at different stages of the lesson.
correcting learners • methods of oral and written correction, and their appropriacy of use
26 Te ac h i n g K n o w l e d g e Te s t | mo d u l e 3 : g e n e r a l d e sc r i p t i o n a n d s y l l a b us
'4*/*':+
+4:8+ ;3(+8 ;3(+8
'4*/*':+ '3+
58 7;+9:/549 3':). :.+ +>'362+9 5, :+').+89B )2'998553 2'4-;'-+ =/:. :.+/8 ,;4):/549 2/9:+*
# " '81 :.+ )588+): 2+::+8 54 ?5;8 '49=+8 9.++:
2,0.7- +36 4*&/*67 3+ 8-*6 &2,9&,*7 ".+8+ /9 54+ +>:8' 56:/54 =./). ?5; *5 45: 4++* :5 ;9+
!
# &140* *78
'4'-/4- :.+ :+')./4- '4* 2+'84/4- 685)+99 .5;8 3/4;:+9
**/:/54'2 3':+8/'29
49=+8 9.++:
!5,: )2+'4 +8'9+8
!5,: 6+4)/2 :?6+ 58 /9 8+)533+4*+*
92(8.327
.5;8 3/4;:+9 *&(-*67= (0&776331 0&2,9&,*
B3 8+'22? ,;22 B<+ 0;9: +':+4 ' (/- 2;4). 3 .;4-8? 45= 58-'4/9/4- 6'/8=581
+:B9 .'<+ ' 2551 %+9 :.':B9 -8+': 5= :8? :.+ 4+>: 54+ 453/4':/4-
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
-.7 59*78.32 4&4*6 (327.787 3+ 46.28*) 4&,*7 &2) '0&2/ 4&,*7
Te ac h i n g K n o w l e d g e Te s t | mo d u l e 3 : sa m p l e te s t
D #! $962 3:*6
27
MODULE 3
Sample Test
28
58 7;+9:/549 3':). :.+ +>'362+9 5, )2'998553 2'4-;'-+ =/:. :.+ *+9)8/6:/549 2/9:+* 58 58 7;+9:/549 8+'* :.+ ,5225=/4- /49:8;):/549 =./). ' :+').+8 ;9+* =/:. '*;2: +2+3+4:'8?
2+'84+89 !53+ 5, :.+9+ /49:8;):/549 3'? 45: (+ '668568/':+
'81 :.+ )588+): 2+::+8 58 54 ?5;8 '49=+8 9.++:
MODULE 3
Sample Test
':). :.+ /49:8;):/549 =/:. :.+ :8'/4+8B9 )533+4:9 2/9:+*
0&776331 0&2,9&,* 551 ': :.+ :+>: '4* ;4*+82/4+ '22 :.+ <+8(9
Te ac h i n g K n o w l e d g e Te s t | mo d u l e 3 : sa m p l e te s t
$+8+4B: ?5; 2/9:+4/4- 9'/* +>+8)/9+ :.8++ 54B: ='9:+ 3? :/3+
$.':B9 :.+ 9)58+ ".+ -8'33'8 /4 :./9 /49:8;):/54 /9 '(5<+ +2+3+4:'8? 2+<+2
/99 ' :;84 !53+ 5, :.+ 2+>/9 /4 :./9 /49:8;):/54 /9 '(5<+ +2+3+4:'8? 2+<+2
$962 3:*6
58 7;+9:/549 3':). =.': :.+ :+').+8 /9 *5/4- =/:. :.+ 6;8659+9 ,58 ;9/4- :.+ 9:;*+4:9B ,/89: 58 7;+9:/549 8+'* :.+ )54<+89':/54 (+:=++4 :=5 '*<'4)+* 2+'84+89 49=+8 :.+ 7;+9:/549
2'4-;'-+ 2/9:+* 58 '(5;: :.+/8 ;9+ 5, 2'4-;'-+ (? ).559/4- :.+ )588+): 56:/54 58
'81 :.+ )588+): 2+::+8 58 54 ?5;8 '49=+8 9.++: '81 :.+ )588+): 2+::+8 58 54 ?5;8 '49=+8 9.++:
8/9:/4' 8+ ?5; ' -55* 9'/258 '<+ ?5; +<+8 (++4 9+'9/)1
96437*7 +36 97.2, 8-* 789)*287= +.678 0&2,9&,*
'7;+2 %+'. .'<+ (++4 9+'9/)1 54)+ ):;'22? C
'91/4- 9:;*+4:9 :5 9.5= :.+? 145= =.': :5 *5 ,58 .53+=581 $.? *5+9 '7;+2 9:56 ',:+8 9'?/4- A):;'22? CB 2/4+
".+ '*0+):/<+9 A:+88/(2+B '4* A.588/(2+B 2/4+9 '4* 9.5= :.': '7;+2 '4* 8/9:/4' (5:.
Te ac h i n g K n o w l e d g e Te s t | mo d u l e 3 : sa m p l e te s t
$962 3:*6
29
MODULE 3
Sample Test
30
58 7;+9:/549 3':). :.+ :+').+8 '):/</:/+9 =/:. :.+ :+').+8 852+9 2/9:+* 58
*&(-*6 630*7
".+ :+').+8 6;:9 9:;*+4:9 /4:5 -85;69 5, :.8++ ,58 ' 852+62'?
Te ac h i n g K n o w l e d g e Te s t | mo d u l e 3 : sa m p l e te s t
".+ :+').+8 '919 ' 45/9? 9:;*+4: :5 96+'1 358+ 7;/+:2?
$./2+ 9:;*+4:9 =8/:+ ' 9:58? :.+ :+').+8 ='219 85;4* :.+ )2'99 .+26/4- 9:;*+4:9 =.5 3'1+
+88589 58 '91 ,58 4+= =58*9
".+ :+').+8 ='4:9 :5 /*+4:/,? -'69 /4 :.+/8 145=2+*-+ 95 9.+ '919 9:;*+4:9 :5 (8'/49:583
)8/3+ <5)'(;2'8?
".+ :+').+8 *+)/*+9 =./). )5;89+(551 '):/</:/+9 =/22 ,/: /4:5 :.+ :/3+ '<'/2'(2+ ,58 :.+ 2+9954
".+ :+').+8 ,/4*9 ' </*+5 :5 ,/: /4:5 :.+ :56/) 5, :.+ ;4/:
".+ :+').+8 -/<+9 9:;*+4:9 ' 7;+9:/544'/8+ /4 58*+8 :5 ,/4* 5;: 358+ '(5;: :.+/8 2+'84/4-
9:?2+9 '4* 68+,+8+4)+9
58 7;+9:/549 ).559+ :.+ (+9: 56:/54 :5 )5362+:+ +'). 9:':+3+4: '(5;: ='?9 5, -85;6/4- 58 7;+9:/549 3':). :.+ )2'998553 3'4'-+3+4: 9:8':+-/+9 =/:. :.+ 685(2+39 5, -85;6 58
9:;*+4:9 6'/8=581 2/9:+* 58
'81 :.+ )588+): 2+::+8 58 54 ?5;8 '49=+8 9.++: '81 :.+ )588+): 2+::+8 58 54 ?5;8 '49=+8 9.++:
6'/8=581
:+'3 '):/</:/+9
=.52+ )2'99 =581
Te ac h i n g K n o w l e d g e Te s t | mo d u l e 3 : sa m p l e te s t
$962 3:*6
31
MODULE 3
Sample Test
32
58 7;+9:/549 3':). :.+ )2'998553 9/:;':/549 =/:. :.+ )2'998553 3'4'-+3+4: ).5/)+9 2/9:+* 58 7;+9:/549 2551 ': :.+ 9/:;':/549 /4 =./). ' :+').+8 )588+):9 9:;*+4:9 '4* ': :.+ )588+):/54
9:8':+-/+9 2/9:+* 58
MODULE 3
Sample Test
'81 :.+ )588+): 2+::+8 54 ?5;8 '49=+8 9.++: "=5 5, :.+ )588+):/54 9:8':+-/+9 '8+ '668568/':+ /4 +'). 9/:;':/54 4+ 5, :.+ )588+):/54 9:8':+-/+9 /9
'668568/':+
'81 :.+ )588+):/54 9:8':+-? 58 =./). /9 '668568/':+ 54 ?5;8 '49=+8 9.++:
0&776331 7.89&8.327
%5; 45:/)+ :.': 953+ 5, ?5;8 9:;*+4:9 '8+ ;49;8+ '(5;: .5= :5 9:'8: 953+ 6'/8=581 9:;*+4: 9'?9 :.+ =58* A;-;9:B =/:. 6558 6854;4)/':/54 /4 56+4 )2'99 ".+ :+').+8
,:+8 ' 8+'*/4- )5368+.+49/54 :'91 ?5; '91 :.+ )2'99 ,58 :.+ '49=+8 :5 4;3(+8 54+ 5(5*? 9'?9 :.+ =58* )588+):2? '4* '919 :.+ 9:;*+4: :5 8+6+': /:
=8/:+9 :.+ =58* /4 6.54+3/) 9)8/6: 54 :.+ =./:+(5'8*
9'?9 '4?:./4-
'919 :.+ 9:;*+4: :5 9'? :.+ =58* '-'/4 =/:. 45 )588+):/54 '4* :.+4 35<+9 54
%5; 45:/)+ :.': *;8/4- '4 '):/</:? ?5;8 )2'99 5, ?5;4- 2+'84+89 /9 3'1/4- :55 3;). 45/9+
;8/4- ' -85;6 =581 '):/</:? '(5;: :8'<+2 ?5;8 9:;*+4:9 :'21 '(5;: ' */,,+8+4: :56/) 5=+<+8 !:;*+4:9 :+22 9:58/+9 '(5;: :.+39+2<+9 /4 -85;69 5, :.8++ ".+ :+').+8 )588+):9 9:;*+4:9B
:.+? *5 :./9 /4 4-2/9. 2'4-;'-+
%5; 9+: ' :'91 ,58 2/9:+4/4- )5368+.+49/54 ;8/4- :.+ 2/9:+4/4- ?5; 45:/)+ :.': 45 54+ /9 7;/+:2? '9 9.+ /9 354/:58/4- :.+/8 -85;6 9:58?:+22/4-
=8/:/4- :.+ '49=+89 ',:+8 :.+ -85;6 9:'-+ (? ,5);9/4- 54 685(2+39 9.+ 45:+* *5=4 *;8/4- :.+ -85;6 9:'-+
2':+8 =.+4 9.+ '919 :.+ =+'1+8 9:;*+4:9 :5 :+22 :.+/8 9:58/+9 :5 :.+ =.52+ )2'99
%5; 9+: ;6 ' 96+'1/4- :'91 /4 -85;69 %5; 45:/)+ =.+4 ?5; 354/:58 )259+2? :.': :.+ -85;69
Te ac h i n g K n o w l e d g e Te s t | mo d u l e 3 : sa m p l e te s t
9:56 96+'1/4- )5362+:+2?
%5; '8+ :+')./4- ' )2'99 ',:+8 2;4). <+8?54+ /9 92++6? 4 ' )54:8522+* 68'):/)+ +>+8)/9+ 54 :.+ 6'9: )54:/4;5;9 ' 68+/4:+83+*/':+ 9:;*+4: 9'?9 A
*8/</4- *5=4 :.+ 85'* =.+4 /: .'66+4+*B ".+ :+').+8
8'/9+ :.+3 ,58 ;9/4- :.+ 2'4-;'-+ (;: 8+3/4* :.+3 '(5;: :.+ :'91
5 ' A='83+8B '):/</:? =./). -+:9 :.+ 9:;*+4:9 5;: 5, :.+/8 9+':9 : :.+ 9:'8: 5, )2'99 =.+4 9:;*+4:9 '8+ :'21/4- /4 56+4 )2'99 54+ 5, :.+ 2+'84+89 9'?9 A".+
,/23 ='9 /4:+8+9:+*B ".+ :+').+8
5*+2 :.+ '):/</:? ?5;89+2, =/:. ' 9:;*+4: 95 +<+8?54+ ;4*+89:'4*9 =.': :.+? .'<+ :5 *5
#9+ ' 9:8':+-? :.': 9:;*+4:9 8+)5-4/9+ ,58 A:;84/4- *5=4 :.+ <52;3+B +- ' .'4* -+9:;8+ 58 9'?9 A4:+8+9:/4- 58 /4:+8+9:+*B
*8'=/4- 54 :.+ (5'8* 9'?9 A".+8+B9 ' -8'33'8 685(2+3 :.+8+ '8/' $.': '(5;: ?5;8 =++1+4* '99'4B
9'?9 A%5; =+8+ /4:+8+9:+* 95 :.+ ,/23 ='9 &&&&&& B =/:. 8/9/4- /4:54':/54
91 :.+ 9:;*+4:9 :5 )536'8+ :.+/8 =581 =/:. :.+/8 6'8:4+8 :5 -/<+ :.+3 )54,/*+4)+
$962 3:*6
58 7;+9:/549 3':). :.+ ='?9 ' :+').+8 -'<+ ,++*(')1 54 9:;*+4:9B =8/::+4 =581 =/:. :.+ '/39
2/9:+*
".+ :+').+8 3'81+* 9:;*+4:9B =8/:/4- ;9/4- ' )588+):/54 )5*+ ".+4 9.+ -'<+ :.+3 :/3+ /4 :.+
2+9954 :5 /3685<+ :.+/8 =581 =./2+ 9.+ 354/:58+*
".+ :+').+8 -'<+ '4 5<+8'22 -8'*+ ,58 2+::+89 9:;*+4:9 .'* =8/::+4 ,58 .53+=581 + '295 -'<+
:.+3 '4 +>'362+ 2+::+8 :5 2551 ':
".+ :+').+8 ;9+* ' 9?9:+3 5, 93/2/4- '4* 9'* ,')+9 :5 -/<+ 9:;*+4:9 ,++*(')1 54 :.+/8 =8/::+4
=581
".+ :+').+8 45:+* 3/9:'1+9 ,853 9:;*+4:9B =8/::+4 =581 '4* ;9+* :.+9+ :5 68+6'8+ ' 2'4-;'-+
7;/@ =./). 9:;*+4:9 */* /4 :+'39
".+ :+').+8 542? )533+4:+* 54 :.+ )54:+4: 5, 9:58/+9 :.': 9:;*+4:9 .'* =8/::+4
.17
:5 ,5);9 54 )53354 2'4-;'-+ 3/9:'1+9 :.': 3'4? 9:;*+4:9 3'*+ /4 :.+/8 =8/:/4-
:5 /4,583 9:;*+4:9 5, :.+/8 -+4+8'2 685-8+99 /4 =8/:/4- ': :.+ +4* 5, :+83
:5 685</*+ 9:;*+4:9 =/:. ' 35*+2 ,58 9/3/2'8 =8/::+4 =581 /4 :.+ ,;:;8+
:5 /4,583 68/3'8? '-+ 9:;*+4:9 '(5;: :.+/8 685-8+99 /4 ' ,;4 ='?
Te ac h i n g K n o w l e d g e Te s t | mo d u l e 3 : sa m p l e te s t
33
MODULE 3
Sample Test
Each question carries one mark, so the maximum mark for
TKT test administration each module is 80. Candidate performance is reported using
four bands.
Modular structure
Band A candidate at this level demonstrates
TKT has three modules. These can be taken together in one
limited knowledge of TKT content areas
examination session or separately, in any order, over three
sessions.
1
basic, but systematic knowledge of TKT content areas
Entry procedure 2
breadth and depth of knowledge of TKT content areas
Candidates must enter through an authorised Cambridge
ESOL Centre. A list of Cambridge ESOL Examination Centres is 3
available from Cambridge ESOL from the address on page 1. extensive knowledge of TKT content areas
Institutions wishing to become Cambridge ESOL Examination 4
Centres should contact the Centre Registration Unit at
Cambridge ESOL.
See page 45 for a detailed description of each band for each
TKT is available throughout the year. Candidate details must module.
be submitted to Cambridge ESOL at least six weeks prior to
running the session. Please note that more notice may be Notification of results
necessary if candidates have special requirements and
Certificates are despatched to Centres approximately two
therefore need special arrangements (see below).
weeks after receipt of answer sheets by Cambridge ESOL.
Copies of the regulations and more details on entry procedure, Please note that despatch of candidates’ results will be
current fees and further information about this and other delayed if they need special consideration or are suspected of
Cambridge ESOL examinations can be obtained from the malpractice (see page 35).
Cambridge ESOL Centre Exams Manager in your area, or from
Enquiries on results may be made through Cambridge ESOL
the address on page 1.
Centre Exams Managers within a month of the issue of
certificates.
Answer sheet completion
Candidates mark all their answers on OMR (Optical Mark Appeals procedure
Reader) answer sheets, which are scanned by computer in
Cambridge ESOL provides a service to enable Centres to
Cambridge. There is one answer sheet per module, and
appeal, on behalf of candidates, against assessment decisions
candidates must fill in all their answers within the time
that affect grades awarded to candidates, e.g. decisions
allowed for the test.
relating to results and decisions relating to irregular conduct.
A sample OMR answer sheet can be found on page 44 of this
Candidates should first contact their Cambridge ESOL Centre
Handbook, and it is useful for candidates to practise filling in
Exams Manager for advice. Further information about the
an OMR sheet before taking the examination so that they are
appeals procedure can be found at
familiar with the procedure.
www.CambridgeESOL.org/exams/exams-info/
results-information
Computer-based TKT
Grading These are available for candidates with disabilities. They may
include extra time, separate accommodation or equipment,
Each module is free-standing, and there is no aggregate score. Braille versions of question papers, etc. If you think you may
Candidates receive a certificate for each module they take. need special arrangements, you must contact the Cambridge
ESOL Centre Exams Manager in your area as soon as possible
so that the application can be sent to Cambridge ESOL in time
(usually 8 – 12 weeks before the examination, depending on
what is required).
34 Te ac h i n g K n o w l e d g e Te s t | te s t a dm i n is tr at i o n
Special consideration Question paper production cycle
Cambridge ESOL will give special consideration to candidates Pretesting of TKT test material provides Cambridge ESOL with
affected by adverse circumstances before or during an valuable information about candidates’ performance on
examination. Special consideration can be given where an particular tasks. Pretesting is also useful for Centres or
application is sent through the Centre and is made within ten institutions as it gives candidates the opportunity to
working days of the examination date. Examples of acceptable familiarise themselves with TKT task-types under test
reasons for giving special consideration are cases of illness or conditions and to receive feedback on areas of strength and
other unexpected events. weakness. If your Centre or institution would like to be
involved in TKT pretesting, please contact the Pretesting Unit
Malpractice TKT Administrator on + 44 1223 552998 or
TKTpretesting@CambridgeESOL.org
The Malpractice Committee will consider cases where
candidates are suspected of copying, collusion or breaking the
examination regulations in some other way. Results may be
withheld because further investigation is needed or because of Support for TKT candidates
infringement of regulations. Centres are notified if a
candidate’s results are being investigated.
and course providers
General information on TKT, including administration details
and downloadable versions of this Handbook and sample
The production of TKT materials, can be found by visiting
www.CambridgeESOL.org/TKT
Cambridge ESOL is committed to providing examinations of
Course providers and individual candidates can also access
the highest possible quality. This commitment is underpinned
the TKT Glossary on this website.
by an extensive programme of research and evaluation, and by
continuous monitoring of the marking and grading of all Support material for teacher trainers is available on the
Cambridge ESOL examinations. Of particular importance is the Teaching Resources website
rigorous set of procedures which are used in the production www.CambridgeESOL.org/teach/TKT
and pretesting of question papers.
The TKT Course is published by Cambridge University Press in
The production process for TKT is the same as that for the collaboration with Cambridge ESOL. This coursebook provides
Cambridge ESOL language examinations. It begins with the approximately 60–90 hours of classroom-based or self-access
commissioning of materials and ends with the printing of study, and includes practice tasks and tests.
question papers.
Further support is also available in the form of seminar
There are five main stages in the production process: programmes in different countries. Contact Cambridge ESOL
Information for further details by emailing:
• commissioning
ESOLhelpdesk@CambridgeESOL.org
• pre-editing and editing
• pretesting
Commissioning of material
for question papers
Pre-editing and editing
of material
Revision Pretest construction Rejection
Pretesting
Item analysis
Live materials bank
Question paper
construction
Te ac h i n g K n o w l e d g e Te s t | p r o d uc t i o n a n d s u p p o rt 35
Common questions and TKT wordlist
answers This list is indicative only. Other terms may also be used in TKT.
36 Te ac h i n g K n o w l e d g e Te s t | Com mo n q u e s t i o ns a n d a ns w e r s
Summative test Personalise
Test Pick up
True/false questions Processing language
Tutorial Proficient
Silent period
Slip
Background to language learning
Target language culture
Achievable target, goal
Unmotivated
Acquire
Visual learner
Acquisition
Work language out
Attention span
Auditory learner
Autonomous Classroom management
Cognitive (processes) Active role
Confidence Classroom management
Conscious (of) Closed pairs
Demotivate Co-operate
Developmental error Co-operation
Effective Co-operative
English-medium school Discipline
Error Dominant
Expectation Dominate
Expose Energy levels
Exposure Get students’ attention
Factor Grade (language)
First language Group dynamics
Focus on form Interaction patterns
Goals Involvement
Guidance Learning contract
Ignore (errors) Mingle
Independent study Mixed ability
Intensive course Mixed level
Interference Monitor
Interlanguage Nominate
Kinaesthetic learner One-to-one
L1/L2 Open class
Language awareness Open pairs
Learner autonomy Passive role
Learner characteristics Rapport, build rapport
Learner independence Routine
Learner training Seating arrangement
Learning resources Seating plan
Learning strategies Teacher role
Learning style Teaching space
Linguistic
Literacy
Functions
Mature
Appropriacy
Maturity
Appropriate
Memorable
Chunk
Memorise
Colloquial
Mother tongue
Declining, refusing an invitation
Motivate
Enquiring
Motivation
Express
Natural order
Expressing ability
Needs
Expressing intention
Participate
Expressing necessity
Participation
Expressing obligation
Personalisation
Te ac h i n g K n o w l e d g e Te s t | Wo r d l is t 37
Expressing permission Object
Expressing preference Object pronoun
Expressing probability Participle (past and present)
Formal (language) Passive voice
Formality (level of) Past perfect simple and continuous, progressive
Function Past simple and past continuous, progressive
Functional exponent Personal pronoun
Greeting Phrase
Inappropriate Plural noun
Informal (language) Possessive adjective
Informality (level of) Possessive pronoun
Instructing Possessive ‘s’ and whose
Negotiating Preposition
Neutral Present continuous, progressive for future
Predicting Present perfect simple and continuous, progressive
Register Present simple and continuous, progressive
Requesting Pronoun
Speculating Proper noun
Punctuation
Grammar Quantifier
Active voice Question tag
Adjective Reflexive pronoun
Adverb Regular verb
Article Relative clause
Aspect Relative pronoun
Auxiliary verb Reported statement
Base form of the verb Reporting verb
Clause Second conditional
Collective noun Singular noun
Comparative adjective Subject
Compound noun Subject-verb agreement
Conditional Subordinate clause
Conditional forms Superlative adjective
Conjunction Tense
Connector Third conditional
Countable noun Third person
Demonstrative adjective Time expression
Demonstrative pronoun Uncountable noun
Dependent preposition Used to
Determiner Verb
Direct question Verb pattern
Direct speech
First conditional Introductory activities
Gerund, -ing form
Ice-breaker
Grammatical structure
Introductory activity
Imperative
Warm up
Indirect question
Warmer
Indirect speech
Infinitive
Infinitive of purpose Language skills
-ing/-ed adjective Accuracy
Intensifier Authenticity
Interrogative Cohesion
Irregular verb Cohesive
Main clause Coherence
Modal verb Coherent
Noun Context
38 Te ac h i n g K n o w l e d g e Te s t | Wo r d l is t
Discourse Lesson planning
Deduce meaning from context Achieve aims, objectives
Develop skills Aim
Draft Analyse language
Edit Anticipate (language) problems
Extensive listening/reading Arouse, generate interest
Extract Assumptions
Fluency Class profile
Infer attitude, feeling, mood Components (of a lesson plan)
Intensive listening/reading Conduct feedback
Interact Consolidate
Interaction Enable
Interactive strategies Encourage
Key word Encouragement
Layout Feedback
Listen/read for detail Focus on
Listen/read for gist Give feedback
Listen/read for mood Highlight
Note-taking Lead-in
Oral fluency Logical
Paragraph Main aim
Paraphrase Objective
Predict Outcome
Prediction Pace
Process Peer feedback
Process writing Personal aim
Productive skills Pre-teach (vocabulary)
Proofread Procedure
Receptive skills Raise awareness
Re-draft Rationale
Relevance Recycle
Relevant Reflect on teaching
Scan Reinforce
Skill Report back
Skim Scheme of work
Subskill Sequence
Summarise Set a question, task, test
Summary Set the scene, the context
Text structure Specification, to specify (aims)
Theme Stage
Thematic Step
Topic Stimulate (discussion)
Topic sentence Student-centred
Turn-taking Subsidiary aim
Version Syllabus
Teacher talking time
Learners’ mistakes and correction strategies Teacher-centred
Timetable fit
Correction code
Timing
Echo correct
Variety
Finger correction
Vary
Over-application of the rule
Over-generalisation
Reformulate Lexis
Reformulation Affix
Repetition Affixation
Self-correction Antonym
Time line Collocation
Te ac h i n g K n o w l e d g e Te s t | Wo r d l is t 39
Compound Communicative activity
False friend Controlled practice
Homonym Drill
Homophone Extension task
Idiom Filler
Lexical set Freer practice
Lexis Gap-fill
Multi-word verb Guided writing
Part of speech Individual drill
Phrasal verb Information-gap activity
Prefix Jigsaw listening/reading
Suffix Jumbled paragraphs, pictures, sentences
Synonym Label
Less controlled practice
Mind map
Phonology
Open-ended (task)
Connected speech
Picture stories
Consonant
Practice
Contrast
Prioritising
Contrastive stress
Problem solving
Contraction
Project work
Diphthong
Rank ordering
Discriminate
Recall
Distinguish
Restricted practice
Feature
Revise
Identification
Revision
Identify
Role-play
Intonation
Solution
Linking
Solve
Main stress
Substitution drill
Minimal pair
Survey
Phoneme
Swap
Phonemic script
Target language
Phonemic symbol
Task
Phonemic transcription
Task-type
Primary stress
Transformation drill
Rhyme
Visualisation
Rhythm
Visualise
Schwa
Word map
Secondary stress
Sentence stress
Stress Presentation techniques
Strong forms Concept checking
Syllable Concept questions
Unvoiced sound Contextualise
Voiced sound Define
Vowel Definition
Weak forms Elicit
Word boundary Emphasis
Word stress Emphasise
Gesture
Illustrate meaning
Practice activities and tasks
Meaningful
Brainstorm
Mime
Categorisation
Present
Categorise
Presentation
Chant
Teaching strategy
Choral drill
40 Te ac h i n g K n o w l e d g e Te s t | Wo r d l is t
Reference resources Overhead projector (OHP)
Overhead transparency (OHT)
Bilingual dictionary
Puppet
Consult
Realia
Headword
Recording script
Monolingual dictionary
Resources
Phonemic chart
Rubric
Reference materials, resources
Self-access centre
Sticker
Teachers’ and learners’ language in the classroom Supplementary material
Acknowledge Tapescript
Ask for clarification Teacher’s book
Clarify Teaching aids
Convey meaning Textbook
Exchange Transcript
Facial expression Video clip
Filler Visual (aid)
Hesitate Workbook
Model Worksheet
Narrate
Praise
Prompt
Recast
Refer to
Respond
Response
Simplification
Simplify
Terminology
Utterance
Word prompt
Te ac h i n g K n o w l e d g e Te s t | Wo r d l is t 41
MODULE 1 MODULE 2
Answer key Answer key
1 B 36 C 74 H 1 E 37 B 73 I
2 F 37 A 75 E 2 C 38 E 74 A
3 C 38 B 76 C 3 B 39 A 75 G
4 A 39 C 77 F 4 F 40 F 76 D
5 E 40 B 78 A 5 H 41 C 77 C
79 D 6 G 78 F
6 E 41 B 80 B 7 A 42 B 79 B
7 D 42 A 43 A 80 E
8 A 43 C 8 C 44 D
9 F 44 D 9 A 45 I
10 B 45 C 10 H 46 H
46 D 11 G 47 E
11 A 12 B 48 G
12 A 47 D 13 F 49 C
13 B 48 C 14 D
14 B 49 A 50 B
15 B 50 H 15 B 51 F
16 C 51 E 16 C 52 A
52 G 17 B 53 D
17 F 53 F 18 A 54 G
18 A 19 B 55 C
19 C 54 C 20 A 56 H
20 E 55 D
21 D 56 G 21 D 57 H
57 B 22 B 58 A
22 I 58 A 23 C 59 E
23 A 59 F 24 A 60 C
24 G 25 B 61 G
25 H 60 A 26 E 62 F
26 C 61 B 27 C 63 D
27 D 62 C 28 D 64 I
28 F 63 A 29 A
29 B 64 B 65 C
65 B 30 D 66 D
30 D 66 C 31 H 67 A
31 E 32 B 68 D
32 B 67 A 33 C 69 C
33 F 68 B 34 E 70 C
34 C 69 C 35 F 71 B
35 G 70 A 36 G 72 A
71 A
72 C
73 B
42 Te ac h i n g K n o w l e d g e Te s t | a ns w e r k e ys
MODULE 3
Answer key
1 C 33 E 64 C
2 H 34 B 65 E
3 F 35 G 66 D
4 B 36 A 67 A
5 G 37 D 68 G
6 A 38 I 69 F
7 E 39 F 70 B
40 C
8 A 71 C
9 B 41 A 72 C
10 C 42 A 73 B
11 C 43 D 74 B
12 A 44 C 75 C
13 B 45 D
14 A 46 C 76 C
15 C 47 B 77 E
16 B 48 B 78 F
49 D 79 A
17 B 80 D
18 F 50 A
19 A 51 A
20 E 52 C
21 C 53 A
54 B
22 A 55 C
23 C
24 C 56 A
25 B 57 B
26 A 58 A
27 B 59 C
60 B
28 C 61 B
29 A 62 C
30 A 63 A
31 C
32 B
Te ac h i n g K n o w l e d g e Te s t | a ns w e r k e ys 43
TKT
Sample OMR answer sheet
44 Te ac h i n g K n o w l e d g e Te s t | Sa m p l e om r a ns w e r s h e e t
Module 1: Module 2: Module 3:
Language and background to Lesson planning and Managing the teaching and learning
language learning and teaching use of resources process
The candidate demonstrates comprehensive and The candidate demonstrates comprehensive and The candidate demonstrates comprehensive and
accurate knowledge of all areas on the TKT Module 1 extensive knowledge of all areas on the TKT Module 2 extensive knowledge of all areas on the TKT Module 3
syllabus, i.e. language systems and background to syllabus, i.e. lesson planning and use of resources for syllabus, i.e. managing the teaching and learning
language learning and teaching. He/she shows language teaching. He/she shows familiarity with the process. He/she shows familiarity with the full range of
familiarity with the full range of concepts, terminology, full range of concepts, terminology, practices and concepts, terminology, practices and processes tested
BAND practices and processes tested in TKT Module 1, which processes tested in TKT Module 2, which relate to in TKT Module 3, which relate to teachers’ and learners’
4 relate to describing language and language skills, general practice in lesson planning and materials use, language in the classroom and options available for
factors in the language learning process and the range of reasons for carrying out particular activities in the classroom management in order to promote learning.
methods, tasks and activities available to the language classroom, and for using particular resources and The candidate is able to relate existing knowledge to
teacher. The candidate is able to relate existing materials. The candidate is able to relate existing both familiar and unfamiliar classroom situations.
knowledge to both familiar and unfamiliar classroom knowledge to both familiar and unfamiliar classroom
situations. situations.
The candidate generally demonstrates comprehensive The candidate generally demonstrates comprehensive The candidate generally demonstrates comprehensive
and accurate knowledge of areas on the TKT Module 1 and extensive knowledge of areas on the TKT Module 2 and extensive knowledge of areas on the TKT Module 3
syllabus, i.e. language systems and background to syllabus, i.e. lesson planning and use of resources for syllabus, i.e. managing the teaching and learning
language learning and teaching. He/she shows language teaching. He/she shows familiarity with most process. He/she shows familiarity with most of the
familiarity with most of the concepts, terminology, of the concepts, terminology, practices and processes concepts, terminology, practices and processes tested
practices and processes tested in TKT Module 1, which tested in TKT Module 2, which relate to general practice in TKT Module 3, which relate to teachers’ and learners’
BAND 3 relate to describing language and language skills, in lesson planning and materials use, reasons for language in the classroom and options available for
factors in the language learning process and the range of carrying out particular activities in the classroom, and classroom management in order to promote learning.
methods, tasks and activities available to the language for using particular resources and materials. The The candidate is generally able to relate existing
teacher. The candidate is generally able to relate existing candidate is generally able to relate existing knowledge knowledge to both familiar and unfamiliar classroom
knowledge to both familiar and unfamiliar classroom to both familiar and unfamiliar classroom situations. situations.
situations.
The candidate demonstrates basic knowledge of areas The candidate demonstrates basic knowledge of areas The candidate demonstrates basic knowledge of areas
on the TKT Module 1 syllabus, i.e. language systems on the TKT Module 2 syllabus, i.e. lesson planning and on the TKT Module 3 syllabus, i.e. managing the
and background to language learning and teaching. use of resources for language teaching. He/she shows teaching and learning process. He/she shows
He/she shows familiarity with some of the concepts, familiarity with some of the concepts, terminology, familiarity with some of the concepts, terminology,
terminology, practices and processes tested in TKT practices and processes tested in TKT Module 2, which practices and processes tested in TKT Module 3, which
Module 1, which relate to describing language and relate to general practice in lesson planning and relate to teachers’ and learners’ language in the
BAND 2 language skills, factors in the language learning materials use, reasons for carrying out particular classroom and options available for classroom
process and the range of methods, tasks and activities activities in the classroom, and for using particular management in order to promote learning. The
available to the language teacher. The candidate is able resources and materials. The candidate is able to relate candidate is able to relate existing knowledge to
to relate existing knowledge to familiar classroom existing knowledge to familiar classroom situations, familiar classroom situations, and occasionally to
situations, and occasionally to unfamiliar ones. and occasionally to unfamiliar ones. unfamiliar ones.
The candidate demonstrates restricted knowledge of The candidate demonstrates restricted knowledge of The candidate demonstrates restricted knowledge of
areas on the TKT Module 1 syllabus, i.e. language areas on the TKT Module 2 syllabus, i.e. lesson areas on the TKT Module 3 syllabus, i.e. managing the
systems and background to language learning and planning and use of resources for language teaching. teaching and learning process. He/she shows
teaching. He/she shows familiarity with a limited range He/she shows familiarity with a limited range of the familiarity with a limited range of the concepts,
of the concepts, terminology, practices and processes concepts, terminology, practices and processes tested terminology, practices and processes tested in TKT
tested in TKT Module 1, which relate to describing in TKT Module 2, which relate to general practice in Module 3, which relate to teachers’ and learners’
BAND 1 language and language skills, factors in the language lesson planning and materials use, reasons for carrying language in the classroom and options available for
learning process and the range of methods, tasks and out particular activities in the classroom, and for using classroom management in order to promote learning.
activities available to the language teacher. The particular resources and materials. The candidate is The candidate is able to relate existing knowledge to
Te ac h i n g K n o w l e d g e Te s t | ba n d d e sc r i p to r s
candidate is able to relate existing knowledge to able to relate existing knowledge to familiar classroom familiar classroom situations only.
familiar classroom situations only. situations only.
45
Band descriptors
TKT