CHAPTER#7 THERMOCHEMISTRY

SHORT QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS(SMART SYLLABUS)

1.Differentiate between System and surrounding.

Ans; There are following differences.

SYSTEM SURROUNDING
Anything of the universe which is under The portion except the system is called as
observation ,study or analysis surrounding
A reaction between Zinc and H2SO4 acid in a The table above which reaction is proceeding
container is system is an example of surrounding
2.Define State and state function.
Ans; State ; It is the condition of a system which can be changed by a process.
A State function is a macroscopic property of a system which has some definite values for initial
and final states ,and which is independent of the path adopted to bring about a change. Capital
letter is used to denote the symbol of a state function
EXAMPLE ; Temperature ‘T’, Volume ‘V’ are examples
3.Define the following terms
i)HEAT Heat is the quantity of energy that flows across the boundary of system during a
change in its state due to the difference in temperature between system and surrounding .It is
represented by ‘q’
ii)WORK The product of force and displacement is called work i.e W=F×S.Its is measured in
joules in S.I units.
4.What is internal energy?
Ans; The sum of all the possible kind of energies in a system is called internal energy. It includes
kinetic energy (Rotational,translational,vibrational) and Potential energy(Attractive and
repulsive) . It is represented as ‘E’ and unit is joules.
5.What is difference between heat and temperature.

Temperature Heat
The average kinetic energy of a system is The total kinetic energy of a system is called
called as temperature as heat
It is represented by T It is represented by q
6.Prove that Δ E=qv Ans;
According to the first law of thermodynamics 𝜟E = q +w
where w = P𝜟V so
𝜟E = q +P𝜟V if 𝜟V = 0
Δ E=q + P × 0 Δ
E=qv Proved
7.Differentiate between 𝜟H and 𝜟E

𝜟H 𝜟E
It represents the enthalpy(total heat content It represents the internal energy (the sum of
of the system) change of a system all the possible kind of energies)change of
the system
It is measured at constant pressure It is measured at constant volume
8.Define enthalpy of neutralization.
Ans; The amount of heat released when one mole of hydrogen ions H+ from an acid and one
mole of Hydroxide ions OH- from a base react with each other to form one mole of water.

H+ + OH- H2O 𝜟Hn = -57.4KJmol-1

9.State Hess’s law of constant heat summation with an example.

Ans; “If a reaction takes place in several steps at same initial and final conditions ,the overall
energy change is same as reaction in one step”
EXAMPLE Formation of CO2
C + O2 CO2 𝜟H = -393KJmol-1 ( single step )
C + 1/2O2 CO 𝜟H1 = ? 1st step
CO + 1/2O2 CO2 𝜟H2 =-283KJmol-1 2nd step
𝜟H = 𝜟H1 + 𝜟H2
𝜟H1 = 𝜟H - 𝜟H2
𝜟H1 =-393 -(-283)= -110 hence proved

Q;9 Define enthalpy of atomization .

Q;10 Enthalpy of combustion.
Q;11 State Born-Haber’s cycle.
13.Why it is important to mention physical state in thermo dynamical equation?
ANS;As we know that when a reaction proceeds reactants are converted into products.
So,Change in heat also takes place because physical states of reactants and products may
change.Therefore to make equation more informative,physical states are to be mentioned.For
example Na(g) + Cl(g) NaCl(s) ∆H(l)=+787Kjmol-1
Q;14 Burning of candle is a spontaneous process.Justify.
Ans; Yes, is also a spontaneous process.Because we have to once give the flame to the
wick.Then candle keep burning until all of its material has been burnt it is a spontaneous
process.As we knw that a reaction which is started by one time outside assistance.