CS Changing Timesarty people ict ec to now the eet tis of “Theysptwhenitwos dork ordered when twos gh 38,000 ~ 28,0008. People notice that changes inthe weather (the seasons) are connected to changes in the sun, moon, and stars. 0008.0. ‘Chinese, the Maya, and Sumerians develop calendars based on the cyeles of the sun (a year) and the moon (a month), Most people are farmers, Calendars tell them ‘when to plant crops and when their animals will have babies, 2 crane rs 3500.0. Sundials come into use. The simplest sundial is a stick {nthe ground, When the sun shines, the stick casts a shadow. As the sun “moves” from east to west, the shadow moves from west to east, You can tell the time ‘of day by where the shadow is pointing. 1500 BC. People in Egypt and Sumer develop some of the first ‘water clocks, Unlike sundials, water clocks measure time even when it's lonely. conan 3AD.1280 ‘Around this time, Europeans build the first mechanical clock using a verge escapement. A special gear makes the clock tick. Its attached to more gears that move a hand around the clock’s face to count hours. The ticking ist’t perfect, so the clock can be too fast or too slow by as ‘much as an hour every day! ‘Most clocks are machines with an oscillator (something ‘that ticks to mark out equal moments of time) and a ‘eounier (something that counts the ticks) 4 changg Tes ‘he pondutum lok lowezer gain only Seecendelna dey. 1370-1410 European cities build towers with mechanical clocks Inside. Every hour, a bell rung forall w hear. 1686 Dutch scientist Christiaan Huygens invents the pendulum clock. A swinging pendulum moves the clock’s ‘gears evenly ogy tows 51050 Most Americans now have clocks at home, Trains keep exact schedules. Railroad workers earty pocket watches ‘hat dont gain or lose more than 30 seconds in a week. 827 Warren Marrison and IM Horton build the first quartz ‘lock at Bell Laboratories in New Jersey. When an electrical current passes through a quartz crystal, the quarte vibrates at a certain frequency. Quartz clocks tick more evenly than pendulums, 8 Gavgiag ines 1985 ‘An atomic clock is builtin England. fe measures ‘oscillations (vibrations) of light from cesium atoms. ‘The light oscillates even faster than quart erystals _Atomie clocks are the most accurate clocks yer. 19908, ‘The Global Positioning System, or GPS, becomes fully, ‘operational. The GPS isa group of 24 satellites orbiting Earth, They carry atomic clocks and can tell the exact time, Today People rely on internet and cell-phone networks, ‘which need super-precise timing. Atomic clocks keep getting better.