Assignment No. 1

Course: School Administration and Supervision (8616)
Level: B.Ed (1.5 Years) Semester: Spring, 2022
Assignment no. 1
Q.1 Define administration and school administration? Elaborate different levels of

administration with reference to an educational institution.
Ans : Administration occurs in every organization. The basic aim of administration is the need
to get things done for defined objectives to be accomplished. Educational Administration is the
process of bringing men and materials together for effective and functional teaching and learning
in the school.
Educational administration is the study and practice of managing the resources, tasks and
communications involved in running a school. The goal of the administrator is to keep the
school’s overall process flowing smoothly, making decisions that facilitate successful education.
The administrator identifies and articulates a school’s mission and goals and makes them happen
by implementing programs, delegating tasks and allocating resources.
Meaning of Educational Administration
Educational Administration is a discipline within the study of education that examines the
administrative theory and practice of education in general and educational institutions and
educators in particular. The field ideally distinguishes itself from administration and
management through its adherence to guiding principles of educational philosophy.
The concept of educational administration may not be totally different from what we are familiar
with in the concept of administration. Education at different levels has its objectives, the most
important of the objectives that cut across all the levels of education is teaching and learning. It
is the function of the school to produce educated and enlightened human beings who would be
able to contribute positively to the development of the society. This formed the opinion of
Olaniyi (2000) who describes school as a social institution which does not exist in a vacuum. He
said further that a school is a micro-community, existing within a macro community to mould the
habits, interest, attitudes and feelings of children and transmit from one generation to another.
The school also comprises certain personnel i.e. teaching and non-teaching staff as well as the
students. These human resources in the school work with some materials, such as instructional
materials, equipment, and financial resources in order to achieve the objectives of the school.
Different levels of administration with reference to an educational institution

Within Time Click there are several different levels of administration that allow you to spread
the work of administering TimeClick across different departments. Note that all three levels of
administration are accessible with a unique administrative password. Having multiple admin
users makes it easier to split the work among others and ensures the proper tasks are assigned to
the appropriate administrator.
Each of the three administration modes can be open on any of the TimeClick computers by
clicking the administration button, choosing the administration mode you would like to enter and
then typing the password.
The first option is the main administration mode. This administrator will have access to
everything in
the time tracking system. This is where you will add and edit employees? records, modify times,
view
reports, set preferences, and manage your accruals.
Next, you have the Level 2 ? Restricted Administration mode. This will allow anyone with the
appropriate password to view reports and/or modify times if the main administrator allows them
to do
so. By default, the Level 2 administration is only able to view reports in Time Click. You can,
however, allow them to modify times by going into the main administration mode, selecting
preferences then password and misc controls and then check the box that reads allow level 2 and
department supervisors to modify times.
Last, there is a Department Supervisor administration level. Again, like a level 2 administration
you can allow department heads the ability to just run reports or to modify times as well. In order
to allow a department supervisor these administrative capabilities, you will first need to create
the department,
and then set them up as a department supervisor in the administration mode under Departments.
After
you've assigned an employee to be a department supervisor they will be able to access reports
and modify times for employees listed within their department. The department supervisor(s)
will be able to use their employee password to log in to this restricted area.
The 3 Different Levels of Management

Administrative, Managerial, or Top Level of Management. This level of management consists of
an organization's board of directors and the chief executive or managing director. ...
Executive or Middle Level of Management. ...
Supervisory, Operative, or Lower Level of Management.
12-Feb-2020
Q.2 What are the school head’s responsibilities as an administrator? Visit any
Secondary school and with the consultation of head teacher prepare a list of school records
maintained in a school.
Ans :
School Administrators oversee
What is a School Administrator?
administrative tasks in schools, colleges or other educational institutions. They ensure that the
organization runs smoothly and they also manage facilities and staff.
What does a School Administrator do?
The duties of school administrators may vary depending on the size and type of school they work
in. For example, school administrators in small day care centers (where they may be the only
member of the administrative team) have different scope of responsibility than at a large college
(where they may specialize in a specific area). Generally though, School Administrators manage
budgets, handle logistics and act as a point of reference for everyone in the school.
School Administrator responsibilities include:
Coordinating all administrative processes.
Managing budgets, policies and events.
Resolving conflicts or other issues as they occur.
What are the qualities of a School Administrator?
School Administrators are capable planners, possess good judgment, and are skilled in handling
relations with various people (staff, parents, students, regulatory bodies and the public). A great
School Administrator also has an attention to detail and conflict management skills.
1. The School Calendar
The school calendar is a mirror where the probable dates of various events and activities to be
done during the coming session are reflected. It is usually prepared at the beginning of each
academic session. It should contain the following Stems of information.
(i) Information about the general, local and gazette holidays.
(ii) Dates for the submission of monthly, quarterly, holidays and annual reports and returns.
(iii) Dates of monthly, quarterly and annual examinations.
(iv) Dates of the meetings of the school and faculty committees, Teachers’ Associations,
different societies, school excursions and educational tours, school tournaments etc.
(v) Dates of important school functions like the annual prize day, the parents day, (he U.N.O.
day, Independence Day, Republic Day, Birthday of eminent persons etc.
2. Log Book:
The Log Book is specifically designed for the purpose of containing remarks of the school
inspector or other important officers of the education department, who pay an official visit to the
school. But it should not be confined to the remarks of the inspecting officers only. It should
contain a complete record of the important events that occur during the session. It should also
contain the history of the school of a particular year.
3. Admission Register:
It is a record of all the pupils who arc admitted to a school. According to departmental rules, the
admission register is to be preserved permanently in the school. Therefore, it is essential that it
should be got specially bound and kept in safe custody. It is to be free from mistakes because this
register is at times required by superior authorities in a court of law as an evidence for the date of
birth of the pupils. The admission register should contain the following items.
(i) The serial number and name of the pupil.
(ii) His father’s name, caste, occupation and address.
Q.3 It is important to identify the task areas of the educational administrator. What are
the main task area of educational administrator?
Ans ;
An educational administrator ensures a safe and productive learning environment for the
students and faculty at their institution. Budgets, logistics, schedules, disciplinary actions,
evaluations, and public relations fall under the purview of educational administrators.
Faculty expectations in teaching, research/scholarship, and service and citizenship are described
above in Section V. The educational administrative roles cataloged here are over and above
typical citizenship activities and the only roles for which there is associated salary coverage for
faculty. The percent salary coverage listed for each role are maximums and prorated if the duties
of a role are shared. Not all roles will be filled at all times depending on the needs of the School.
The Associate Deans for Education and Research and Faculty Advancement oversee faculty
administrative roles.
Quality assurance in education is a critical process that includes promoting innovation in
teaching and learning including, but not limited to, synchronous and asynchronous online
teaching and novel uses of technology to enhance in-person teaching and learning, continuous
quality improvement of teaching and learning including the development, collection and analysis
of appropriate performance metrics, and building a culture of excellence in teaching that rewards
the best and supports the rest. It also includes on-boarding of new primary and adjunct faculty,
ongoing training and support for teaching faculty including programs such as peer coaching.
These activities are best managed within departments. The work could be taken up by the chair,
associate chair, allocated to a faculty member, managed by program staff or some combination.
A. Associate chairs
Associate chairs work closely with their respective department chairs in all aspects of leadership
and management of department faculty and staff in advancing the mission of the school and the
department. The particular mix of responsibilities may vary depending on the agreement between
the chair and associate chair regarding how to best meet the needs of their particular department.
The responsibilities of associate chairs include assisting the department chair in duties as
assigned, and may include the following:
meeting with chair regularly to manage strategic initiatives and operational priorities including
personnel, space and infrastructure
faculty and staff recruitment, mentoring and retention
supporting faculty in appointment and promotion
constituting and managing school-wide and departmental committees
overseeing the administration and governance of educational programs within the department
overseeing and expanding the department research agenda and portfolio
managing departmental events
developing and implementing strategies for communication and research translation
representing the department at events within and outside of the school
working with departmental and central staff on course rotations and additional instructional
support requests
leading new initiatives in education, research/scholarship and practice at the chair’s request
managing administrative tasks for the department
preparing nominations of faculty, staff and students for awards
serving as acting chair when the chair is unavailable
providing periodic reports on department functions, as requested
Associate chair(s)
20% FTE per department, allocated to one or more to perform associate chair duties
B. Program directors
Program directors oversee graduate studies within a degree program (PhD, DrPH, MA, MS,
MPH). Working with program faculty, department and SPH leadership, the director shares
responsibility for managing and improving graduate education within a program. The
responsibilities include:
overseeing the administration and governance of graduate studies within the program
participating in Accepted Student Days, Prospective Student Information Sessions, and other
recruitment and yield events (expected of all faculty as part of service and citizenship)
overseeing admissions to the program (except MPH and MS PHR admissions which are handled
by an Admissions Committee comprised of faculty from all departments)
serving as a point of contact for graduate students enrolled in the program
acting as the liaison among the graduate students, program faculty, and SPH administration
serving as the program’s representative on SPH governance committees, as appropriate
identifying and managing funding opportunities for students, as appropriate
communicating relevant matters to the program faculty or its committees as needed; informing
the faculty of policies and deadlines, as appropriate; and forwarding recommendations,
nominations, and other information from the faculty to the appropriate SPH and university
administrators
receiving, reviewing, and monitoring the progress of student applications and petitions
adjudicating requests for transfer credit and waivers (in consultation with appropriate faculty)
orienting and advising graduate students with respect to program and degree requirements until a
permanent adviser is selected and assist in that selection as necessary
ensuring compliance with accreditation requirements
submitting curricular changes to the Education Committee for approval
approving program requirements for annual bulletin deadlines
reviewing teaching schedules to ensure availability of course offerings
enforcing policies and regulations of the university, SPH and the degree program
overseeing maintenance of student program records and regular student evaluation processes
(including following up on student issues identified by the Satisfactory Academic Progress
committee, as appropriate)
providing periodic reports on the program to SPH as requested
The MPH director is additionally responsible for serving as the point of contact for the stand-
alone certificate in Public Health, the Executive MPH and the part-time student organization, and
for overseeing requirements for certificates, course scheduling, the practicum and the integrated
learning experiences. The director is a standing member of the Education Committee.
The MPH dual degree director is responsible for managing dual degree programs (MD/MPH,
JD/MPH, MBA/MPH, MSW/MPH, MS/MPH), and for working closely with faculty and staff in
partner schools to create opportunities for collaboration. The director is additionally responsible
for working with the MPH director, program faculty, departments across the University, and
SPH leadership. The director is a standing member of the Education Committee.
Q.4 Explain the central bodies of educational that play important role in administration.
Brief outlines of the eight functions of educational administration in general perspective are
discussed in this article.
1. Development of Human Personality:
As educational administration is a process of human relationship it is much more influenced and
controlled by the various factors that are essential for having smooth administration of an
educational programme. These are: philosophical, psychological, sociological, historical and
political.
So it is necessary to highlight here that educational administration is different from other types of
administration as it considers every human resource as an asset and valuable potential through
which the development of their personality as well as of the programme will be ensured. So
development of human personality should be the first and foremost function of educational
administration.
2. Provide and Ensure Proper Utilisation of Human and Material Resources:
Before organizing any educational programme it should be the first task and responsibility of the
educational authority to involve and activate all the human resources who are directly or
indirectly linked and involved in this process. Because due to their activeness and readiness they
would be able to utilize the material resources properly. For this purpose it is the responsibility
of educational administration to see that all the parts are co-ordinated into a whole.
3. To Make the Learner Active in the Educational Programme:
It is an established fact in the modern educational theory and practices that the child or educand
is the central figure of every educational programme. To actualize this it should be the
responsibility of educational administration to frame rules for admission and promotion for the
students. Besides this, there must be description for the children or students in accordance of
their variety of needs, requirements, capacities and demands and implement them accordingly in
a socially desirable and acceptable manner.
4. Provide Adequate Physical Facilities:
The educational administration has to pay deep insight with the problems of provision and
maintenance of the school plant, equipment’s, play materials, library, hostel building and other
co-curricular activities etc. Because without this facility the administration of any educational
programme will never be a successful one.
5. To Adhere the Legal Provision of the Programme Strictly:
It is an as usual practice that a set of rules and regulations have been strictly framed for every
programme in the joint venture of the competent authorities and the legal advisors dealing in the
concerned field. The same situation occurs in the field of educational administration.
6. Decision Making In Respect of Finance:
It has been revealed from the research findings of a noted economist that the educational system
must contribute to national economy by improving human and material resources in the long run.
Q.5 What is the difference between the administrative structure of public/government

and private schools. Explain the function of an educational administrative office.
Ans ;
Public administration deals with public policies, state affairs, government functions, and
providing of various services to the general public; but private administration deals with the
management and operations of private organizations usually business entities.
Public administration is the specialized branch of administration and deals with public policies
and programs, government functions, and providing of various services to the general public.
Public Administration is both a discipline and an activity. Public Administration as a discipline
or field of study covers the multi-disciplinary subjects or areas of study like planning, budgeting,
organizing, staffing, controlling, directing, and various other theoretical aspects related to the
execution of the public policies and programs. Public administration covers various branches of
the government namely executive, legislative and judicial, and their interrelationships. It has sub-
branches of study like financial public administration, development public administration etc.
As an activity, Public Administration performs various functions like administering public
services, social security services, welfare services; management of government organizations and
undertakings; regulation and control of private activities and enterprises; and so on.
Public administration is typically carried out by the non-political organized public bureaucracy
that functions within a well-defined legal and regulatory framework. It is based on the principles
of uniformity, service motive, and external control and it is usually carried out on a continuous
basis.
What is Private administration?

Private administration refers to the management of private organizations usually business
entities. It is carried out by the private individuals or a group with an aim to earn profits usually.
Private administration is a business or commercial activity of non-political nature and it involves
various types of activities and management processes like planning, production, marketing,
financing, controlling, coordinating and etc.
Private administration is related with the management theories and processes. It focuses on the
achievement of the objectives of the management of the organization, efficiencies, private
benefits and maximization of shareholders’ wealth.
Definition of Public vs. Private administration

Public administration deals with public policies, state affairs, government functions, and
providing of various services to the general public; but private administration deals with the
management and operations of private organizations usually business entities.
Scope in Public and Private administration
Public administration operates in the governmental set-up; while private administration operates
in the non-governmental set-up.
Nature of Public and Private administration
Public administration is closely related with the political process and often conducts itself as a
part of the larger political process; while private administration concentrates on the commercial
and business activities.
Coverage
Public administration usually covers all the territory within the jurisdiction of the government or
a nation; while private administration may cover the multi-country operations or activities of an
organization spread over a number of national jurisdictions, or only a very small office.
Timing
Public administration is usually carried out on continuous basis; while private administration is
basically carried out on periodic basis.
Approach in Public and Private administration
Public administration has a bureaucratic approach; whereas private administration usually has an
egalitarian approach.
Type of Activities
Public administration involves numerous types of public services and governmental activities;
while private administration may involve only with a limited set of activities as private
organizations function on the basis of division of labor or core competency.
Orientation
The public administration is welfare oriented and works with a service motive; whereas the
private administration is typically profit oriented.
Objective
Objective of public administration is to provide the best service to the public at large; while
objective of private administration is shareholders’ wealth maximization.
Scope Determination
The scope of public administration is determined by the government laws or regulations; while
the scope of private administration is determined by the management of the organization.
Legal Status
Public administration is subjected to many laws and regulations along with a focus on
transparency and equal treatment; but private administration is subjected to less number of laws
and has permissible levels of discretion and differential treatment to the customers or clients.
Authority
Public administration has considerable authority and power over the public and territories; but
private administration has little authority or very limited authority related to the specific
activities and employees of the organization only.
Decision Making
Decision making in the public administration is typically pluralistic, transparent and subject to
public scrutiny; but decision making in the public private administration is monopolistic,
discretionary and often secretive.

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Course: School Administration and Supervision (8616)

Level: B.Ed (1.5 Years) Semester: Spring, 2022

Q.1 Define administration and school administration? Elaborate different levels of

Different levels of administration with reference to an educational institution

The 3 Different Levels of Management

Q.5 What is the difference between the administrative structure of public/government

What is Private administration?

Definition of Public vs. Private administration

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