Q1. What will happen when silver chloride kept in sun light?

Write the reaction.

Answer: When silver chloride is exposed to sunlight, it decomposes
into silver and chlorine gas.

Q2. Write the balanced chemical equation for following

reactions:-
(a) Zinc + silver nitrate ------------------→zinc nitrate + silver
(b) Aluminium + copper sulphate ------------------→ aluminum
sulphate + copper
Answer:

a) Zn + 2AgNO3 Zn(NO3)2 + 2Ag

b) 2Al + 3CuCl2 2AlCl3 + 3Cu
Q3. . A brown coloured substance ‘X’ is heated in presence of oxygen
it will turn into black coloured substance ‘Y’ Identify the ‘X’ and ‘Y’.
Write the balanced chemical equation of above statement.

Answer: The brown coloured metal is copper. Hence ′X′ is copper and
the black coloured compound formed is Copper oxide.
The reaction involved is: 2Cu(s) +O2(g)→2CuO(s)

Q4. Identify the oxidation reduction reactions, the substance which is

oxidized and reduced in the following:

(a) 3MnO2 + 4 Al ------------------→3Mn + 2Al2O3

(b) Fe2O3 + 3CO------------------→ 2 Fe + 3 CO2

MnO2has been reduced to MnCl
MnO2has been reduced to MnCl
Answer:
(a) 4AI is oxidized and 3MnO2 is reduced.
(b) 3CO is oxidized and Fe2O3 is reduced.
Q 5 .Answer the following questions:

(a) Zn librates hydrogen gas when reacted with HCl, whereas copper
does not. Explain why?

Answer: Zinc reacts with hydrochloric acid to liberate Hydrogen gas

as it is more reactive than Hydrogen and hence, displace it. Copper
is less reactive when compared to Hydrogen and hence cannot
displace it. Hence, Zinc liberates hydrogen gas when reacts with
dilute hydrochloric acid, whereas copper does not.

(b) Why do the articles turn black when kept in the open for a few
days? Write the reaction.

Answer: Formation of black substance: Silver sulfide is actually

formed when the H 2 S gas present in air slowly reacts with the
Silver which is present in the silver article makes it look black in
color. So, the layer of Silver sulfide which is deposited on the
metal's surface is black in color.

(c) Identify the type of reactions:

(1) TiCl4 + 2Mg ------------------→ Ti + 2MgCl2

= Displacement reaction

(2) 3 MnO2 + 4Al ------------------→3Mn + 2 Al2O3

= Redox reaction

(3) Fe2O3 + 3CO------------------→ 2 Fe + 3CO2

= Redox reaction

Q6. Name any two products obtained in chlor-alkali process.

Answer: Chorine and Sodium Hydroxide
Q7. What is meant by the term pH of a solution?
Answer: The pH of a solution is a measure of hydrogen ion
concentration in it.
Q8. A metal salt ‘X’ is blue in colour. When salt is heated strongly,
then water present in it is eliminated and White coloured Z is left
behind. Write its chemical formula and common name of substance X.

Answer: Solution. Copper sulphate crystals are blue and have the
chemical formula CuSO4.5H2O. When copper sulphate crystals are
heated strongly, they lose all the water of crystallisation and form
anhydrous copper sulphate , which is white.

Q 9. Dry HCl does not change the colour of dry litmus paper. Give
reason for it.

Answer: The colour of litmus paper changes only in the presence of

ions like hydrogen (H+) or hydronium (H3O+) ions. HCI can produce
these ions only in the form of aqueous solution. Hence dry HCI gas
does not change the colour of dry litmus paper.
Q10. An element is good conductor of electricity, hard and highly
ductile. Under which category would you classify this element? What
other characteristics do you expect the element to possess?

Answer: the given element which is sonorous and highly ductile can
be classified as a metal. Metals: Metals are the elements that are
electropositive in nature i.e.; they have a tendency to lose electrons
easily. The given metal is expected to possess all the other general
physical and chemical properties of metals.

Q11. Describe the electrolytic refining of copper. Draw the well

diagram for it

Answer: Electrolytic refining of copper:

In the electrolytic purification of copper, impure copper is made into

an anode and a thin line of pure copper is made into a cathode, a
copper solution is used as an electrolyte.

When the current passes through the electrolyte, the pure metal from
the anode melts into an electrolyte.

• An equal amount of pure metal from the electrolyte is inserted into

the cathode.

Soluble impurities enter the solution, whereas, soluble impurities

settle t the bottom of the anode and are known as anode mud.
• The following reactions occur at anode and cathode:

At anode: Cu(s) → Cu²+(aq) + 2e- At cathode: Cu2+(aq) + 2e- → Cu(s)

Electrolytic refining of copper takes place using apparatus shown

below:
Q12. What happens when on Zn granules are treated with CuSO4?
Write the balanced chemical reaction. Identify the substance which is
oxidized and reduced in this process..

Answer: A color change from blue to colorless indicates this. The color
of CuSO4 solution is blue, while ZnSO4 the solution is colorless. The
chemical equation of the reaction, Zn + CuSO4 → ZnSO4 + Cu.

Q13. Name any two substances having pH more than 7 and less than 7
each.

Answer: Solutions having pH values above 7: solution of washing soda

and toothpaste (They turn red litmus paper blue), Solutions having pH
values less than 7: Lemon juice, Vinegar and stomach juices (they turn
blue litmus paper red)

Q14. A substance obtained by the action of chlorine on dry slaked

lime. Its chemical formula will be: (a) Na2CO3 (b) NaOH (c) CaCl2 (d)
CaOCl2

Answer: The correct answer is Bleaching powder. Explanation: The

chemical formula for bleaching powder is CaOCl2

Q15. A compound ‘X’ is used in fire extinguishers and as an antacid.

Identify the compound ‘X’. Write its chemical formula and common
name.

Answer: Sodium bicarbonate is a chemical compound that is used in

both fire extinguishers and antacids. Sodium bicarbonate, commonly
known as baking soda, is a chemical compound with the formula. It is
a salt made of a sodium cation and a bicarbonate anion.

Q16. What happens when nitric acid is added to an eggshell?

Answer: Nitric acid combines with calcium carbonate, which is already
present in the egg-shell, to produce calcium nitrate, as well as water
and carbon dioxide gas. This reaction takes place when egg-shell is
added to nitric acid. Lime water becomes milky as a result of the
production of carbon dioxide gas from this process.

Q17. An element is good conductor of electricity, hard and highly

ductile. Under which category would you classify this element? What
other characteristics do you expect the element to possess?

Answer: the given element which is sonorous and highly ductile can
be classified as a metal. Metals: Metals are the elements that are
electropositive in nature i.e.; they have a tendency to lose electrons
easily. The given metal is expected to possess all the other general
physical and chemical properties of metals.

Q18. What are the difference between roasting and calcinations?

Answer: Roasting involves the heating of ore lower than its melting
point in the presence of air or oxygen. Calcination involves the
thermal decomposition of carbonate ores. Roasting is carried out
mostly for sulfide minerals. During calcination, moisture is driven out
from an ore.

Q20. What is ethanol? Draw the structure of ethanol molecule.

Answer: Ethanol, also known as ethyl alcohol and abbreviated as

EtOH, is a colorless, volatile, and flammable liquid that is soluble in
water. Its chemical formula is C2H6O, or can be written as C2H5OH or
CH3CH2OH. It has one methyl (-CH3) group, one methylene (- CH2-)
group, and one hydroxyl (-OH) group.
 H H
H C C OH
H H

How does ethanol behave with the following:

(a)Sodium

Answer: Ethanol reacts with sodium leading to the evolution of

hydrogen and sodium ethoxide. The reaction occurs as follows: 2Na(s)
+ 2CH3CH2OH(aq) →2CH3CH2ONa(aq) + H2(g)

(b) Excess of conc. sulphuric acid at 443 K.

Answer: Ethene is formed when ethanol at 443 K is heated with an

excess of concentrated sulphuric acid. The role of sulphuric acid in this
reaction is: Q. When ethanol is heated with excess of concentrated
sulphuric acid at 170 oC, it gets converted to ethene.