Unit 5A

Expressing movement
To express movement, it is necessary to use a verb of movement,
e.g., go, come, run, walk, etc. and a preposition (or adverb) of
movement, e.g., up,down,away, etc.

EXAMPLES

Here are some more example sentences showing prepositions of

movement in context:

● Ethan Hunt came into the room and took his gun out of his
pocket.
● She walked around the table and moved toward the
window.
● They saw someone running away from the school, past a
bus and towards the road.
● They went up on to the ceiling.
● The dog jumped off the balcony and ran over the fence
before I could stop him.
● The convicts squeezed through the window, ran across the
grass and escaped under the fence.
● Logan and Tiare walked up the hill. Pretty soon they were
tumbling down the hill.
● Did you walk here from school?
● They didn't go to college yesterday.
 PREPOSITIONS

into the box out of the box around the box away from the
box

toward the box past the box on to the box off the box over the box
 PREPOSITIONS

through across the

Under
bridge

up the stairs down the stairs


● march /to walk with the same movement and speed
● walk /to move forward putting one foot in front of the
other
● run / to move forward, faster than walking
● crawl /to move on hands and knees
● tiptoe/ walking without putting your heels on the floor
● drag /to pull something along the ground or surface
● push /when you make something go away from you by
using force
● jump /when push yourself off the ground
● leap /when you jump a long distance from one place to
another
● hop /when you move jumping on one foot
● skip /when you jump up and down over a rope
● hit /when an object is touched using force
● stretch
● lift /when you move an object to a higher position
● put down /when something or someone is placed on a
surface
● dive /when you jump head-first with your arms straight
above your head
VERBS
● lean /to put one thing so that another supports it so
that it does not fall
● sit /when you acquire a posture that consists of resting
with the lower part of your body supported on a seat
● squat /when you bend your knees to be closer to the
floor
● bend /when you lean your upper body forward or
backward
● pick up /when you lift something that is on a surface
● hold /when you carry something with your hands
● carry / when you hold something with your hand so it
doesn't touch the ground
● slap | hit /it is a small blow to the cheek given with the
palm of the hand
● punch /when you hit another person very hard
● kick /when you hit something hard using your foot
● catch /when you catch an object that is moving
towards you
● throw /is when an object is forcefully pushed to move
from one point to another
● pull /when you move something from its place towards
you
PRACTICE & follow the instructions below…

Fill the gap using the correct word from the those in brackets.

1. Exercise Prepositions

a) The cat ran the table to hide. (through / in / under)

a) The kids ran the garden to play. (into/ onto / over)

a) The cruise sailed the world. (round / though / over)

a) The car went the tunnel. (over/ through / onto)

a) The picture fell the floor. (into / onto / round)

a) He broke his leg when he fell the stairs. (off/ in / down)

a) Thieves made a mistake when they ran the policeman (towards / under / onto)

a) Mom was tired after walking the hill. (through / into / up)

a) When the place arrived at my destination I got . (into / onto / off)

a) The dog jumped the fence. (over / under / down)

 Unit 5B

Word order of Phrasal Verbs

 PHRASAL VERBS
In terms of word order; there are two main types of phrasal verb:
separable and inseparable.

GRAMMAR PART SEPARABLE

Look at these examples to see how phrasal verbs are used. With separable phrasal verbs, the verb and particle can be apart or
together.
● This is the customs declaration form. Please can you fill it in?
● Why are you bringing that argument up now? They’ve called the conference off.
● Detectives are looking into connections between the two They’ve called off the meeting.
crimes.
● We need to come up with some suggestions for the new However, separable phrasal verbs must be separated when you use a
project. pronoun.

The conference? They’ve called it off.

Phrasal verbs are very common in English, especially in more Here are some common separable phrasal verbs:
informal contexts. They are made up of a verb and a particle or,
sometimes, to particles. The particle often changes the meaning of ● He didn't want to bring the situation up at the meeting.
the verb. (bring up / start talking about a particular subject)
● Please can you fill this form in?
Example. (fill in / write information in a form or document)
● She’ll pick you up from the station at 8 p.m.
I called Florence to see how she was. (call=to telephone) (pick up / collect someone in a car or other vehicle to take
They’ve called off the conference. (call off= to cancel) them somewhere)
● She turned the job down because she didn’t want to move to
Shanghai.
(turn down / to not accept an offer)
 WITH TWO PARTICLES

NON-SEPARABLE
Some phrasal verbs cannot be separated.
Who looks after the children when you’re at work?
Phrasal verbs with two particles are also inseparable. Even if you
use a pronoun, you put it after the particles.
Who came up with that idea?
(come up with / think of an idea or plan)

Even when there is a pronoun, the verb and particle remain together.
Who looks after him when you’re at work?
Here are some common non-separable phrasal verbs:
Let’s get rid of these old clothes to make more space.
(get rid of / remove or become free of something that you don’t want).
I didn’t really get on with my stepfather when I was a teenager.
(get on with = like and be friendly towards someone).

● I came across a dress that I hadn’t worn in years while I had to put up with your insults for over 10 years. This is over!
cleaning my room. (put up with / tolerate something difficult or annoying)
(come across / to find something by chance)
● The ugly duckling turned into a beautiful swan. The concert’s on Friday. I’m really looking forward to it.
(turn into / become) (look forward to / be happy and excited about something that is going
● It took months for her to get over the death of her husband. to happen)
(get over / recover from something)
● The committee is aware of the problem and they are looking
into it.
(look into / investigate)

Some multi-word verbs are inseparable simply because they don’t take
an object.

She get up at 8 a. m.
EXAMPLES A phrasal verb is a combination of words (a verb + a preposition or verb + adverb) that when used
together, usually take on a different meaning to that of the original verb.

1. Be sure to put on a little lipstick before you go.

2. We left out the trash for pickup.
3. You deserve this this trip, so you are gonna get on that plane.
4. We’ll have to think up a better story to tell paparazzi.
5. This is working out on the way we planned.
6. We’re going to have to put off our meeting until next week.
7. Stand up to share your thoughts with all the class.
8. Even Duchess of Sussex doesn’t wake up in the morning glamorous.
9. Take off your shoes before you walk in.
10. My dog likes to break out of his kennel to chase squirrels.
 TRANSITIVE PHRASAL VERBS INTRANSITIVE PHRASAL VERBS
(Need an object) (Cannot have an object)
WORD ORDER OF PHRASAL VERBS My car broke down this morning.
I’m looking for my keys.
1. What time do you get up? Transitive direct Intransitive
I don’t usually go out during the week. phrasal verb object phrasal verb
1. Put on your jacket. Put your jacket on. Put it on. You look for something (an
object). You cannot have an object after
Turn off the music. Turn the music off. Turn it off. an intransitive phrasal verb.
1. I’m looking for my keys. What are you looking for? My (in this case the phrasal verb break down)
Have you found your keys? No, I’m still looking for them. keys.
You cannot just say “I’m looking You cannot “break down
for” something”
(incomplete-incorrect)
● A phrasal verb = verb + particle (preposition or adverb), e.g.
You need a direct object when Another example:
get up, turn on, look for.
using a transitive phrasal verb. I grew up in Ireland.
1. Some phrasal verbs don’t have an object, e.g. get up, go
out. intransitive phrasal verb

2. Some phrasal verbs have and object and are separable.

With these phrasal verbs you can put the particle (on, off, Phrasal Verbs that are Transitive and Intransitive
Some verbs can be transitive in one sentence and intransitive in another.
etc.) before or after the object.
● When the object is a pronoun (me, it, him, etc. ) it always Transitive Verb Intransitive Verb
goes between the verb and particle.
Here’s your jacket. Put it on. NOT Put on it. He took off his sweater when The plane will take off in ten minutes.
he got home.

Sometimes the meaning of a phrasal verb changes depending on whether that

phrasal verb is transitive or intransitive.
Transitive Verb Intransitive Verb
take off take off
=to remove something =To leave the ground and begin to fly
PRACTICE & follow the instructions below…

Use the following verbs (believe, fill, get, look, put, switch,
take, throw, turn, try) and the prepositions (away, down, for, Choose the correct phrasal verb from the parenthesis at the
in, off, on, out) and form meaningful sentences. end of the sentence.

1. Quick ! the train. It's ready to leave. Example 1

2. I don't know where my notebook is. I have to
1. Someone broke into my house last night and stole the
it. jewelry. (broke down / broke into)
3. It's dark inside. Can you the light, please? 2. Will you be able to get by this month with the little
4. the customs declaration form, please. you have? (get off / get by)
5. I need some new shoes. Why don't you
these pair of shoes? Ex.
6. It’s warm inside. your jacket.
1. His mother always taught him not to those
7. This pen is really old. You can it . people with less. (look up to / look down on)
8. It’s so loud here. Can you the radio a 2. Stop complaining and your work ! (get on
little? with / get over)
9. The firemen were able to the fire in 3. The director wants you to your figures for
Church Street. this month to her. (hand out / hand in)
10. Does you little brother ghosts? 4. We’re going to have to our trip to Germany
until November. (put up / put off)
5. I Pavlos today at the supermarket. It
was great to see him. (ran out of / ran into)
6. I’m so tired of Adrien her engagement ring
all the time. (showing off / showing up)
7. The detective wouldn't to the kidnapper’s
demands. (give up / give in)
PRACTICE & follow the instructions below…

Choose the correct phrasal verb from the parenthesis at the end of the sentence.

Ex 1

8. I thought I would for a cup of coffee. Is that okay? (drop off / drop in)
9. Have you ever such an unusual piece of art? (come forward / come across)
10. It’s really important to on time. ( Show up / show off)
11. Your feet when walking; you don’t want to trip! (uplift / lift up)
12. The tree house was by the wind. (blown up / blown over)
13. She his hat to show me his new haircut. (took off / took up)
14. I just can’t seem to this book. (get off / get into)
 Unit 5B

So / Neither + Auxiliaries
 SO - NEITHER USAGE
You can use “so do I” to say that a positive sentence is also true for
you, and you use “neither do I” to say that a negative sentence is
also true for you.

● Dorian: I hate strawberries.

● Me: So do I (I also hate mushrooms).

● Grettel: I don’t live in Argentina.

● Me: Neither do I (I also don’t live in Argentina. For
example, maybe Gretel and I both live in Korea).

This is often used as a reply to someone else in a conversation, but

both sentences can also be said by the same person, and even
joined together:

● Me: Cordelia loves coffee. So do I.

● Me: Florian doesn’t play the piano and neither do I.
 SO - TOO
SO and Too are used to show agreement with positive statements (said by Person A)
Sometimes you can use SO +
AUXILIARY + SUBJECT as a
continuation of the first part of
the sentence.
Daniel can sing well, and so
can his brother.
= Daniel can sing well, and his
brother can sing well too.
The auxiliary verb ( or to
be / to have) needs to
SO + AUXILIARY + SUBJECT agree with the verb tense
(OR BE / HAVE) in the original statement
(by Person A)
Person A Person B
I am sad. So am I. I am sad too.
You are making a noise. So are you. You are making a noise too.
I need more clothes. So do I. I need more clothes too.
Kyros likes chocolate. So does Amalia. Amalia likes chocolate too.
I was tired this morning. So was I I was tired too.
We were late. So were they. They were late too.
I watched a movie last friday. So did I. I watched a movie too.
He can play the piano. I can play the piano too.
So can I.
We could see the stars. So could I. I could see the stars too.
He will win an award. So will I. I will win an award too.
I would like a cup of coffee. So would I. I would like a cup too.
She should study more. So should I. I should study more too.
The have finished early. So have I. I have finished early too.
She had eaten too much. So had I. I had eaten too much too.

NEITHER - EITHER
Neither and Either are used to agree with
negative statements (said by Person A).
NEITHER + AUXILIARY + SUBJECT
(or BE / HAVE)
Sometimes you will see / hear
NOR + AUXILIARY + SUBJECT.
A: I wasn’t ready.
B: Nor was I (Neither was I)
I’m not hungry too. (too is for
positive statements)
I’m not hungry either.
The auxiliary verb (or to be /
to have) needs to agree with
the verb tense in the original
statement (by Person A).
Person A Person B Person A
I am not hungry. Neither am I. I’m not (hungry) either.
You aren’t trying. Neither are you. You aren’t (trying) either.
I don’t need help. Neither do I. I don’t (need help) either.
Kyros doesn’t like fish. Neither does Meghan. Meghan doesn’t (like fish)
I wasn’t bored. Neither was I. either.
They weren’t invited. Neither were we. I wasn’t (bored) either.
I didn’t like the book. Neither did I. We weren’t (invited) either.
He can’t dance. Neither can I. I didn’t (like the book) either.
I couldn't see her. Neither could I. I can’t (swim) either.
He won’t be there. Neither will I. I couldn't (see him) either.
I wouldn’t eat that. Neither would I. I won’t (be there) either.
I shouldn’t worry. Neither should I. I wouldn’t (eat that) either.
The haven’t studied. Neither have I. I shouldn’t (worry) either.
She hadn’t finished. Neither had I. I haven’t (studied) either.
I hadn't (finished) either.
PRACTICE & follow the instructions below…

Imagine you are having a conversation with Sarah. What she says is also true for you. Write “so---I” or “neither---I”
choosing the correct auxiliary verb.

1) Sarah:I can’t believe it piano.

1) Sarah:Natalie is English.

1) Sarah:She isn’t coming to the party.

1) Sarah: Arielle will come early tomorrow.

1) Sarah: I have to study this weekend.

1) Sarah: Adriel lives in Barcelona.

1) Sarah: She doesn’t have any brothers or sisters.

1) Sarah: I’ve been to Mexico.

1) Sarah: I’m going home now.

1) Sarah: I didn’t pass the exam.