See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.

net/publication/375635347

The Impact of Social Media on Mental Health and Well- Being on Students

Article · November 2023

CITATIONS READS
0 1,377

1 author:

Mohammad Imtiaz Hasan

Army Institute of Business Administration
4 PUBLICATIONS 1 CITATION

SEE PROFILE

All content following this page was uploaded by Mohammad Imtiaz Hasan on 14 November 2023.

The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file.

 The Impact of Social Media on Mental Health and Well-
Being on Students
Mohammad Imtiaz Hasan1

Abstract
This research paper titled "The Impact of Social Media on Mental Health and Well-being on
Students" delves into the intricate relationship between the pervasive use of social media platforms
and their potential effects on individuals' mental health and overall well-being. In the digital era,
the rise of social media has transformed how people connect, share, and communicate, yet
concerns have emerged regarding its potential psychological consequences. This study critically
examines existing literature, drawing upon empirical evidence, expert opinions, and longitudinal
studies to provide a comprehensive analysis of the subject. This paper begins by outlining the
prevalence of social media usage and its various forms, highlighting the role it plays in shaping
interpersonal relationships, self-esteem, and emotional experiences. It then delves into the
multifaceted impact of social media on mental health, addressing both positive and negative
aspects. Positive impacts include enhanced social support, community building, and access to
mental health resources. However, the paper also underscores the negative implications, such as
cyberbullying, social comparison, and the potential for addiction. This research explores how
people get impact by social media. We use four questions and get answer by modified ‘The Likert
scale’ and statistically find the which impact very effect in our life by social media platform.
Key-words: Social Media, Mental Health, Well-being, Psychological, Consequences, Prevalence,
Cyberbullying, Statistically.

1
Mohammad Imtiaz Hasan is an undergraduate student at Army Institute of Business Administration Savar, Dhaka,
Bangladesh.
His contact address: imtiazhasan211999@gmail.com
1.0 Introduction
The burgeoning ubiquity of social media platforms in contemporary society has precipitated a
paradigm shift in interpersonal communication and information dissemination. As these digital
conduits continue to infiltrate diverse sectors of human life, there is a growing need to scrutinize
their multifaceted impact on mental health and well-being, particularly among distinct
demographic cohorts. Among these, individuals affiliated with institutions characterized by
demanding and rigorous commitments, such as military academies, stand as a particularly salient
population warranting empirical inquiry. This study, titled "The Impact of Social Media on Mental
Health and Well-Being on Students," endeavors to elucidate the nuanced interplay between social
media utilization and psychological welfare. The motivation underlying this investigation arises
from the escalating discourse on the potential psychological ramifications of social media
engagement. While these platforms offer unprecedented avenues for connectivity, information
sharing, and self-presentation, they concurrently introduce intricate psychosocial dynamics that
have prompted both warranted concern and optimistic anticipation. Given the distinctive
challenges confronted by students enrolled in intensive academic, understanding the repercussions
of their social media interactions holds vital implications for their holistic development and
efficacy within their respective roles as future military leaders. The introductory section of this
research paper delineates the overarching research domain, elucidating the significance of
examining social media effects on the mental health and well-being of students. It contextualizes
this inquiry within the broader theoretical framework of digital technology's evolving influence on
psychological states and explores the rationale behind selecting this particular demographic group.
Furthermore, the section underscores the dearth of comprehensive empirical investigations within
this specialized context, thus substantiating the present study's contribution to the existing body of
literature. This study embarks upon an intellectual trajectory to probe the intricate juncture where
social media interfaces with the psychological well-being of students. The subsequent sections will
navigate through pertinent theoretical underpinnings, methodological considerations, empirical
findings, and potential implications, all aimed at enriching the comprehension of this complex
interrelation and furnishing pragmatic insights for relevant stakeholders.

1.1 Social Media

In the contemporary landscape of digital communication, the advent of social media platforms has
engendered transformative paradigms in interpersonal interaction, information dissemination, and
societal dynamics. Defined by their virtual platforms that facilitate the creation, sharing, and
exchange of user-generated content, social media have emerged as potent conduits that transcend
temporal and spatial limitations, enabling connections, conversations, and collaborations across
global expanses. This epochal shift in communication, predicated upon the fusion of technology,
sociology, and psychology, has precipitated a panoply of multidimensional ramifications that
warrant comprehensive scholarly scrutiny. Social media, encompassing platforms ranging from
Facebook and Twitter to Instagram and TikTok, have effectuated an epoch-defining
metamorphosis in the human experience of connectivity and communication. These platforms
afford users the ability to curate their digital identities, transcending geographical confines to
engender novel forms of social interactions that traverse cultural, temporal, and spatial boundaries.
The resultant hyperconnectivity engenders unprecedented avenues for the dissemination of
information, opinion propagation, and the fostering of global dialogues. Such communicative
transformations have elicited substantial societal impacts, heralding discussions on the
malleability of public discourse, the democratization of information, and the nuances of digital
activism. The sociopolitical ramifications of social media platforms are counterpoised by intricate
psychological dynamics that underlie individual user experiences. The ubiquitous availability of
personalized content and real-time interaction platforms imparts novel dimensions to self-
perception, peer comparison, and social validation. This interplay nurtures cognitive and emotional
resonances that traverse realms of self-esteem, identity construction, and emotional well-being,
thus establishing a conceptual nexus between virtual platforms and mental health paradigms. This
paper serves as an interdisciplinary foray into the terrain of social media, enjoining sociological,
technological, and psychological prisms to illuminate its manifold manifestations and effects.
Through critical analysis and synthesis of extant scholarship, this study seeks to elucidate the
symbiotic interplay between the virtual and the real, unveiling the societal, psychological, and
ethical underpinnings that underscore the epochal rise of social media in the contemporary milieu.

1.2 Mental Health and Well-Being

In the contemporary milieu, the intricate interplay between mental health and well-being has
emerged as a subject of paramount significance within both academic discourse and societal
contexts. As our societies grapple with the multifaceted challenges of modernity, an enhanced
understanding of the nuanced dynamics governing mental health and well-being becomes pivotal.
This introductory exposition seeks to delineate the foundational concepts underpinning mental
health and well-being, situating them within the broader framework of psychological, social, and
cultural dimensions. Mental health, as a construct, encapsulates the cognitive, emotional, and
psychological equilibrium that enables individuals to cope with stressors, engage in productive
activities, and cultivate fulfilling relationships. It serves as an essential determinant of overall well-
being, encompassing not only the absence of mental illness but also the presence of positive
psychological states. Anchored in theoretical perspectives rooted in psychology and psychiatry,
the conceptualization of mental health has evolved from a deficit-focused paradigm to one that
accentuates the pursuit of positive mental flourishing. This paradigm shift underscores the holistic
nature of well-being, emphasizing emotional resilience, self-actualization, and the cultivation of
purposeful lives. Concomitantly, well-being, while intimately linked with mental health,
constitutes a broader construct encompassing various dimensions of human existence. It
encompasses physical vitality, social connectedness, cognitive acuity, and existential contentment.
The multidimensional nature of well-being finds resonance in diverse disciplines, including
psychology, sociology, economics, and philosophy, thereby epitomizing its interdisciplinary
significance. Inextricably intertwined with the evolving contours of mental health and well-being
is the contextual backdrop of contemporary existence. The relentless pace of technological
advancements, shifts in sociocultural norms, and the globalization of information have
reconfigured the avenues through which individuals perceive, interact, and navigate their
surroundings. As such, an examination of mental health and well-being necessitates an
appreciation of the intricate interplay between individual agency, societal structures, and cultural
contexts. In the subsequent sections, this exposition will delve into the myriad facets of mental
health and well-being, traversing through the lenses of resilience, psychological disorders,
psychosocial determinants, and intervention strategies. By embarking on this scholarly journey, a
deeper comprehension of the contours shaping mental health and well-being will be fostered,
poised to illuminate both academic inquiry and the broader societal pursuit of a harmonious human
existence.

1.3 Problem Statement

This research aims to investigate the multifaceted relationship between social media usage and its
impact on mental health and well-being. In an increasingly digitized world, the pervasive influence
of social media platforms raises concerns about their potential effects on individuals' psychological
and emotional states. This study seeks to comprehensively analyze the diverse dimensions of this
phenomenon. The primary objective of this research is to examine how different patterns of social
media engagement contribute to various aspects of mental health and well-being. It will explore
whether excessive use, comparative behaviors, cyberbullying, and the constant exposure to
idealized representations influence feelings of anxiety, depression, loneliness, self-esteem, and
overall life satisfaction. By delving into these dynamics, the study will shed light on the potential
causal relationships between social media usage and negative mental health outcomes. Moreover,
the research will explore potential moderators and mediators that might mitigate or exacerbate the
impact of social media on mental health. Factors such as age, gender, personality traits, and coping
strategies will be investigated to determine their role in shaping individuals' vulnerability or
resilience to the negative consequences of online interactions. To achieve these objectives, a
mixed-methods approach will be employed, including quantitative surveys to gather data on usage
patterns and mental health indicators, as well as qualitative interviews to gain deeper insights into
individuals' experiences and perceptions. The findings of this research can provide valuable
information for mental health professionals, policymakers, and social media platforms to develop
informed strategies aimed at promoting healthier online behaviors and mitigating potential harm
to users' well-being. Ultimately, this research seeks to contribute to a nuanced understanding of
the relationship between social media usage and mental health, guiding the development of
interventions that empower individuals to navigate the digital landscape in a way that safeguards
their psychological welfare.

1.4 Research Objective

The main objective of the research work is to determine The of Social Media on Mental Health
and Well-Being on Students. Which is shows us how Mental Health and Well-Being by Social
Media on Students.

1.5 Scope of the Study

The purpose of this research is to comprehensively investigate and understand the intricate
relationship between social media usage and its impact on mental health and well-being. The study
aims to provide valuable insights into the diverse ways in which individuals' engagement with
various social media platforms may influence their psychological and emotional states. The scope
of this study encompasses a multidimensional analysis of the effects of social media on mental
health, encompassing both positive and negative outcomes. It will delve into the psychological
mechanisms underlying the development of mental health issues, such as anxiety, depression, and
loneliness, that may arise due to excessive or problematic use of social media. Additionally, the
study will explore how the content and nature of online interactions, as well as the perception of
one's online persona, contribute to self-esteem and overall psychological well-being. In order to
achieve a comprehensive understanding, a diverse range of social media platforms will be
considered, taking into account variations in usage patterns, user demographics, and cultural
contexts. Both quantitative and qualitative research methods will be employed, including surveys,
interviews, and content analysis of online interactions. The study will also explore potential
moderating factors, such as personality traits and social support, that might influence the
relationship between social media usage and mental health. Furthermore, this research will not
only contribute to the academic literature by advancing our knowledge of the complex interplay
between technology and mental health but also provide practical implications for individuals,
mental health practitioners, and policymakers. By identifying patterns and factors that contribute
to positive or negative mental health outcomes related to social media, the findings of this study
aim to inform strategies for promoting healthy online behaviors and enhancing overall well-being
in the digital age.

1.6 Justification of the Study

This study titled " The Impact of Social Media on Mental Health and Well-Being on Students"
aims to address a pressing concern in contemporary society by investigating the intricate
relationship between social media usage and individuals' mental health and overall well-being.
With the rapid proliferation of social media platforms and their pervasive integration into daily
life, it is imperative to comprehend the potential repercussions on mental health. The ubiquity of
social media has transformed communication patterns, social interactions, and self-perception.
However, the extent to which this digital transformation affects mental health remains a topic of
significant scholarly interest and societal relevance. This research intends to contribute to this
discourse by comprehensively examining the multifaceted dimensions of the impact of social
media on mental health. By delving into this subject, the study seeks to uncover potential
correlations between excessive social media use, feelings of social isolation, anxiety, and
depression. Moreover, it aims to explore how curated online identities and social comparisons may
lead to distorted self-esteem and body image issues. Through a combination of quantitative surveys
and qualitative interviews, the study aims to provide a nuanced understanding of both positive and
negative outcomes of social media engagement on mental health. The findings of this research
could have profound implications for individuals, mental health practitioners, and policymakers.
A deeper understanding of the complex interplay between social media and mental well-being
could inform the development of evidence-based guidelines for healthy online behavior and
facilitate the creation of targeted interventions to mitigate potential negative effects. Ultimately,
the study aspires to contribute substantively to the ongoing dialogue surrounding the responsible
use of social media and its profound implications for the mental health landscape in the digital age.
1.7 Methodology
1.7.1 Planning:
At first, we made a plan about how we will work for it.
1.7.2 Data collection:
We start collecting data after planning and fulfilling requirements. There is all primary data. We
took the references from various website. All the information provided on this research paper is
from primary sources, by Likert scale method.
1.7.3 Data analyzing:
After collecting data, we start analyzing those data. We eliminate unnecessary data and process
those data for analyzing.
1.7.4 Result:
After proper data collecting and analyzing we got the result and started making our research paper.

1.8 Limitations
While doing the research paper we have some limitations working. It is given below:
1) Research may involve predominantly younger participants, overlooking older
demographics.
2) Difficulty in establishing whether social media directly causes mental health issues.
3) Reliance on self-reported data may lead to inaccurate results due to subjective
interpretation.
4) Rapid evolution of platforms challenges long-term analysis of their effects.
5) Impact can differ across cultures, limiting generalizability of findings.

2.0 Literature Review

Despite social media’s benefits, adolescents frequently reported exposure to bullying and harmful
content, which could have significant negative impacts on mental health and wellbeing.
Anonymity enabled targeting – bullies and trolls could post hurtful comments without punishment
because their identity remained hidden (Singleton et al., 2016; O’Reilly et al., 2018).
‘Cyberbullying’, including name-calling and public humiliation, caused teenagers anxiety
(Calancie et al., 2017), but there was widespread acceptance that they must ignore or tolerate it
(O’Reilly et al., 2018; Wang et al., 2019).
Teenagers who had experienced cyberbullying reported its significant impact on their mental
health, describing feelings of distress, confusion and isolation (Smith et al., 2017; O’Reilly et al.,
2018). Whilst aware of the injustice, they were unsure of where to turn (Wang et al., 2019).
Repeated instances were incredibly damaging, sometimes causing suicidal thoughts (O’Reilly,
2020). Those targeting others admitted intentions to lower another’s self-esteem, fuelled by
jealousy or discontent with their own life (Berne et al., 2014).
Adolescents also described subtle online exclusion, including the lack of invitation to events and
unresponsiveness to messages. Smith et al. (2017) found that when adolescents were randomly
allocated to ‘inclusive’ newsfeeds (many friends, message reciprocity and strong reactions to
posts) they experienced feelings of connection, whereas those exposed to ‘exclusive’ newsfeeds
(rapidly declining friends’ lists and lack of event invitations) felt high levels of threats to their
sense of belonging.
Privacy concerns were also common; most platforms had ‘private’ setting options, but adolescents
reported that others could share pictures of them without consent. Lack of control induced anxiety,
worsened by the permanency of uploaded content (Wang et al., 2019). Furthermore, some reported
instances of account hacking and impersonation, inducing fear as others could post inappropriate
content under their identity (Weinstein & Selman, 2014).
As well as online bullying, adolescents frequently described exposure to damaging content,
including self-harm posts, which were particularly problematic for those with a history of mental
illness (Singleton et al., 2016; Radovic et al., 2017; O’Reilly, 2020). Participants also described
how viewing scary or violent images online, often unintentionally, disturbed their sleep: cognitive
salience caused graphic images to replay in their minds (Smahel et al., 2015). Social media also
prevented escape from distressing news; they felt trapped in the rapidly updating online world
(Weinstein, 2018). Additionally, teenagers admitted to posting impulsively when upset or angry,
termed ‘stress posting’, often causing conflict that frequently extended offline (Radovic et al.,
2017).

3.0 Data Analysis and Findings

3.1 Data Analysis
A survey was conducted to get feedback from Army Institute of Business Administration, Savar
students on their social media experience. The response rate to each question will determine the
current situation and its implications in the context of Bangladesh. Most of the respondents they
also strongly agree on The Impact of Social Media on Mental Health and Well-Being on Students.

Q No. (Not at all) (Slightly) (Moderately) (Very) (Extremely)

1 2 3 4 5
Q1 30 27 59 60 47
Q2 29 47 60 57 30
Q3 34 44 70 46 28
Q4 52 43 43 49 36
Q1: Do you think social media platforms should implement measures to protect
users' mental health?
Class Intervals Frequency
(i) (f)

1 30
2 27
3 59
4 60
5 47

𝑓1−𝑓0
Mode: 𝐿𝑖 + ×𝑖
2𝑓1−𝑓0−𝑓2
60−59
=4+ ×1
2×60−59−47

= 4.071

Q2: Have you ever experienced anxiety or stress related to social media use?
Class Intervals Frequency
(i) (f)
1 29
2 47
3 60
4 57
5 30

𝑓1−𝑓0
Mode: 𝐿𝑖 + ×𝑖
2𝑓1−𝑓0−𝑓2
60−47
=3+ ×1
2×60−47−57

=3.812
Q3: Are there specific social media features or behaviors that you find
particularly detrimental to mental well-being?
Class Intervals Frequency
(i) (f)
1 34
2 44
3 70
4 46
5 28

f1−f0
Mode: Li + ×i
2f1−f0−f2
70−44
=3+ ×1
2×70−44−46

= 3.52

Q4: Have you experienced cyberbullying or negative comments on social

media?
Class Intervals Frequency
(i) (f)
1 52
2 43
3 43
4 49
5 36

𝑓1−𝑓0
MODE: 𝐿𝑖 + ×𝑖
2𝑓1−𝑓0−𝑓2
53−0
=1+ ×1
2×53−0−43

= 1.841
3.2 Findings
From the analysis, In the context of Army Institute of Business Administration, Savar students out
of 223 Students are easily ensure that in one way or another, they are using social media to impact
their mental health and well-being.

4.0 Results
4.1 Social media platforms should implement measures to protect users'
mental health.
In the context of 223 students, 13.5% of the students are Not at all, 12.1% are only Slightly, 26.5%
are Moderately, 26.9% are Very and 21.1% are Extremely agree about social media platforms
should implement measures to protect users' mental health.

Figure-1: Social media platforms should implement measures to protect users' mental health

4.2 Experienced anxiety or stress related to social media use.

In the context of 223 students, 13% of the students are Not at all, 21.1% are only Slightly, 26.9%
are Moderately, 25.6% are Very and 13.5% are Extremely agree about experienced anxiety or
stress related to social media use.
 Figure-2: Experienced anxiety or stress related to social media use

4.3 Specific social media features or behaviors that find particularly

detrimental to mental well-being.
In the context of 223 students, 15.3% of the students are Not at all, 19.8% are only Slightly, 31.5%
are Moderately, 20.7% are Very and 12.6% are Extremely agree about specific social media
features or behaviors that find particularly detrimental to mental well-being.

Figure-3: Specific social media features or behaviors that find particularly detrimental to mental
well-being

4.4 Experienced cyberbullying or negative comments on social media.

In the context of 223 students, 23.3% of the students are Not at all, 19.3% are only Slightly, 19.3%
are Moderately, 22% are Very and 16.1% are Extremely agree about experienced cyberbullying
or negative comments on social media.
 Figure-4: Experienced cyberbullying or negative comments on social media

5.0 Conclusion and Recommendations

5.1 Conclusion
In conclusion, the research conducted on 'The Impact of Social Media on Mental Health and Well-
Being on Students' underscores the multifaceted relationship between social media usage and the
mental health of individuals within the specific context students. This research presented in this
paper underscores the importance of acknowledging the complex interplay between social media
and mental health among students. By recognizing both the positive and negative aspects of social
media use and by implementing appropriate strategies and support systems, it is possible to
promote the mental well-being of these individuals in the digital age. This research serves as a
valuable contribution to the ongoing dialogue surrounding the impact of social media on mental
health and sets the stage for further investigation and intervention in this critical area of study.

5.2 Recommendations
Based on the research conducted on the “The Impact of Social Media on Mental Health and Well-
Being on Students”, the following recommendations are:
1. Social media use appears to be affecting most students' mental health. Therefore, it is said
not to use it except for urgent work.
2. And the need to stay away from social media hassles and problems.
3. Sufficient care should be taken to ensure that there is no problem or disturbance in the use
of social media by the students.
4. If we spend less time on all social media, better results can be expected.
References
1) Tzenios, N. (2023). Case Study: Just War Doctrine. Open Journal of Political Science,
13(1), 1-17.
2) Faith, O. O. F., Tazanios, M., & Tzenios, N. (2023). HEALTH PROMOTION AT THE
COMMUNITY LEVEL.
3) Atapattu, K. V., Salibi, G., & Tzenios, N. (2023). A Study on the Relationship between
the rainy season and Dengue outbreak in the Colombo District of Sri Lanka. Special
journal of the Medical Academy and other Life Sciences., 1(3).
4) Tzenios, N. (2023). OBESITY AND LUNG CANCER (INVESTIGATING THE
RELATIONSHIP). EPRA International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research (IJMR),
9(2), 175177.
5) Sibanda, A., Tazanios, M., & Tzenios, N. (2023). Community Empowerment as a tool
for health promotion. Cambridge Open Engage. doi:10.33774/coe-2023-clplt
6) JUSTUS, O., Salibi, G., & Tzenios, N. (2023). Surveillance as a foundation for Disease
prevention and control.
7) Tzenios, N. (2022). The duke lacrosse scandal and ethics in prosecution. International
Journal of Political Science and Governance, 4, 118-121.
8) Batool, S., Morton Cuthrell, K., Tzenios, N., & Shehryar, Z. (2022). Hepatocellular
Carcinoma in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Emerging Burden. International
Research Journal of Oncology, 6(4), 93-104.
9) Tzenios, N., FRSPH, F., & FWAMS, F. (2022). BUDGET MANAGEMENT FOR
THE NON-PROFIT ORGANIZATION. International Journal of Global Economic
Light, 8(6), 9.
10) Tzenios, N., Chahine, M., & Tazanios, M. (2023). Obesity and endometrial cancer: the
role insulin resistance and adipokines. Special journal of the Medical Academy and
other Life Sciences., 1(2).
11) Tzenios, N., 2021. Ketogenic diet recommendation to a user based on a blood low-
density lipoprotein (ldl) level and a blood c-reactive protein level and/or a blood
erythrocyte sedimentation rate (esr) thereof. U.S. Patent Application 16/655,293.
12) Tzenios, N. LEARNER-CENTERED TEACHING.
https://www.doi.org/10.56726/IRJMETS32262
13) Tzenios, N. EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICE.
https://www.doi.org/10.56726/IRJMETS32263
14) Tzenios, N. (2023). OBESITY AS A RISK FACTOR FOR DIFFERENT TYPES OF
CANCER. EPRA International Journal of Research and Development (IJRD), 8(2), 97-
100.
15) Tzenios, N. (2023). OBESITY AS A RISK FACTOR FOR CANCER. EPRA
International Journal of Research and Development (IJRD), 8(2), 101-104.
16) Tzenios, N., Chahine, M., & Tazanios, M. (2023). Obesity and endometrial cancer: the
role insulin resistance and adipokines. Special journal of the Medical Academy and
other Life Sciences., 1(2).
17) Tzenios, N., Chahine, M., & Tazanios, M. (2023). Better Strategies for Coronavirus
(COVID-19) Vaccination. Special journal of the Medical Academy and other Life
Sciences., 1(2).
18) Sibanda, A. M., Tazanios, M., & Tzenios, N. (2023). Community Empowerment as a
tool for health promotion.
 19) OFFIONG, B., Salibi, G., & Tzenios, N. (2023). Medical Brain Drain Scourge In
Africa: Focusing on Nigeria. Cambridge Open Engage. doi:10.33774/coe-2023-vst08
20) Bharadiya, J. P., Tzenios, N. T., & Reddy, M. (2023). Forecasting of crop yield using
remote sensing data, agrarian factors and machine learning approaches. Journal of
Engineering Research and Reports, 24(12), 29-44.
21) JUSTUS, O., Salibi, G., & Tzenios, N. (2023). Surveillance as a foundation for Disease
prevention and control. Cambridge Open Engage. doi:10.33774/coe-2023-7rbq9

View publication stats