— BS 6748: 1986 ails, | UOC 168.542 #46721: teues.aY + e888 + 886.x1.71 | tern9 e483) British Standard Specification for Limits of metal release from ceramic ware, glassware, glass ceramic ware and vitreous enamel ware Limites des pertes méralliques des produits en eéramique, en verre, en vitrocéramique et en émail vitrifié — Spécifications Grenzwerte fiir die Abgabe von Schwermetaiten aus Keramik~, Glas -, Glaskeramik— und Emailerzeugnissen NO COPYING WITTOUT DSt PERMISSION RACKHY AS PRRMUTTRN RY CAPYRIGHT LAWBS 6748 : 1986 Foreword @ (hi British Stondard has been prepared undor the direction of the Furniture and Housahold Equipruent Standards Committee and isa coined revision of BS ABEO, BS 6103 sand BS 8180. fot revision of BS 4860 has been created by the ppobliestion of EEC Diractive 84/500/EEC whiich the UK it ‘required to implement and the upportunity has han taken ‘to incorporata the closely related requiramants of BS 5103 and BS 5180 into the revision to avoid proliferation of requirements and test method inthe field of metal release from ceramics, ate, glatt ceramics an vitreous enarnels in ‘contact with food. “This standard wil form the basis of egulations to be made under tho Consumer Safety Aut 1878, replacing the Glare Ceramic Wnra (Selety) Regulations St 1975 No. 3241, It wil become effective anly when thees leguiations are revoked e ‘ond veplaced by the new Requlations: withdrawal of BS 450 : 1B72 will be announced at the appropriate time, ‘The remade regulations will be based upon this standare aca will ba consistent with it, ‘This standard specifies limits for metal reteaze trom vitreous anarnel ware which differ from thoce required Ly thee Vitrous Enanne!-ware {Safety} Regulations SI 1878 No. 434 in whieh 8S SIEO * 1874 1s called up. In the imterests of uniformity it ig eecommmened that the mits specitins in thie standard be adopted for those viteeous aname! praducts equivalent in form and usage to the eategaries identifies in ‘he standard, although the Regulations will not be carcespundingly amended endl 85 5180 : 1974 will not therefore be witharewn on publication of this stand. However, na eagulstions exist, or ae currently anvirzgeu, for glass and glass ceramic articles ard the udoption of the fim specitied in this stendusd should be considered a= 4 ‘contribution to the erduction of exposure to Insc and. ‘cadmium in the environment, Accarctingly 4S 5103 is ‘withdrawn, “The limits for lead and cadmium release specified in this @ standard are not inronded! to be regarded 35 the maximum amounts of thes metals to which exposure can be ‘considred safe, they are the Icwast levels wchievable by the industries concarnad with the abject of resticiog overs ‘exposure te those metals Compliance with a Briich Standard does nat of itelt confor immunity ftom legal obligations In particular, tollance on this standard may not in all ceses ment the requirements of the Vitrous Enamel-wure RegulationsBS 6748 : 1986 e Contents Pave Foreword Inside front caver CCommittes ensronsiote Back cower Specification 1 Scape 2 2 Definitions 2 3. Clasifcotion 2 4 Laad and cadmium raleare 2 Appendix A Mothod tor determination of metal reteese 3BS 6748 :.1986 Specification 41 Scope ‘This Sritish Standard specifies mits for leat ancl cactriurn, expressed aba concentration of the vlersents, released from ceramic, sles, #256 ceramic and vitreous enamel artiles Intended tor tite in contact with taogstutts. when the article is subjected to a specifiad method of test NOTE, The site ofthe publicsions referred xo inthis tancord ‘va Sata an the iad back caver 2 Definitions For the purposes of this Brith Standard the following etinitions apply. 2.1 etramic ware. Articles manufactured from a mixte {of inerganis materials with a ganerally high argillaceous or siligata content z0 which small quaptitias of organic muteriels may have been added. These articles ere first shaped and the shape thus obtained is permanently fixed by tiring, They may be glazed, enamelled and/or decorated, 22 alassware. Articles manufactured trom soda-lime silica, orosiliente or lea erystal glass, o¢ trom glass eacamic, 2.3 vivoous enamel ware. Articles manufactured witha slaved surface finish produced by the application of a pondered inerganic glass, dry or suspanded in waster, to metal parts and its subsequent fusion, 2.4 surface area, The surtacn arma of an article {in category 1), which can be Filled, isthe arew of the surface of the meniscus formed by the free fiauid surface ‘when the artic is filled to within 1 sm of the overtlow paint, maasurad from the upper tim of the article, Far articles with @ flat or slightly sloping rim this distance is within € mm of the extreme edge of tu all other eases the surface area is that ealeoleted from the areals) of the orticle’ssurfuce which will veme into contact with foodstutts in normal use, 2S voluma, Tha volume ot an articis (in eatagoring 23nd 3) Js the capacity obtained when the srtice is filled to within mn of the overFlavr poi. 3 Classification ‘Three categories of article are specified, determined by the ‘ize, shape and/or purpose of the article with the invention, ‘of defining the maximum levels of meta! release from the article's aurface, Category . Articles which cart ue filed and articles hich can be filles, the internat depth of which, measured thorn the lowest gomnt 10 she horizontal pane pateing through the upner rim, done not mxcend 28 em, ‘This includes those articles known ws (lawrare Category 2. Astictes, notin categories 1 or 3, witich cen be filled, This includes those articles known as holloware, Category 2. Packaging and storage vessels havinga capacity of more than 3 L and cooking ware, 6, tome ddavignad and old far uso in tha har preparation af food for beverages. Ina set of articles termed ‘ove0-to tableware’ there will be items which are not intended for use in the actual cookine process: such items are of extegory 1 or 2, a¢ detined therein, 4 Lead and cadmium release 4.4 General When tested in accordance with the method given in apparnlix A uny article of exramic wars, slasware, glass cceramie ware or vitreous enamel ware shall not release into the extracting solution a quantity of lead of c2dmium, calculated a: the elamant, exeaeding that given in 4,2 tor the appropriate category of artic. ‘Wave an artila ie treet with a lid of the sama mararisl, the vessel und lid shell be tested seperately and the uantisies of feod and cadmium obtained summed to Provide the valuas tor compliacice with 4.2, For the purposes of this requirement the summed values shall be Considered as applying to the surface ataa or volume at the vessel nly 42 Limite The maximum tirits of tead (Fb) and cass (Ct) ‘lease shall be as Follows. Category 1 untcles: 0.8 mg of PH/O.OT my of Cu, per square decimetre of surface area Category 2 articles: 4.0 mg of Pb/O.3 mg of per litra oF valomn; Categary 3 articles: 1.5 mg ot Pb/O. 1 mg of Ca, per titre of volume. 4.3 Sampling provision Whore an anicle of ceramic ware, glassware, glass ceramie ware or vitracus enamel ware ralnaces a quantity et laad ami/or eadenium into the extracting solution et» level excesding that given In 4.2, by not lore than 50 %, at loast three turther artieles shall be tested and the average quantity of lead and/or cadmium par article datermined, {ha average quantity sa determined shall not exceed that given in 4.2 for a single article and no ont sample shall exceed the value by mote than 60%,Appendix Appendix A. Method for determination of metal release AA Reagents AAA General, AN reagents shell te of recognized analytical quativy. 12 Hater, complying with the requirements of BS 9978. A.13 Acetic acid (CHCOOM), a A.14 Acetic acid solution (8% VIV). To 800 mL ot water (A.1.2} add 40 mb of glacial acetic acid (8.1.3) and make Lup 16 1 L. Freshly prepara tha solution prior to use ix sufficient quantity t arable the whule of any gioup of ‘este and analyses to be completed, AAS Standard metal satutions AAS.A 10001 1 mgPbin TL of A% V/V acetic acid 2.4), ABZ 200205 my Odin } L of 4% V/V acetic acid cer NOTE. Commercially walable stanead solution for atemic absorption sectrencopy may be uses provid tha Comotitione of sh foltions sre kon tan eguvulen, A2 Apparatus A2.1 Atomic absorption spectraphotometer, with 2 fetecuion limit equal (0 ur better tse 0.2 mg/L. Pb (in 4 % ‘avetie weid) and 0.02 ma/l. Cd fin 4% V/V acetic acid) ‘Mbich aves signe equ 0 tour Gray he wanard deviatlen of te of the Instorner, A22 Laboratory glrssivere. Volumetric loawore of ‘class B, or better, soeurscy 28 specified in BS 700, BS 846 (of BS 1792, ar enpropriate, General laboratory glaueware ‘af borasilica glass incopoble of releasing datactahia levels ‘of lead or codmium inte 4 % seatic ariel during the toot procedure, 3 Preparation of samples ‘Wath the tami in an aqueous solution at 40 25°C. containing 1 mL/L of domestic liquid detergent, Rinse the saaple thoroughly with water (A.1.2} and alloy: te drain, then wipe éry with clasn filter paper. Du nol use any sermple which shows esidual staining, If the sample possesses am area ofits surface, which if not intgnded te come Into contact with toadstufts wn normal tse, other than the interiar of any lid, eover this area after ‘the initial washing and drying with a protective coating tel will withstand the effect of @ % V/V acatie acia and which will nat relnase any detactabye levels of Pb or Cd into 4 % VIV sostic acic during the test procedure. NOTE, High meting poine ya Do nor handle the surface Ww be rested after ft has bean prepared. in we ir 20 nbs wating BS 6748 : 1986 A4 Procedure AA.) Condition the somple to 22 =2°C. Far category 1 aticles, determine are racarel thy surface ares ofthe srtcle AA Fill the conditioned sample with 4% V/V acetic ans ‘lution (A.1.4) at 22 12°C to a lovel no more then 1 mm from the overflow point, maazured fram the upper rim of the summple, and ta no mora than € mum fron the extramn edge of a sample with a flat or sloping rim. Sampler whit ‘cannot be filled chould be compteraly immersed in the rminiemurn amount of 4 % VIV acetie acid Record the quantity nf 4 % V/Y acetic acid eequired or Used 10 an accuracy of 12 %, Flecord the quantities separately vehere an izom with a lid is tse, Ad Where tests are tor both cadmiwrn and lead, cover the sample and enauce that throughout the test procedure ‘the surtace under testis kept in complete darkness, NOTE 1, It feau wn tobe dbteringd the test may br enna ‘normal igbting. Maintain the filled, or immerstd, samples at 22! 2°C for 24-£ 0.5 h under conditions which preclude evaporative losses. NOTE 2, Plastic rays wich cow try Ths ae sltsbla comraias Te prevent evan er las fai the es es AAA Homagenize the exvact solution, ny stirring of ther methad, without loss of solution er abrasion of the surfuce being tested and witkaraw a portion for the Uevermination of lead and/or exdmium. NOTE, A mathod of homogeniing the ealnmtion salatian ie 8 fmowe qvnity Py pinata and aie t9 Yar BECK wt oF ato, he ample several fen avsehigetthon or waperaion [op Is AS Analysis AS.4 Set up the atomic absorprinn spectrophotometes having regard to the manufacturer's instivetions using wavelengths of 21/.0 nnt for lead determination ad 1728.8 nm for eudium determination with appropriate cortection tor hackgrounrl absorption effects. NOTE. Whore uprennat,» wavelangth of 263 rm may be wed forthe analyte! contimstion 0 03. AS2 Ampitate water (A.1.2) ard adjust the zero, As cerunge of dilute standard metal solutions prepared by dilution of the standard mytal solurinns {A.1.S} with 4% JV acetic acid solution. Asqirate water (A.1.2) after o3ch standard metal solution (4.1.5) and record the sbzorhance values obtaine: ASS Aspicate water (A1.2) and then 4 % V/V acetic acid {A.1.4) and mevsure the abzorbance value, Azpirate the sample enttacts fore AAS}, accurately oilirat where sppropriate, interspersed with water (A.1.2). Nvasure the ahsorbanca values of the surmyle extracts or agcurstely dlilvted sample extacts ABA To check for instrument il, pirate dilute sndard metal solutions intwesporse with semple exacts and with water (A1.2).BS 6748. 1986 Provided that the absorbance values of tre dilute standard ‘metal solutions and of the 4 % WIV" acetic acid solution (A.1A} indicate minimat ait, the results may be calculated ny tha bracketing technique: (see AG), from a sanually prepared calibration curve or by using the ‘ealibration facilities of the instrument, AS6 Calculation of results by the bracketing technique “The leso or cadmium content, Co. axprassed in ma/L of the axtraction solution, ie given By the equation: [{Aoray co | (22) (6:-e:)] eos] Waray where Ay iste absorbonce ofthe lad or eadniunn fn the ‘ample exact: Ay isthe absorbance of the lad or eadniunt to the lower bracketing solution Az isthe absorbance of the leu or cadrnium in the ‘upper bracketing solution; i tha lead or cecimium cantent of the tower ‘bracketing solution (in my/Lt: ig tha fead or esrtmium convent of the upper ‘bracketing solution (in mg/L}: @ isthe factor by which the sempte was diluted. NOTE, Thi loyor and upper brscketing solutions should be chosen absorbance vals cle ta that of tha deme axiract oF ‘ated replete Relate the values so determined to the total quantity(ies) of solution recarded in A4.2 and, for category 1 articles, Xo tho surface aves ofthe article AT Test report ‘The test report shall contain: {a the nature of the article under test; () the surface are2 er volume, ws mppropriate, of the article 4c) the oman of feud and/or cadmium in tho total ‘quantitytics) of extracting sulutionts) expressed us milligrams of Pb or Cd per square decimedre of surface area tor category 1 articles or milligcams of Pb or Gd per lite of volume for eatagory and 3 artictes,SMES Publications referred to 185 700 2S a6 bs 1702 55.978, bs anor Bs oro" Greduotes pipentes ‘Spciteston Yor borers ‘Specfleatin for andeqarh value sks, lates tor inkoratory uve Permicibe niu metal eles (rom glazed caren ware Peri ims of meta reine Sr itv erent * etovre to inthe Ioceword ont