APJ Abdul Kalam, whose full name was Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam, was the eleventh

President of
India as well as a distinguished scientist. On October 15, 1931, he was born in Rameswaram, Tamil Nadu, India.
Born into a poor family, Kalam grew up in a close-knit Muslim household.

The remarkable academic trajectory of Kalam began in the Ramanathapuram Schwartz Matriculation School.
He studied with tremendous determination in spite of financial difficulties and was well-known for his keen
intelligence. After that, he continued his studies in physics at St. Joseph's College in Tiruchirappalli, where he
graduated in 1954. After that, he attended the Madras Institute of Technology to pursue his studies in aircraft
engineering.

As a scientist, Kalam began working for the Defense Research and Development Organization (DRDO) in
1960. He was a major contributor to