ABSTRACT

Acquiring Information and Communication

Technology (ICT) skills is paramount for a successful
career in the modern workforce. This abstract explores
the crucial role of ICT proficiency in enhancing
employability and professional advancement.

ICT SKILLS
FOR SUCCESS
Session for CZM Genius Scholarship Capacity
Building Course

Anowar Hosen
Assistant General Manager
Genius Scholarship Program, and
Management Information System
Center for Zakat Management (CZM)
 Table of Contents
Introduction ........................................................................................................................................................... 1
Definition of ICT .................................................................................................................................................. 1
Importance of Tech Skills ..................................................................................................................................... 1
ICT Skills all employees should have ................................................................................................................... 2
Technological Knowledge ................................................................................................................................ 2
Online Research ................................................................................................................................................ 2
Social Media Management ............................................................................................................................... 2
Netiquette .......................................................................................................................................................... 2
Data Management ............................................................................................................................................. 2
Desktop Publishing ........................................................................................................................................... 3
Word Processing ............................................................................................................................................... 3
Collaboration..................................................................................................................................................... 3
Problem-solving ................................................................................................................................................ 3
Organization...................................................................................................................................................... 3
ICT Skills you should earn before start career:..................................................................................................... 3
Computer Literacy Skills .................................................................................................................................. 3
Microsoft Office Suite Skills ............................................................................................................................ 3
Files organizing skills ....................................................................................................................................... 4
Multitasking Skills ............................................................................................................................................ 5
Email Skills ....................................................................................................................................................... 5
Online Research Skills ...................................................................................................................................... 5
Social Media Skills ........................................................................................................................................... 5
Online Collaboration Skills............................................................................................................................... 5
Mobile Skills ..................................................................................................................................................... 6
Network /Communication Skills....................................................................................................................... 6
Internet Skills .................................................................................................................................................... 6
How to improve ICT skills ................................................................................................................................... 6
Conclusion ............................................................................................................................................................ 7
References ............................................................................................................................................................. 8
Introduction

Information and Communication Technology (ICT) encompasses the utilization of technology for
communication and information processing. It serves as a foundational element across various industries,
empowering businesses to leverage tools for routine tasks, including email communication and custom software
development using programming languages.

Proficiency in ICT skills, irrespective of the level, unlocks doors to technology-oriented job opportunities. These
skills are crucial for many careers and are often sought after by potential employers. Acquiring and honing these
skills proves advantageous, regardless of the career path or profession one chooses to pursue.

Definition of ICT

ICT is a system rather than one thing. It includes computers and other hardware, but also the software that runs
on the computer, the data used and the staff who operate the system. (1)
ICT skills are abilities that help you understand and operate a wide range of technology software. This can
include helping users with tasks on computers, such as making video calls, searching on the internet or using a
mobile device like a tablet or phone. ICT skills can also include any direct interaction with technology, including
turning on a computer, using hardware to print and copy documents and using digital cameras to capture
photographs or video footage.
ICT Components
Information and communication technology (ICT) are formed of several different components, including:
▪ Hardware – computers, printers and other physical technology devices
▪ Software – operating systems and programs installed on ICT hardware devices. These are used to create
files such as spreadsheets, databases, presentations and text-based documents
▪ Communication systems – telephone lines and wireless signals, which enable connections with other
ICT users and the internet
▪ Online data sharing platforms – for example, using a video-calling application such as Skype or
sharing files on a cloud-based system
Each of these components enables ICT users to view, save, edit and share information. Efficient use of ICT
systems can help to streamline business processes. This can lead to more effective use of time and resources.

Importance of Tech Skills

ICT skills usage is becoming increasingly prevalent in day-to-day life, as people become progressively
dependent on their digital devices.
In the workplace, ICT skills is vital for the smooth running of many everyday tasks and has been adopted for
the following reasons:

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ICT Skills all employees should have

Some job roles need a higher level of ICT skills than others. For example, many jobs within the IT and
technology sectors will require specialist ICT skills such as web development, system administration and ICT
integration.
Here is a list of ICT skills all employees should have:

Technological Knowledge
Working in ICT requires an understanding of company preferences of technology for daily duties. This can
include general experience with computers and mobile devices, like phones and tablets. This knowledge can
also include basic operations, such as maintaining and updating technology for increased efficiency.

Online Research
Online research is the method of collecting information using the internet. This involves using search engines
and educational sites for research and setting up methods of accumulating data. These methods may include
customer surveys, online interviews and metric data gathering.

Social Media Management

Social media management is the process of gathering information from social media audiences and developing
strategies tailored to their preferences. You can accomplish this through creating and distributing content for
social media profiles, monitoring online conversations and measuring engagement with profiles for a company.
Compiling social media data can provide fundamental information that can help organizations make well-
informed decisions on marketing strategies.

Netiquette
Netiquette is a set of guidelines that ensures respect for online communication. These rules apply to multiple
aspects of the internet, including email, messaging forums and video and audio chats. Netiquette involves
learning how to conduct yourself in an online community and extending the teaching of those guidelines to
coworkers who may not have as much experience with internet communication methods.

Data Management
Data management is the process of collecting, organizing and storing massive quantities of business metrics for
analysis and future decisions. This can include managing database and spreadsheet software for businesses and
organizing the data for others to understand. It can also include creating folders and files on an organization's
network and knowing how to upload, download, copy or move these files between the company's computers. In
addition, data management involves managing online accounts and keeping track of the usernames and

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passwords for these accounts.
Desktop Publishing
Desktop publishing is the creation of documents using software that prepares the digital information for
transition to a physical medium, whether it's a webpage, postcard, brochure, business card or label. It can allow
companies to use marketing information to create visual displays that attract customers. Having desktop
publishing skills may allow you to work as a graphic designer and create the original assets, or you may work
alongside a graphic designer to prepare the created assets for printing.

Word Processing
Word processing is the production or manipulation of text on a computer using specialized software. You can
prepare a document for different uses by typing written communications and formatting the document according
to an organization's desired specifications. Another part of word processing is conducting data entry, which can
involve organizing data in spreadsheets, and presenting this data through visual aids that you can create using
slideshow creation programs.

Collaboration
Collaboration is the concept of working with one or more people to complete a task or project. Technology
professionals can use their collaboration skills to help other coworkers with their technological challenges, such
as helping them learn new software or troubleshoot issues. Connecting your coworkers through online
communication services can also encourage collaboration through the internet.

Problem-solving
Problem-solving skills can help you determine the source of an issue and work toward finding an effective
solution. It often involves analysis, active listening, research and decision-making. Those with problem-solving
skills may specialize in researching or analyzing and organizing data, or they may use their skills to help
organizations find the technology or programs that can best meet their needs.

Organization
Organizational skills include the management of your time, workspace and energy to encourage the completion
of all your current tasks. Organizational skills can also include managing schedules digitally, organizing files
for easier access and cleaning out technology for better efficiency. This skill may be helpful in positions where
you're constantly maintaining computer systems.

ICT Skills you should earn before start career:

Computer Literacy Skills

This skill embraces simple knowledge and understanding of Information and Communication Technology
devices like desktop computers, laptops, photocopiers, printers, scanners, laptops, Laminating Machine,
networks etc; word processing programs, presentations programs, spreadsheets, and other standard tools to solve
a problem. It helps you to be familiar with keyboard operations, Mouse operations, Keyboard Keys and
functions, desktop environment, booting and shutting down the system, restart, log on and log off. (2)

Microsoft Office Suite Skills

Microsoft Office is used in most homes, workplaces, and educational establishments, so it’s vital that you know
how to use the MS Office suite which consists of, MS Word, MS Excel, MS PowerPoint, etc.
Microsoft Word:

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Ability to create Word documents. One needs to produce written documents including business letters, meeting
minutes, and more using Microsoft Word. The skills related here is to create, edit, collect, store, manipulate,
search, select, produce, evaluate and organize digital information needed for accomplishing basic office task. Be
familiar with the followings:
▪ The ability to use a word processing program (such as Microsoft Word) to create letters, agendas, and
minutes. Ability to use Audio recording and transcription skills.
▪ Ability to create and save documents, edit documents, format text and paragraphs, as well as be able to
add tables and graphics to your documents to make them more visually appealing.
▪ Ability to work collaboratively with others to ensure you make the process as smooth and efficient as
possible. i.e. using features such as track changes, and ensuring that you highlight your edits by using
the comment feature. This will make it easier for others to see the edits you have made, and approve or
reject them as necessary. It also makes it easier to keep track of all the versions of the document, to
ensure you can revert to an earlier version if needed.
▪ Ability to identify User interface. e.g. Ribbon, control bar, title bar, status bar, etc.
▪ Ability to identify on-screen elements common to MSOffice Suites
▪ Editing, Proofing e.g. check spelling, find/replace, thesaurus; Formatting Text e.g. font, font size, align
text, etc.
▪ Ability to deploy formatting techniques to enhance the appearance of the document.
▪ Ability to print documents; memos, letters, etc.
▪ Ability to type quickly and correctly.
Microsoft Excel:
▪ Ability to develop and manage simple data using spreadsheets.
▪ Ability to analyze the data and recognize trends and patterns.
▪ Ability to create a file, and set up a spreadsheet to contain the data you need with ease. You should also
be able to save your file regularly to make sure you don't lose any changes you may have made.
▪ Ability to work with numbers, perform, calculations and create tables, graphs, charts etc.
▪ Ability to link your sheets together and be able to format Excel files so that they appear clear and
readable
▪ Ability to use to create formulas and functions which make your spreadsheets a lot easier to manage.
Microsoft PowerPoint:
▪ Ability to use Microsoft PowerPoint tools to create professional-looking presentations with ease.
▪ Ability to use different slide types, effects, and animations to create amazing presentations.
▪ Ability to create chart, graphs
▪ Ability to use Smart Art, Icon and Shapes
▪ Ability to remove Image background and compress Image
▪ Ability to create and edit the information that will appear in slides

Files organizing skills

These skills required one to organize files into different categories for easy identification, easy access, and quick
retrieval.
▪ Skills to efficiently manage files e.g. find, copy, rename, and recover.
▪ Ability to efficiently and effectively organize files into categories like Images, Video, Audio,
Documents, Installation files, downloads files etc.
▪ Ability to create folders for storing other important information.

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 ▪ Copying a file/folder, moving a file/folder, delete files/folder, restoring files/folders, Show or Hide
Hidden Files and Folders, Compressing Files and Folders, searching for files /folders, restoring files
from the Recycle Bin, Emptying the Recycle bin.
▪ Back up important files in either an External Hard disk or in cloud services e.g. OneDrive, Google Drive,
Dropbox, etc, or other storage devices, just in case.

Multitasking Skills
This requires the skills of doing multiple tasks or processing multiple jobs at the same time. e.g. one will be
composing a mail, printing copies of a document, downloading documents, listening to a piece of music, or
tutorial on how to develop computer skills at the same time.
▪ Ability to integrate files from different applications
▪ Ability to integrate basic ICT devices – Including Desktop, printers, scanners, photocopiers,
smartphones, tablets, and projectors.

Email Skills
Email skills enable one to effectively and successfully set up emails, compose/reply mail to colleagues,
employers, clients, vendors, and so on.
▪ Ability to identify components of e-mail
▪ The ability to use an email solution (such as Microsoft Outlook, Gmail) to communicate with internal
and external contacts, keep calendars up to date, and book meetings.
▪ The ability to have an in-depth knowledge of email systems, and to create and manage user accounts
will be advanced skills.
▪ Be familiar with the popular Email Accounts e.g. Yahoo, Gmail, Outlook, etc.

Online Research Skills

This involves basic online browsing efficiently to search in the web to find the information you need.
▪ Ability to identify different browser and access the internet e.g. Microsoft Edge, Mozilla, Chrome,
Safari, etc.
▪ Ability to conduct online research through YouTube, Google, etc.
▪ Being familiar with eLearning platforms, online registration, signup, etc.
▪ Ability to complete online training competently.
▪ Ability to complete an online quiz etc.
▪ Ability to stay online safely

Social Media Skills

Social media are interactive digital channels that facilitate the creation and sharing of information, ideas, interest,
and other forms of expression through virtual communities and networks. Some tasks require you to use social
media. The more you know about the benefits and limits of social media, the more you can begin to use that
media in valuable ways at work. The most popular ones include e.g. Facebook, WhatsApp, YouTube, Twitter,
etc
Ability to chat with team members, create group chats, and share documents via social media apps, etc.

Online Collaboration Skills

Online collaboration refers to any means of sharing information with your colleagues, supervisors, or clients
online.
▪ Ability to be familiar with video conferencing tools such as Microsoft Teams, Zoom and Skype, and
feel comfortable participating in video conferences.
▪ Ability to access and share your files anywhere, anytime on any device connected online.
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 ▪ Ability to use online tools to accomplish your task

Mobile Skills
Mobile skills foster competency in interaction with basic digital tools. e.g. tab, laptop, smartphone devices,
laptops etc. Here it is important to know how to synchronize these digital devices in accessing information,
email, composing text messages, creating WhatsApp groups, sharing files using Bluetooth, Apps etc.
Basic skills here cover the hardware and software know-how that are required to use various technological assets
(computers, smartphones, software (word processors, applications), online operations (Internet, search engines,
social networks, e-commerce, privacy), and communication media.

Network /Communication Skills

The Network/communication skills relate to transmitting, exchanging information, and working with others
remotely through technology. Here:
▪ exchange of data between users that have network access,
▪ access to shared devices, such as network printers, network disks, etc.,
▪ Enables user communication and socializing, etc.
▪ Ability to use digital devices to record proceedings, and minutes and transcribe them later
▪ Ability to connect devices to a simple network,
▪ Ability to connect devices through Bluetooth
▪ Ability to setup wireless network
▪ Ability to set up a hotspot and connect devices
▪ Ability to determine whether there is internet access/connection or not.
▪ Ability to access the internet using different devices
▪ Ability to identify how hardware devices are connected to and installed on a computer system.
▪ Ability to perform online banking transactions.

Internet Skills
▪ Ability to identify and locate browser and navigate the internet
▪ Ability to locate where to type a web address and browse the internet.
▪ Ability to conduct a search and get results
▪ Ability to download and locate downloaded files
▪ Ability to understand how to navigate using a browser, e.g. Google, Chrome, edge, Microsoft Edge,
Mozilla, Safari etc.
▪ Ability to do online registration, sign up
▪ Clear browsing history on your browser of any computer you use online.
▪ Ability to identify fake websites from genuine websites
▪ Ability to identify which website has genuine information
▪ Ability to be safe online why conducting a simple online search
▪ Ability to identify and understand the concept of hyperlink
▪ Ability to identify spam and phishing emails, messages etc.
▪ Ability to carry out some basic online transaction e.g. cash transfer, pay Bills Airtime recharge, etc.
▪ Ability to use code to USSD code to do basic operations and verification

How to improve ICT skills

If you have very little experience of using ICT, take steps to familiarize yourself with digital technology.

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If you are looking for employment, research and invest in the equipment you will be expected to use in your
preferred job role. Buying a basic laptop/computer will enable you to quickly learn the essential ICT skills listed
above.
If you already have basic ICT knowledge but you want to improve your skills, take time to carefully study the
job description and person specification for the role(s) you are applying for.
Compile a list of the essential and desirable ICT skills required for each role. Tick off any areas you are already
skillful in, making notes of specific times when you have demonstrated these skills. It is important to be honest.
Here are the steps you can take to improve your ICT skills:

• Identify Skill Gaps: Assess your current ICT skills to pinpoint areas that need improvement,
considering both technical and soft skills relevant to your career goals.
• Set Clear Goals: Establish specific and achievable objectives for enhancing your ICT proficiency.
Break down larger goals into smaller, manageable tasks to track progress effectively.
• Online Courses and Tutorials: Utilize online platforms offering a variety of ICT courses. Platforms
like Coursera, edX, and LinkedIn Learning provide courses on programming, data analysis,
cybersecurity, and more.
• Hands-On Practice: Apply theoretical knowledge through practical exercises. Engage in coding
projects, data analysis tasks, or system troubleshooting to reinforce your understanding and develop
practical skills.
• Networking and Collaboration: Join ICT communities, forums, or social media groups. Networking
allows you to exchange knowledge, seek advice, and collaborate on projects, fostering a supportive
learning environment.
• Stay Informed: Keep up with industry trends and technological advancements. Subscribe to
newsletters, follow tech blogs, and attend webinars to stay informed about the latest developments in
the ICT field.
• Certifications: Pursue relevant certifications to validate your skills. Certificates from recognized
institutions can enhance your credibility and marketability in the job market.
• Mentorship: Seek guidance from experienced professionals in the ICT industry. A mentor can provide
valuable insights, share practical experiences, and offer advice on navigating the complexities of the
field.
• Practice Time Management: Efficiently allocate time for learning and practice. Create a schedule that
balances skill development with other commitments, ensuring consistent and sustainable progress.
• Feedback and Iteration: Solicit feedback on your work from peers, mentors, or online communities.
Use constructive criticism to refine your skills and continuously iterate on your learning approach.
• Adaptability: Embrace a mindset of continuous learning. The ICT landscape evolves rapidly, and being
adaptable ensures you can readily acquire new skills to stay relevant in the dynamic industry.
Remember, consistent effort and a proactive approach are key to successfully enhancing your ICT skills and
advancing your career.

Conclusion

ICT skills are an essential requirement for the majority of job roles. Having these skills will help you to organize
your workload, streamline processes and access digital information.
When applying for jobs, improving your ICT skills is a sensible way to give yourself a competitive advantage
over other candidates.

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As part of your interview preparation, spend time practicing any essential ICT skills that you may be tested on.
You should also think of some examples of times when you have effectively used ICT systems to achieve an
objective. (2)

References

1. https://cmsvoc.co.uk/blog/employability-how-can-ict-skills-help-you-get-a-job/. [Online]
2. Aker, Akusa Peter. Basic Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Skills. Dhaka :
https://nji.gov.ng/, 2022.
3. https://www.indeed.com/career-advice/resumes-cover-letters/ict-skills. [Online]
4. https://www.wikijob.co.uk/application-advice/job-applications/what-are-ict-skills#what-are-ict-skills.
[Online]