FAKULTI TEKNOLOGI DAN KEJURUTERAAN

ELEKTRONIK DAN KOMPUTER

UNIVERSITI TEKNIKAL MALAYSIA MELAKA

SIGNAL & SYSTEM

BERT 2423 SEMESTER 1 SESSION 2023/2024

LAB 4: DISCRETE-TIME FOURIER SERIES (DTFS) ANALYSIS

1. FADZILAH HUSNA BINTI AHMAD

B122310314
RASHIDI
NAME OF GROUP
2. NURUL FARAHANIS BINTI MOHAMMAD
MEMBER(S)& B122310268
NAJIB
MATRIX NUMBER(S)

COURSE BERT 1/1

DATE 14/12/2023

DR. NOR AZLAN BIN MOHD ARIS

NAME OF INSTRUCTOR(S)

EXAMINER’S COMMENT(S) VERIFICATION STAMP

TOTAL MARKS
1.0 OBJECTIVES
1. To simulate the Discrete-Time Fourier Series of a periodic discrete signal.
2. To plot the magnitude and phase of Discrete-Time Fourier Series (DTFS)
coefficients.

2.0 EQUIPMENT
MATLAB® software.

3.0 SYNOPSIS& THEORY

Refer to lecture notes and a reference book under topic “Discrete-Time Fourier
Series (DTFS) for more detail.

The Discrete Time Fourier Series (DTFS) representation is:

N −1
jk Ωo n
x [n ]= ∑ X [ k ] e
k =0

Where x[n] is a periodic signal with period N and fundamental frequency o=2/N.

X[k] is the DTFS coefficient of signal x[n]:

N−1
1 − jk Ωo n
X [ k ]=
N
∑ x [ n] e
n=0

The relationship of the above equation:

x [ n ]⃗
DTFS ;Ωo X [ k ]

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4.0 PROCEDURE

Figure 1: Time-domain signal, x[n]

From periodic signal, x[n] in Figure 1, the DTFS coefficient X[k] is

X [ k ]=
1
5 { 1 1
1+ e jk 2 π /5− e− jk 2 π /5
2 2 }
1
¿ {1+ jsin ( k 2 π /5 ) }
5
Where period N=5 and o=2/5

Using MATLAB, type the coding below to plot graph for signal, x[n], and magnitude and
phase of the DTFS coefficient for signal x[n],

n=-6:6;

xn=[0.5 1 -0.5 0 0 0.5 1 -0.5 0 0 0.5 1 -0.5];

k=-10:10;

xk=(1/5)*(1+j*sin(k*2*pi/5));

subplot(3,1,1); stem(n, xn);

xlabel('n'); ylabel('x[n]');
title('Time-Domain Signal, x[n]');

subplot(3,1,2); stem(k, abs(xk));

xlabel('k'); ylabel('|X(k)|');
title('Magnitude of DTFS coefficient for x[n]');

subplot(3,1,3); stem(k, angle(xk));

xlabel('k'); ylabel('arg{X[k]} (radians)');
title('Phase of DTFS coefficient for x[n]');

NOTE: DTFS coefficient, x[k] also can be plot in “exp” by changing the equation for xk

xk=(1/5)*(1+0.5*exp(0.4*pi*j*k)-0.5*exp(-0.4*pi*k*j));

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 5.0 EXPERIMENT DATA
(No Experiment Data)

5.0 EXPERIMENT RESULTS

(Attached all the graphs at a different sheet.)

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6.0 QUESTION & DISCUSSION

1. Prove the DTFS coefficient, X[k] for signal, x[n] in Figure 1. Show your calculation.

2. Determine the DTFS coeffiecient of the following signals. Show your calculation and
plot the graph using Matlab. (Attach your codings and graphs)

(a)

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(b)

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 3. Discuss your results. 1
N−1
− jk Ωo n
X [ k ]=
N
∑ x [ n] e
- By following this formula n=0 we manage to calculate the DTFS.
After finish the calculation we modify the the program for xk to get the final result. For
question 2a we get the N = 6 and for question 2b N=15.

7.0 CONCLUSION

- Finally, we learned about the Discrete-Time Fourier Series of a Periodic Discrete Signal
in this lab.The Discrete-Time Fourier Series (DTFS) is a sum of complex exponential
functions that represents a periodic discrete-time signal. We learned how to simulate the
Discrete-Time-Fourier Series of a periodic discrete signal in this experiment.
Furthermore, utilising the DTFS formula from the lab sheet, we able to plot the magnitude
and phase of Discrete-Time Fourier series (DTFS) coefficients and determine the final
equation and value for the graph. Finally, we use the equation and answers to show the
DTFS coefficient, X[k], for signal, x[n], and find the graph for the equation.

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