Chapter 2 Covalent substances

Chapter 2 checklist
Success criteria – I am now able to: Linked
questions
2A.1 Recall the definitions of ‘covalent bond’ and ‘lone pair’ 11
2A.2 Recall the number of covalent bonds made by elements in a particular 3
group on the periodic table
2A.3 Distinguish between Lewis structures, structural formulas and 1
molecular formulas
2A.4 Recall the steps of how to draw Lewis structures using the number of 1, 2, 17
valence electrons, number of covalent bonds and octet rule to represent
molecules
2A.5 Identify shared electrons and lone pairs on Lewis structure diagrams 11
2B.1 Define ‘electron domain’ 17
2B.2 Recall the four shapes of molecules according to the valence shell 4, 9, 12
electron pair repulsion (VSEPR) theory
2B.3 Determine two factors that affect the shape of molecules 4, 9, 12
2B.4 Draw the shape of molecules according to the VSEPR theory and 4, 9, 12
display arrows (direction) of dipoles, including partial charges where
required
2B.5 Explain the differences between non-polar and polar molecules in 5, 9, 13
relation to the arrangement of atoms in molecules
2B.6 Determine the polarity of molecules based on the polarity of the 5, 9, 13
covalent bonds and molecular geometry
2C.1 Describe the differences between intramolecular and intermolecular 6
bonding (forces)
2C.2 Recall the three types of intermolecular forces 6, 7, 8, 9
2C.3 Determine which intermolecular forces exist between different 7, 8, 9
covalent molecules, based on the polarity of the covalent bonds and
molecular geometry
2C.4 Explain the relationship between the strength of intermolecular forces 14, 15
and a molecule’s melting and boiling points
2C.5 Rationalise the non-conduction of electricity by covalent molecules 9
2D.1 Understand and illustrate the crystal structure and bonding of both 10
diamond and graphite
2D.2 Explain the difference in physical properties of diamond and graphite: 16
appearance, heat conductivity, electrical conductivity and hardness
2D.3 Recall the applications of both diamond and graphite in society 16

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