Name: Marny D.

Flores TTHS (4:30-5:30)

REFLECTION LESSON 12

A leader of the reformist movement in Spain, Dr. Jose Rizal, was arrested, tried and
sentenced to death by a Spanish court-martial after being implicated as a leader of the
Philippine Revolution.The night before his death by firing squad at the Luneta on December 30,
1896, accounts exist that Rizal allegedly retracted his Masonic ideals and his writings and
reconverted to Catholicism following several hours of persuasion by Jusuit priest.

The following primary sources are of two kind:

 The first two are the official accounts as witnessed by the Jesuits who were instrument
in the alleged retraction of Rizal.
 The other two are critical analyses by two Rizalist scholars who doubted the story of the
retraction.

Fr. Vicente Balaguer’s Statement

- He claimed that he managed to persuade Rizal to denounce Masonry and return ro the
catholic fold. In an affidavit executed in 119117 when he had returned to spain,
Balaguer also claimed that he was the one who solemnized the marriage of Josephine
Bracken and Rizal, hours before the hero’s execution.

Fr. Pio Pi’s Statement

- He issued an affidavit recounting his involvement in the alleged retraction of Rizal.

Unlike Father Balguer, however, he was involved only in securing the retraction
document from Arcbishop of Manila Bernardino Nozaleda and writing another shorter
retraction document as well, which was the one Rizal allegedly copied.

Rafael Palma’s Critical Analysis

- Lawyer, writer, educator and politician Rafael Palma was the author Biografia de Rizal, a
work on the life of National hero which won a literary contest in 1938 sponsored by the
Commonwealth Government. The publication of the book however, was postponed
because of World War II and only saw print in 1949.

Austin Coastes’s Critical Analysis

- Austin Coates’s interest in Jose Rizal Began when he was the Assistant Colonial Secretary
and Magistrate in Hong Kong in 1950. His first study on Rizal was on the latters year long
stay in Hong Kong.

Per Fr. Before he was executed, Vicente Balaguer was able to convince Jose Rizal to take back
all of the statements he had made against the Catholic Church. Additionally, he claimed to have
conducted the marriage ceremony between Jose Rizal and Josephine Bracken, his former flame.
The primary idea of Fr. is also the aforementioned retraction of Jose Rizal. The narrative of Pio
Pi. He was in charge of obtaining Jose Rizal's document of retraction. According to both of their
testimonies, Jose Rizal was retracted, and it happened before he passed away. They were also
there as witnesses to the aforementioned retraction. In contrast, the following two analyses
provided evidence that Jose Rizal's retraction was false and manufactured. Rafael Palma, the
author of Rizal's biography, was acclaimed.
Name: Marny D. Flores TTHS (4:30-5:30)

REFLECTION LESSON 11

The gathering exposed latent rivalries and tensions between the revolutionary leaders,
especially Aguinaldo and Bonifacio. A divided revolutionary movement resulted from the
contentious election process and Aguinaldo's subsequent acts contesting Bonifacio's legitimacy
as leader.

The first days of the Philippine Revolution saw the defeat of the Katipunan in Manila.
forcing Bonifacio and his mean to retreat to the mountains of Montalban, It was a different
story in Cavite Here, the Katipunan under Emilio Aguinaldo managed to subdue the Spanish
forces by surprise and tale control of the province. The victory however was whort lived as
Cavite Katipuneros which consisted of two groups, the Magdiwang ( Bonifacio) and Magdalo
( Aguinaldo) fought each other over territory and logistics. Unable to resolve their differences,
Aguinaldo invited the Supremo Andres Bonofacio to Cavite to mediate.

Bonifacio sided with the Magdiwangs which only infuriated the Magdalos. The two groups
finally agreed to form a revolutionary government which lead the revolution.

Artemio Ricarte’s Account

- Ricarte was elected in the Tejeros Assembly as Captain-General of the revolutionary

government. He initially refused the position but his objections were overruled by the
electoral body.

I've given it some thinking, and I think the Tejeros Assembly was a turning point that
exposed the internal problems and power struggles the Philippine revolutionary movement was
dealing with. It shows how conflicting political ideologies and individual objectives may derail a
united front against a common enemy. The assembly's choice had an impact on the revolution
and contributed to the depressing events that followed, which included the execution of
Andres Bonifacio.

I learn the importance of unity in trying circumstances and the subtleties of leadership
from the Tejeros Assembly. It highlights how important it is for leaders to collaborate,
communicate effectively, and share a single vision in order to achieve a shared goal. It also
highlights how political maneuvering and internal strife can affect a revolutionary movement's
ability to succeed.

The Tejeros Assembly, a significant turning point in Philippine history, serves as a

reminder of the difficulties involved in establishing a new nation and the value of reflecting on
the past to improve the present. It also highlights how, in order to defeat both internal enemies
and outside oppressors, there must be a shared dedication to the ideals of democracy, justice,
and equality.

In light of these concerns, Bonifacio and his supporters walked out of the convention, refusing
to recognize the legitimacy of the elected leaders, including Emilio Aguinaldo as president. This
dissent eventually led to a further division among the revolutionary forces, weakening their
unified front against the Spanish colonial forces. The aftermath of the Tejeros Convention and
the subsequent events, including the trial and execution of Bonifacio, had a profound impact on
the course of the Philippine Revolution. The divisions that emerged during this period had
lasting consequences for the revolutionary movement and the struggle for Philippine
independence.
Name: Marny D. Flores TTHS (4:30-5:30)

REFLECTION LESSON 13

The National Historical Commission of the Philippines (NHCP) recognizes and protects historic
monuments and landmarks, which are important initiatives that greatly advance the country's
historical awareness. Thinking back on these recognized locations provides understanding of
the rich cultural legacy, the independence movements, and the Filipino people's shared
identity.

Hundreds of sites all over the Philippines became part of our history and culture. Many of these
sites and landmarks are recognized by the National Historical Commission of the Philippines.
NCHP is responsible for conservation and preservation of the country’s historical legacies. Its
major thrust encompass ambitious cultural program on historical studies, curatorial works,
architectural conservation, Philippine heraldry, historical information dissemination activities,
restoration and other renewed Filipinos.

The NHCP's designation of historic sites is an expression of its dedication to protecting the
Philippines' rich cultural legacy. These locations frequently house architectural, archaeological,
or cultural gems that offer a direct connection to the past of the country. When one considers
this preservation endeavor, they can recognize the commitment to preserving the tangible
artifacts of the past for upcoming generations. Thinking back on NHCP-designated sites also
highlights the difficulties in preserving them, such as financial constraints, conservation needs,
and the enduring risk of urbanization or natural calamities. It underlines how important it is to
keep working to preserve great locations for upcoming generations. A few designated locations
are linked to significant occasions in Philippine history, including the country's independence
proclamation, revolutionary uprisings, and critical junctures in the fight against colonialism.
Thinking back on these locations encourages appreciation for the sacrifices made by previous
generations and leads to a deeper comprehension of the historical context.

A large number of NHCP-recognized locations are turned into popular tourism

destinations, bringing in travelers from both domestic and international travel. This promotes
cultural exchange in addition to strengthening the economy. Thinking about how tourism
affects historic sites makes one think about responsible tourism and striking a balance between
accessibility and preservation.

In conclusion, an essential component of cultural stewardship is the National Historical

Commission of the Philippines' designation of historic sites and landmarks. By thinking back on
these locations, one might gain an appreciation for the depth of Philippine history and develop
a sense of duty to preserve and pass it on to future generations. In conclusion, an essential
component of cultural stewardship is the National Historical Commission of the Philippines'
designation of historic sites and landmarks. By thinking back on these locations, one might gain
an appreciation for the depth of Philippine history and develop a sense of duty to preserve and
pass it on to future generations. Historical sites provide valuable evidence for researchers and
scholars studying the past. Archaeological sites, in particular, offer insights into ancient
cultures, lifestyles, and technological advancements. In summary, historical sites are essential
for preserving cultural heritage, educating future generations, fostering national identity, and
contributing to economic, social, and environmental well-being. They are valuable resources
that connect people to their past and provide a foundation for a more informed and culturally
rich society.