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Semantics
By: Fourth Group
SEMANTICS
X
LEXICAL
share a basic vocabulary.
SEMANTICS
Dictionaries are filled with words
and their meanings. We are a
walking dicitonaries because we
know the meanings of thousands
of words. Our knowledge of
information about words and
morphemes is called the lexicon.
Semantic
Properties
The components of meanings of words. For example, the semantic property "human"
can be found in many words such as parent, doctor, baby, professor, widow, and
aunt. Other semantic properties include animate objects, male, female, countable
items and non-countable items.
Semantic Property Verbs Having It
The lexicon is the part of the grammar that contains the knowledge
that speakers have about individual words and morphemes,
including semantic properties.
Semantic classes may intersect, such as the class of words with the
properties "female" and "young". The words girl and filly are
members of this class.
One way of representating semantic properties is
by use of semantic features. Semantic features
are a formal or notational device that indicates
the presence or absence of semantic properties by
pluses and minuses.
Example :
Example :
If we add the article the to form the red balloon, the expression means "a
particular instance of a balloon that is red"
Large Balloon
The phrase large balloon would be interpreted differently because
part of the meaning of large is that it is a relative concept
The semantic rules for adjective-noun combinations are complex
*The boy opened the door with the key with a lock -pick
Sentential Meaning
The "Truth" of The Sentence Entailment
- The declaration of independence was signed in
- Corday assasinnated Marat
1946
Marat is dead
- The declaration of independence was signed in
1945
Contradiction
Paraphrase
- Elizabeth II is Queen of England
- The horse threw the rider Elizabeth II is a man
- The rider was thrown by the horse