IOT BASED WIRELESS VEHICLE CHARGING STATION

DEPARTMENT OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION

GOVERNMENT ENGINEERING COLLAGE

HUVINAHADAGALI-583219,VIJAYANAGAR.

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

2023-2024

A FINAL PROJECT SYNOPSIS ON

“ IOT BASED WIRELESS VEHICLE CHARGING STATION

SUBMITED BY:

GANESH S G 2GB20EC003

THYAGARAJA J 2GB20EC020

MADHU KUMAR M 2GB20EC009

JEEVAN K 2GB20EC006

UNDER THE GUIDENCE OF:

MR.MANUKUMAR G B

……………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………..

SIGNATURE OF PROJECT GUIDE SIGNATURE OF PROJECT CO-ORDINATOR

MR.MANUKUMAR

Govt Engineering college Huvina-hadagali Vijayanagar

Dept of ECE GEC HH 2023-24

IOT BASED WIRELESS VEHICLE CHARGING STATION

CONTENTS

ABSTRACT…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….1

INTRODUCTION……………………………………………………………………………………….....................2

LITRETURE REVIEW……………………………………………………………………………………………..3

PROJECT OBJECTIVES…………………………………………………………………………………………….5

MOTIVATION OF THE PROJECT………………………………………………………………………………5

METHODOLOGY……………………………………………………………………………………………………...6

HARDWARE AND SOFWERE REQUIREMENTS…………………………………………………………8

APPLICATION OF THE PROJECTE…………………………………………………………………………….9

SCOPE FOR FUTURE WORKING………………………………………………………………………………..9

REFERENCES…………………………………………………………………………………………………………10

Dept of ECE GEC HH 2023-24

IOT BASED WIRELESS VEHICLE CHARGING STATION

ABSTRACT

The increasing adoption of Electric Vehicles (EVs) worldwide necessitates the development of
intelligent and sustainable charging infrastructure. This project introduces an IoT-based
wireless vehicle charging station with a focus on optimizing energy consumption and costs.
The system integrates seamlessly into smart city strategies, providing real-time information to
consumers and utility companies. The hardware components include a transformer, bridge
rectifier, regulator, Arduino microcontroller, LCD display, WiFi module, buzzer, and relay.
These elements collectively enable the charging station to connect to the grid, monitor power
intake and outgoing rates, display battery State of Charge (SOC), and implement user
preferences through a secure and efficient system. This methodology leverages the Internet of
Things (IoT) and wireless technologies to optimize electric vehicle charging stations. Through
the deployment of sensors, a robust IoT communication network, and wireless charging pads,
the system ensures efficient utilization and a seamless user experience. Real-time data from
sensors enables effective station management, while smart algorithms dynamically adjust
charging parameters based on factors such as electricity demand and user preferences. The
wireless nature of the charging technology enhances convenience, eliminating physical
connectors. Security features are integrated to protect user data and prevent unauthorized
access. Overall, this IoT-based methodology advances the accessibility, efficiency, and security
of electric vehicle charging infrastructure, promoting sustainable transportation solutions.

Dept of ECE GEC HH 2023-24

IOT BASED WIRELESS VEHICLE CHARGING STATION

INTRODUCTION

The transition to Electric Vehicles (EVs) is reshaping the landscape of transportation, marking a
significant stride towards sustainable mobility. With the global momentum behind EV adoption, the
imperative for advanced and intelligent charging infrastructure has become increasingly apparent.
This project introduces a ground breaking IoT -based wireless vehicle charging station, meticulously
crafted to confront the emerging challenges and opportunities in the dynamic realm of electric
mobility. In essence, our primary objective is to engineer a smart charging solution that not only
accommodates the burgeoning fleet of EVs but also aligns with the broader objectives of smart city
initiatives. By harnessing the power of the Internet of Things (IoT), our charging station facilitates
real-time monitoring, employs data analytics, and optimizes the charging process. This convergence
of technology not only ensures a seamless charging experience for EV users but also contributes to a
more sustainable and efficient energy consumption paradigm, shaping the trajectory of urban
mobility.

As we delve into the intricate details of hardware and software integration, our charging station seeks
to be more than a mere power delivery point. It aspires to be a dynamic hub that harmonizes with the
evolving needs of the electric mobility ecosystem. From transformer and bridge rectifier components
to sophisticated data analytics algorithms, each element has been meticulously chosen to embody
innovation and efficiency. The user interface, manifested through an LCD display and a dedicated
application, aims to democratize information, offering real-time insights into charging status, tariff
rates, and battery State of Charge (SOC). Empowering users with remote monitoring and control
capabilities enhances the overall charging experience, marking a pivotal stride towards user-centric
electric mobility solutions.

With the ever-growing demand for sustainable transportation solutions, electric vehicles (EVs) have
gained significant traction. To support the widespread adoption of EVs, efficient and user-friendly
charging infrastructure is imperative. In response to this need, an innovative approach harnessing the
capabilities of the Internet of Things (IoT) and wireless technologies has been developed for electric
vehicle charging stations.

This methodology integrates a range of cutting-edge technologies to create an intelligent and adaptive
charging environment. By deploying sensors at the charging stations, real-time data on availability
and usage is continuously collected. An IoT-enabled communication network facilitates seamless
connectivity between the charging infrastructure, electric vehicles, and a central control unit. This
interconnected system not only enhances user accessibility but also enables remote monitoring and
management.

One of the key advancements in this methodology is the implementation of wireless charging
technology. By eliminating the reliance on physical connectors and cables, wireless charging not only
enhances user convenience but als

Dept of ECE GEC HH 2023-24

IOT BASED WIRELESS VEHICLE CHARGING STATION

LITERATURE REVIEW

1. conducted by P. Paul et al. (2021), an ESP32-based wireless charging station was developed for
electric vehicles: The charging station was designed to be controlled remotely using an Android
application. The ESP32 module was used to monitor the charging process, collect data, and provide
realtime feedback to the user. The authors reported that the charging station was efficient and
reliable, and the ESP32 module provided accurate and real-time monitoring of the charging process.

2.by D. Mandal et al. (2021), an ESP32-based wireless charging station was developed for mobile
devices: The charging station was designed to charge multiple devices simultaneously and was
equipped with inductive coils to ensure efficient charging. The ESP32 module was used to monitor the
charging process, collect data, and provide real-time feedback to the user. The authors reported that
the charging station was efficient and reliable, and the ESP32 module provided accurate and real-time
monitoring of the charging process.

3. conducted by A. Sharma et al. (2020), an ESP32-based wireless charging station was

developed for electric vehicles. The charging station was designed to charge the vehicle battery
using inductive power transfer. The ESP32 module was used to monitor the charging process, collect
data, and provide real-time feedback to the user. The authors reported that the charging station was
efficient and reliable, and the ESP32 module provided accurate and real-time monitoring of the
charging process.

4. by C. Li et al. (2020), an ESP32-based wireless charging station was developed for wearable
devices. The charging station was designed to charge the devices using inductive power transfer. The
ESP32 module was used to monitor the charging process, collect data, and provide real-time feedback
to the user. The authors reported that the charging station was efficient and reliable, and the ESP32
module provided accurate and real-time monitoring of the charging process

5. Electric Vehicle Charging System using Wireless Power Transmission, IoT and Sensors,
2020 International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET): In this paper, a
wireless charging system is used to charge the vehicle wirelessly via inductive coupling. The
transmission of electrical energy from source to load from a distance without any conducting wire or
cables is called Wireless Power Transmission. The concept of wireless power transfer was the
greatest invention by Nikola Tesla. Also, an Internet of things based collection system is designed in
which a person can use the RFID to pay the charging charges of that vehicle. The system checks if the
person has sufficient balance and then deduct the charging charges and update the balance. The
Internet of Things describes the network of physical objects that uses sensors, software, and other
technologies for the purpose of connecting and exchanging data with other devices and systems. This
system doesn’t require any human interaction. The result of this project is we can charge our vehicles
wirelessly via inductive coupling and pay our charging charges through RFID tags. Wireless power
transmission might be one of the technologies that are one step towards the future. This project can
open up new possibilities of wireless charging that can use in our daily lives.

Dept of ECE GEC HH 2023-24

IOT BASED WIRELESS VEHICLE CHARGING STATION

6. Wireless Mobile Charger Design Based on Inductive Coupling, 2019 International Journal of
Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD): In this paper, authors have been
proposed wireless charging system by using inductive coupling. There was a growing market to
construct the wireless charging system in the various kinds of electronic devices. There were many
kinds of methods in wireless charging system. Among them, inductive coupling method was the
simplest method. The system used Arduino microcontroller to produce the required frequency for
driving the induction coil because it gave more accurate frequency than other controllers. In this
circuit, N channel mode MOSFET IRFZ44N was used for driving the inductive coil because of its
accurate switching timing and ratings. An important issue associated with all wireless power systems
was limiting the exposure of people and other living things to potentially injurious electromagnetic
fields. Finally, the wireless charger for mobile phones became an important role of human life style
because of its simple design and safety for humans. The most powerful output can be obtained at
switching frequency of 100 kHz for the design shown in earlier sections.

Dept of ECE GEC HH 2023-24

IOT BASED WIRELESS VEHICLE CHARGING STATION

PROJECT OBJECTIVES

1. Develop an IoT-based wireless vehicle charging station for efficient and intelligent EV charging.

2. Integrate IoT technologies to enable real-time monitoring, data analytics, and optimization.

3. Ensure scalability, flexibility, and alignment with smart city initiatives.

4. Create a user-friendly interface for real-time information and remote control.

Dept of ECE GEC HH 2023-24

IOT BASED WIRELESS VEHICLE CHARGING STATION

METHODOLOGY

The below figure 1 show the block diagram of IOT BASED WIRELESS VEHICLE CHARGING STATION

Figure 1: IOT BASED WIRELESS VEHICLE CHARGING STATION

The project begins by establishing a connection to the electrical grid using a transformer, bridge
rectifier, and regulator for stability. Sensors, including power intake and outgoing power rate sensors,
collect real-time data on energy consumption and battery SOC. The Arduino microcontroller
processes this data, implementing algorithms to control the charging process. Through a WiFi
module, the Arduino communicates with an IoT platform hosted on the web, facilitating real-time
monitoring and data transmission. Tariff rate optimization is a key feature, with algorithms analyzing
power rates to minimize costs. The user interface, comprising an LCD display and application,
provides real-time information on charging status, tariff rates, and battery SOC, enabling remote
monitoring and control. A buzzer alerts users to important events, and a relay controls power flow for
user-defined preferences. Security measures, including secure communication and user
authentication, safeguard against unauthorized access.

An IoT-based wireless vehicle charging station employs advanced technologies to streamline the
process of electric vehicle charging. The methodology involves integrating Internet of Things (IoT)
devices and wireless communication protocols to create an efficient and user-friendly charging
infrastructure.

Firstly, sensors are deployed at the charging station to monitor the availability of charging spots and
to detect the presence of electric vehicles. These sensors continuously collect data and communicate
wirelessly with a central control unit. This real-time data helps manage the charging station's capacity
and ensures optimal utilization.

Next, an IoT-enabled communication network is established to connect the charging station

components. This network allows seamless communication between the charging infrastructure,

Dept of ECE GEC HH 2023-24

IOT BASED WIRELESS VEHICLE CHARGING STATION

electric vehicles, and a central monitoring system. Through this network, users can remotely access
information about charging availability, station status, and even initiate or schedule charging sessions
via a mobile application or a web interface.

Wireless charging technology plays a crucial role in this methodology. It eliminates the need for
physical connectors and cables, offering a more convenient and flexible charging experience. The
wireless charging pads use resonant inductive coupling or other technologies to transfer power
efficiently to the electric vehicle's battery.

Furthermore, the IoT system incorporates smart algorithms to optimize charging processes. These
algorithms consider factors such as electricity demand, grid load, and user preferences to dynamically
adjust charging parameters. This ensures that the charging station operates efficiently while
minimizing the impact on the overall power grid.

Security features are also integrated into the IoT-based system to safeguard user data, prevent
unauthorized access, and protect against cyber threats.

Dept of ECE GEC HH 2023-24

IOT BASED WIRELESS VEHICLE CHARGING STATION

HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS

1. Transformer

2. Bridge rectifier

3. Regulator

4. Arduino

5. LCD display

6. WiFi module

7. Buzzer

8. Relay

9. Current transformer

10. Switch

11. PCB (Printed Circuit Board)

12. Android Device (for application interface)

13.Eagle

14. Proteus

15. Arduino id

1.Transformer:

In the wireless vehicle charging station project, a transformer is used to adjust the voltage levels,
efficiently converting the power supply to a suitable level for the charging system. It enables safe and
effective wireless power transfer between the charging station and the vehicle, aligning voltage
requirements for optimal performance.

2.Brige rectifier:

A bridge rectifier is used in the wireless vehicle charging station project to convert the alternating current
(AC) from the transformer to direct current (DC). This conversion is essential for providing a steady and
unidirectional power source, ensuring compatibility with the electronic components in the charging
system, such as the voltage regulator and control circuitry.

Dept of ECE GEC HH 2023-24

IOT BASED WIRELESS VEHICLE CHARGING STATION

3.Regulator:

In the context of the wireless vehicle charging station project, a regulator is used to maintain a stable and
constant output voltage. This is crucial for ensuring that the electronic components in the charging system
receive a consistent and regulated power supply. The regulator helps prevent voltage fluctuations,
ensuring safe and efficient charging of the electric vehicle by providing a reliable and controlled DC
voltage.

4.Arduino:

In the wireless vehicle charging station project, an Arduino is employed as a central control unit. The
Arduino functions as a microcontroller, managing and coordinating various tasks such as relay control for
power management, monitoring sensors like current transformers, and facilitating communication with
other components like the WiFi module. It acts as the brain of the system, executing programmed
instructions to ensure the safe and efficient operation of the charging station.

5.Lcd display:

The LCD display in the wireless vehicle charging station project serves as a user interface, providing real-
time visual feedback on charging status, battery level, or other relevant information. It enhances user
interaction by displaying information in a clear and readable format, making it easier for users to monitor
and understand the charging process.

6.Wifi module:

In the wireless vehicle charging station project, a WiFi module is utilized for wireless communication. This
module enables connectivity between the charging station and external devices, such as smartphones or
computers. It facilitates remote monitoring, control, and data transfer, allowing users to interact with and
manage the charging station wirelessly, enhancing convenience and accessibility.

7.Buzzer:

The buzzer in the wireless vehicle charging station project is employed as an audible indicator. It provides
feedback to users by producing sound signals, indicating specific events or statuses in the charging
process. For example, the buzzer may sound to signal the start or completion of the charging process,
contributing to user awareness and interaction with the charging station.

8.Relay:

In the wireless vehicle charging station project, a relay is used to control the flow of electric current to the
charging pads or coils. The relay acts as a switch that can be electronically controlled by the Arduino or
another control system. It allows for the precise management of when the charging process begins or
ends, enhancing the overall control and safety of the charging station.

Dept of ECE GEC HH 2023-24

IOT BASED WIRELESS VEHICLE CHARGING STATION

9.Current transformer:

In the wireless vehicle charging station project, a current transformer is employed to monitor the electric
current flowing through the charging system. It provides a proportional current output that can be
measured by the Arduino or control system. This information is valuable for implementing safety features,
monitoring the charging process, and ensuring that the current remains within acceptable limits for the
efficient and safe operation of the charging station.

10.Switch:

A switch in the wireless vehicle charging station project is used for manual control or user interaction. It
provides a means for users to manually turn the charging station on or off. The switch may be connected
to the Arduino or control system, allowing users to initiate or halt the charging process as needed, adding
a convenient and straightforward user interface element to the system.

11.Eagle (PCB Design Software):

Purpose: Eagle is a PCB design software that allows you to create schematics and design the printed
circuit board (PCB) layout for your charging station. It helps organize and optimize the physical
connections of components on the PCB.

12.Proteus (Circuit Simulation Software):

Purpose: Proteus is used for simulating and testing electronic circuits before physically implementing
them. You can simulate the behavior of your charging station's circuitry, including the Arduino,
components, and connections, to identify and address potential issues before hardware assembly.

13.Arduino IDE (Integrated Development Environment):

Purpose: The Arduino IDE is used for programming the Arduino microcontroller. You write the code
(usually in C/C++) that controls the operation of the charging station, manages the relay, reads sensor
data, and handles communication with other components like the WiFi module.

Dept of ECE GEC HH 2023-24

IOT BASED WIRELESS VEHICLE CHARGING STATION

APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT

1. Commercial Lots: Provide cost-effective and green charging in business parking spaces.

2. Highways: Optimize charging at highway stations based on real-time rates.

3. Fleet Charging: Improve efficiency in charging for commercial fleets.

4. Tourist Attractions: Offer optimized charging at popular destinations.

5. Cost-Efficiency: Minimizes charging costs through real-time tariff analysis.

6. Remote Control: Enables convenient monitoring and control for user

Dept of ECE GEC HH 2023-24

IOT BASED WIRELESS VEHICLE CHARGING STATION

SCOPE FOR FUTURE WORKING

In order to improve the two areas of range and sufficient volume of battery storage, dynamic mode of
operation of the WCS for EVs can be done. This method allows charging of battery storage devices
while the vehicle is in motion. However, a dynamic WCS has to face two main hurdles, large air-gap
and coil misalignment. The power transfer efficiency depends on the coil alignment and air-gap
distance between the source and receiver. The average air-gap distance varies from 150 to 300 mm
for small passenger vehicles, while it may increase for larger vehicles. Aligning the optimal driving
position on the transmitter coil can be performed easily because the car is driven automatically in the
dynamic mode.

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IOT BASED WIRELESS VEHICLE CHARGING STATION

REFERENCES

[1].P. Paul, P. Mohanty, S. S. Mahapatra, and D. K. Pradhan, "Design of Wireless Charging Station for Electric
Vehicles using ESP32 with IoT-Based Monitoring System," in 2021 7th International Conference on
Advanced Computing and Communication Systems (ICACCS), Coimbatore, India, 2021, pp. 57-62, doi:
10.1109/ICACCS52232.2021.9373304

[2] D. Mandal, S. Singh, S. Biswas, S. Roy, S. S. Saha, and S. K. Ray, "Design and Implementation of a Multi-
Device Wireless Charging Station Using ESP32," in 2021 6th International Conference on Control,
Automation and Robotics (ICCAR), Nagoya, Japan, 2021, pp. 385-390, doi:
10.1109/ICCAR50762.2021.9428705.

[3] A. Sharma, R. A. Mehta, and J. K. Solanki, "Design and Implementation of Wireless Power Transfer
System for Electric Vehicle Using Inductive Power Transfer Technique," in 2020 3rd International
Conference on Inventive Research in Computing Applications (ICIRCA), Coimbatore, India, 2020, pp. 153-157,
doi: 10.1109/ICIRCA49224.2020.9126167.

[4] C. Li, Z. Chen, C. Song, and J. Liu, "Design and Implementation of Wireless Charging System for
Wearable Devices Using Inductive Power Transfer Technology," in 2020 IEEE 4th Information Technology,
Networking, Electronic and Automation Control Conference (ITNEC), Chengdu, China, 2020, pp. 763-767, doi:
10.1109/ITNEC48647.2020.9149563.

Dept of ECE GEC HH 2023-24