第十六讲 词汇(字母 T)、语法精选（名词用法）、题型套餐 （语法单选题+词性转化+阅读理

解）

词汇打卡

读一读 背一背 (带◆号为 2024 年上海中考新增词汇)

单词 音标 词性 中文
1 tale [teɪl] n. 故事，传说
tap [tæp] (自来水、煤气灯的）龙头
2 n

3 tape [teɪp] n. 磁带；录音带

task [tɑːsk] n.
4 务 ⼯作

taste [teɪst] v. n.
5 品尝 尝味 味

6 technology [tek'nɒlədʒi] n. 技术
7 temperature ['temprətʃə(r)] n. 温度
8 temple ['templ] n. 庙宇，寺院
term [tɜːm] n.
9 学期 术语 项

terrible ['terəbl] a.
10 可怕的 的
z
x
x

['θɪətə(r)] n.
剧场 戏院
k

11 theatre( theatre)
.
c
o

thirsty ['θɜːsti] a.
m

12 的

13 tourist ['tʊərɪst] n. 旅行者，观光者

14 thread [θred] n. 线
15 tiny ['taɪni] a. 极小的，微小的
16 tired ['taɪəd] a. 疲劳的，累的
title ['taɪtl] 标题，题目
17 n

18 tip [tɪp] n. 尖端；提示；小费

19 topic ['tɒpɪk] n. 题目，话题
tidy ['taɪdi] a.
20 洁的 ⼲净的

学科网（北京）股份有限公司
 throw(threw,thrown) [θrəʊ] v.
21 投 掷 扔

teamwork [ˈtiːmwɜːk] vt.

22

tent [tent] vt.

23 乱 打

teenage [ˈtiːneɪdʒ] adj.

◆24 青少年的

◆25 therefore [ˈðeəfɔː(r)] adv. 因此

◆26 total [ˈtəʊtl] n. adj． 总数; 总计的

◆27 trade [treɪd] n.． 贸易；交易

◆28 training [ˈtreɪnɪŋ] v． 训练；培训

◆29 treasure [ˈtreʒə(r)] n.v. 珍宝; 珍视

◆30 treat [triːt] v. n. 对待；治疗；招待

想一想 写一写

根据句意用所给单词的适当词性填空

1. I am used to brushing my ________ twice a day. (tooth)

z
x
x

2. Who is the ___________ girl, Mary, Joe or Wendy? (tall)

k
.
c

3. Our classroom is not as big as __________, but it’s very clean. (they)
o
m

4. Alice doesn't want to see the film again because she has seen it ___________. (two)

5. The old man was to the policeman who found the lost car for him. (thank)

6. The _______ of March is one of the important days that should be remembered . (twelve)

7. The lecture was so moving that all the students lost ___________ in it. (they)

8. China has become the ____________ country to send its astronauts into space. (three)

9. What is the ______ food for the Christmas? (tradition)

10. The experience in Australia in July was ____________ unforgettable. (true)

11. My parents and I visited Osaka(大阪) which is Japan’s __________ largest city. (two)

12. Our new flat is on the ______________ , and we have a good view of the park. (ten)

学科网（北京）股份有限公司
13. I am ______ sorry for not attending such an important meeting. (terrible)

14. On leaving school, all the student felt ______ to the teachers for giving them a good education. (thank)

15. Detectives have caught several ______ in the past few weeks. (thief)

16. He’s very shy and doesn’t like to share his ______ with friends. (think)

17. The aged people agree with the ______ idea while young people laugh at it. (tradition)

18. Please tell me what you ______ think. (true)

19. You should tell your mother the ______. (true)

20. I will work hard in order to make my dream come ______. (truth)

语法专题

语法精选：名词
名词的数

1、规则的可数名词 1. teachers, books,

1）一般加 s 2. classes，dishes, matches, boxes

2）以 s，sh，ch，x 结尾的加 –es 3. cities，countries，parties，factories

3）辅音字母 + y 结尾的变 y 为 ies 4. (1) heroes，Negroes，tomatoes，potatoes

4）以 o 结尾的词 +es; 以 o 结尾 +s (2) radios，zoos，bamboos，pianos，kilos，photos

z
x
x

5）以 f，fe 结尾的多数为-ves; 5. (1) leaves，lives，wives，knives，halves，wolves

k
.
c

以 f，fe 结尾的少数直接 + s (2) roofs proofs, gulfs, beliefs

o
m

2、 不规则的可数名词 1.man—men, woman—women, tooth—teeth,

1）单复数词形相近 foot—feet, child—children, mouse—mice

2）fish 如表示不同种类的鱼时复数是 fishes： 2. There are many kinds of fishes in that lake.

3）以 man, woman 修饰名词构成合成词时 3.man servant—men servants；

4）单复数相同 woman doctor—women doctors. (*boy/girl students)

4. sheep, fish, deer, means, Chinese, Japanese, works

3、复合名词 1. son-in-law---sons-in-law

2. looker-on—lookers-on

4、字母,阿拉伯数字 1. There are two l’s in the word “ all ”.

学科网（北京）股份有限公司
 2. Your 7’s and 9’s look alike.

3. It happened in the 1960’s /1960s.

4. I will not accept your if’s and but’s.

5、定冠词加姓氏的复数 the Turners, the Smiths, the Wangs

6、集体名词 1. The class is big.---The class are taking notes in English.

class, family, population, team, crew 2. The population in China is large.

---- 80% of the population in China are peasants.

7、以 s 结尾的学科名词 mathematics , physics, politics, news

8、glasses， trousers 类 1. Where are my glasses ？

2. My new pair of trousers is too long.

3. Here are some new pairs of shoes.

9、不可数名词表示“一个”时 1. a piece of news / information / advice / bread /

cake / paper / meat / coal

2. a bottle of ink

10、常考不可数名词 information, weather, news, advice, fun，etc.

名词的所有格
z

1. 一般加’s 1.my sister-in-law’s brother.

x
x
k
.

(1)复合名词只在最后一个词的后面加 ’s 2.This is Tom, James and Dick’s room.

c
o
m

(2)表示共同所有的几个名词，只在最后一个词的后面 3.Jenny’s, Jean’s and Mary’s rooms face

加’s （to the） south.

(3)表示各个所有关系的几个名词，在每个名词后分别 4.a quarter of an hour’s talk

加’s

(4)名词短语只在最后一个词后加 ’s

2. 有时加 of 1. the City of New York.

1）凡不能用’s 的情况可用 of 表示所属关系 2. a map of China.

2)当名词有较长的定语时： 3. the name of the girl standing at the gate.

4. Have you read the articles of the students who were with us

yesterday？

学科网（北京）股份有限公司
3. 双重所有格 1. a poem of Lu Xun’s

当 of 前面的名词有不定冠词、指示代词、疑问代词、 2. a friend of his/hers

不定代词或数词如 a, an, this, that, these, those, two, 3. Which novel of Dicken’s are you reading ?

three, four, any, some, several, no, few ,another 等修饰时 4. some friends of my brothers’

4．几种特殊情况 1. the key to the door

2. answers to the question

3. the entrance to the station / cinema

4. tickets for the film / movie

即学即练

1.（2017·上海中考真题）I don't think there is ever a good reason to lie to our children．Children learn honesty from

the they see．

A．Films B．Details C．Examples D．teachers

2.（2018·上海中考真题）As you know,teachers always put the _____ of students above anything else.

A)actions B)needs C)records D)attitudes

3.（2019·上海中考真题）These weren’t stopped by their age or size or lack of resources ，they saw a______ in
z

the world around them and to step hep where they could.
x
x
k

A. sign B. need C. reason D. change

.
c
o

4.（2020·上海中考真题）The book shows them，through other kids' stories，how they can make a ___，too.
m

A. plan B. mistake C. decision D. difference

5.（2020·上海中考真题）Find the right so that your efforts will work well.

A．time B．place C．habit D．skill

6.（2021·上海中考真题）A walk in the countryside and a careful look at can help.

A．society B．nature C．pictures D．advertisements

7.（2022·上海中考真题）Wu Mengchao, a great and ordinary, ________ saved lots of patients with his magic hands.

A)doctor B)engineer C)writer D)scientist

8.（2022·上海中考真题）She believed in facts and observation. In order to explain those “strange” events, she did

some ______.

学科网（北京）股份有限公司
A. exercises B. drawings C. reviews D. experiments

9. （2021·上海中考真题）Last week, my friend and I watched an exciting 4 D film in the ___ and it made us feel so

real.

A) family B)tree C)cinema D)dream

10. （2019·上海中考真题）When you walk along the______, you should be careful with the cars around you.

A) street B) bridge C) river D) hill

11.（2018·上海中考真题）-Could you tell me the _______ of making such a fantastic model car?

-Well, I just followed the steps in the video.

A)culture B)influence C)impression D)method

12.（2019·上海中考真题）I couldn't get much of the exhibition of clean-energy products from the website.

A. news B. photos C. posters D. advertisements

13.（2017·上海中考真题）Did the policeman give much _______ on how to protect personal information？A．n

ote B．tip C．advice D．book

14．
（2023·上海静安·统考一模）Bill, a famous lawyer in this city, deals with many ________ every year. (case)
z
x
x

15．
（2022 春·九年级单元测试）It is said the more ________ will be set up in this state in a couple of years. (church)
k
.
c

16．
（2019·上海·校联考中考模拟）Is _________ riding enough for you to get there?
o
m

A．thirty five minutes B．thirty-five minutes’

C．thirty-five-minutes D．thirty five minute’s

17．
（2022 秋·九年级单元测试）I saw________ mothers talking under that big tree about ten minutes ago.

A．Lucy and Lily B．Lucy’s and Lily C．Lucy and Lily’s D．Lucy’s and Lily’s

18．
（2020 秋·上海虹口·九年级上海市民办新复兴初级中学校考期中）The government should pay more attention

to protecting ________ basic rights. （city）

19．
（2022 秋·九年级单元测试）I really believe that to feed pets can change _______ life.（person）

20．
（2019 秋·上海长宁·九年级上海市民办新世纪中学校考阶段练习）It’s five ________ walk from my new

house to the underground station. (minute)

学科网（北京）股份有限公司
 题型套餐

语法单选题

1．Chinese people have been using the skill of printing for over two ________ years.

A．thousand B．thousands C．thousand of D．thousands of

2．The government promised________ some schools for the children in mountain areas.

A．build B．to build C．building D．built

3．Follow these rules, ________they will enable you to use your time wisely.

A．so B．or C．but D．and

4．—Would you mind changing seats with me?

—________.

A．Of course not. B．You’re welcome. C．That’s all. D．1 don’t think so.

5．—I think we should raise some money for charity.

—________.

A．Yes, please. B．OK. I will. C．Good idea. D．Not at all!

6．It's a rule that visitors ________ bring in his camera to take pictures inside the museum.
z
x
x

A．might not B．needn't C．mustn't D．wouldn't

k
.
c

7．After a year's study in Sydney, Sally's spoken English is ________ better than before.
o
m

A．more B．much C．quite D．rather

8．Clark likes to work in a room with the windows ________ to let the fresh air in.

A．opens B．opening C．opened D．open

9．Many students go to that bookstore, ________ it has lots of reference books they can choose from.

A．and B．so C．for D．but

10．The Smiths went to see several houses last week. But ________ of them was suitable.

A．none B．neither C．all D．both

11．The soldiers tried many ways to prevent the flood from________ the roads and fields.

A．destroy B．to destroy C．destroying D．destroyed

学科网（北京）股份有限公司
12．People from Thailand never greet each other by shaking hands, ________?

A．don’t they B．do they C．won’t they D．will they

13．It has been 50 years ________ man first stepped on the moon.

A．since B．when C．while D．until

14．Soon the firemen arrived at the scene, and the old man in the fire________ at last.

A．was saved B．saved C．has saved D．has been saved

15．— .

—Thank you, I won’t.

A．Would you come and pick me up? B．Don’t forget your raincoat. It’s raining hard now.

C．Could you help me with my suitcase? D．I promise never to make the same mistakes again.

16．—I will visit the painting exhibition this weekend with my friend. Would you like to join us!

— .

A．You’re welcome B．I’d love to C．Well done D．That’s right

词性转化

Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms. （用括号中所给单词
的适当形式完成下列句子）：（共 8 分）
40．Scientists are trying to establishing more______for their argument. (proof)
z
x
x
k

41．Sue has already graduated from university in her early_____. (twenty)

.
c
o

42．The twin sisters are only five years old, but they can take care of______. (they)
m

43．People speak different______of English in different parts of Britain. (vary)

44．“How are you?” is a very______question. It’s a question that often doesn’t need an answer. (usual)

45．Studying abroad has made me much more______in many ways. (depend)

阅读理解

A. Choose the best answer（根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案）

The Los Angeles River was once a wonderful water source for the people of Las Angeles. But the river system

was destroyed in the 1930s. In 1986, poet Lewis MacAdams took the first steps to “repair” it. To further save the river,

学科网（北京）股份有限公司