Study Notes

Statement and Assumptions

Study Notes (Statement and Assumptions)

Statement: it is an information or a fact related to any general subject

Assumption: An assumption is the hidden part of the statement which is assumed/supposed and
taken for granted. Something that is not clearly mentioned in the statement, but is an integrated
part of it. when somebody says something he does not put everything, every aspect of his idea
into words. There is a lot which he leaves unsaid. That which he leaves unsaid, that which he
takes for granted, may be defined as an assumption.

There are some special rules related to assumptions which are as follows:

i) Assumption should be a general statement.

ii) Meaning of Assumption should be embedded in the statement.

iii) Assumption should not be more expandable in comparison to statement.

iv) There should be no repetition of statements in assumption.

v) Statement and Assumption should be logical to each other.

vi) Assumption should not be a conclusion on the basis of statement.

Format of the Question:

In each question below a statement is followed by two assumptions numbered I and II. You
have to consider the statement and the following assumptions and then decide which of the
assumptions is implicit in the statement. Give answer: -

(a) if only assumption I is implicit.

(b) if only assumption II is implicit.

(c) if either assumption I or II is implicit.

(d) if neither assumption I nor II is implicit.

(e) if both assumption I and II are implicit.

[ Please Note: Implicit here means “True” whereas explicit means “False”]

2
Study Notes (Statement and Assumptions)

Points to remember while solving the problems:

An Assumption is implicit under following conditions:

 Any assumption that is conveying the message of advertisement, notice, appeal that
assumption
 Any assumption that is talking about the social welfare (positive), govt. policies that
assumption
 Any assumption showing the word like suggestion, order, request

An Assumption is explicit under following conditions:

 Assumptions containing some words like only, each, any, every, all, question indicating
word (why, these, what), Answer indicating words(therefor), Definitely, But, certainly
exist will be explicit.
 Any assumption talking about past & future that assumption will always be explicit.
 An assumption which has no connection with the given statement is always explicit.
 An assumption in explicit if it is a restatement of the given statement in different words.
 Assumption is explicit if it draws conclusion on the basis of statement.
 An assumption is explicit if it makes too farfetched reasoning or long drawn conclusions.

Examples:
1) Statement: “Healthy food increases the immunity”

Assumptions:

I)Healthy foods have required ingredients to boost the immunity.

II)Healthy foods are the only way to increase the immunity.

Answer: Opt 1

Explanation:

I)Its implicit since Healthy foods must be having ingredients to boost immunity that is why such
statement has been made

3
Study Notes (Statement and Assumptions)

II)It’s not implicit because of the word” only”. There may be other foods as well to increase
immunity.

2) Statement: “Smoking is injurious to health”-A warning

Assumptions:

I)Smoking leads to death

II) One should avoid smoking

Answer: Opt 2

Explanation:

I)It’s not implicit since its very long drawn conclusion as in Smoking is injurious->it can cause
cancer->cancer will lead to death.

II)It is implicit since such warnings are given so that people may avoid having the product.

3) Statement: Bring in the clothes before it starts raining

Assumptions:

I)Clothes may become wet due to rain.

II)It’s a good idea to go on a long drive in rainy season.

Answer: Opt 1

Explanation:

I)It’s implicit since wetting of clothes must be in the mind before making such statement

II)It is not implicit as it is not relevant in respect to the statement

4
Study Notes (Statement and Assumptions)

4) Statement: There is a big boom in drug business and a number of jhuggi jhopari dwellers in
Delhi can be seen pedaling with small pouches of smack and brown sugar.

Assumptions:

I)Drug addiction is increasing in the country, especially in the capital.

II)All the big dons involved in the smuggling of drugs live in jhuggi jhopari areas.

III)Most of the jhuggi jhopari dwellers would do anything for money.

Mark your answer as:

a) Only I is implicit

b) Only II is implicit

c)Only III is implicit

d) I and III implicit

e) None is implicit.

Answer: Opt (d)

Explanation:

I)It’s implicit since statement says “big boom in drug business” which means there is increasing
drug addiction that is why demand is increasing.

II)It is not implicit as it has no connection with the statement since it talks about smuggling of
drugs.

III)Its implicit since statement says “most of the jhuggi jhopri dwellers” which means maximum of
them want money no matter even if it’s an illegal activity.