Basra University For Oil And Gas

(BUOG)

Shut-in Procedures

December,22nd ,2021,
Lecturer: Najah Saeed Abdulridha

n.saeed@buog.edu.iq w w w. b u og. edu. iq

Objectives
You will learn:
 Outline shut-in procedures during drilling, tripping and out of hole
 The importance of pump rates and pressures during well control operations
 Pressure relationships
 Basic calculations necessary in well control for:
 Capacity
 Volume
 Strokes
Introduction
 IF well casing is set and adequately cemented in competent formation,
usually the well can be shut in safely when a kick occurs
 The purpose of shut in procedures are to :
1. Stop the influx into the wellbore (Minimize size of influx and prevent a blowout).
2. Record pressure (SIDPP-SICP) to calculate the kill sheet to start killing operation.
 Serve several purposes
 Stop the influx of formation fluid into the well bore
 Protect the crew and rig
 Provide an opportunity to organize and plan the kill procedure
 Allow shut-in work string and casing pressures to be determined
When Flow Check needed?
 Sign of undesired influx entering well bore:
 Hole not taking correct amount of fluid during trip
 Drilling break
 Increase in return flow (flow meter paddle)
 Increase or decrease in pump pressure
 Gain in pit volume (PVT)
 High gas cut mud or chloride increase

 Flow check procedure

 Stop rotary – Stop rotation
 Pick up TDS-Top Drive until tool joint clears rotary
table and BOP rams (need prior spacing–out)
 Shut down mud pump(s)
 Observe/check well for flow
When to shut-in well?
Flow is observed during flow check
When in doubt whether well flowing or not
Shut-in and check for pressures
Initial small flow can rapidly develop to full flow and blow out
Lower pressures with smaller influx can minimize potential of stuck pipe or
formation breakdown at casing shoe flow

Well Shut in Procedure

Soft shut in while [ drilling , Tripping]
Hard shut in while [ drilling , Tripping]
Lined up with remote choke

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 Well shut-in methods
Lined up with remote choke

“Soft” shut-in: “Hard” shut-in:

(Choke in open position)
• Open choke line at BOP
stack (HCR)
• Close annular BOP
• Close choke
• Obtain: SIDPP, SICP,
PIT volume gain
(Choke in close position)
• Close annular BOP
• Open choke line at BOP
stack (HCR)
• Obtain: SIDPP, SICP,
PIT volume gain

Preferred shut-in method if you know the

https://youtu.be/40wWM_56imc Strength of drilling formation
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Lined up for Soft Shut in- Choke Partially Open
1_Chock line manual Valve : Open
*_HCR: Close
2_Line between HCR & Chock : Open
3_Remote Choke :(Open Partially)
4_Line from choke to MGS : OPEN

So for the Soft Shut in Only HCR closed

Q:Why the Manual Valve should be

kept in Open position ?
Q:Why We have two chokes ?
Soft Shut-in : With the choke already Open , position drill string , stop pump, close BOP, open HCR , Close
Choke, then read and record pressures and pit gain 9
Lined up for Hard Shut in-Remote Choke Closed

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Lined up for Hard Shut in-Remote Choke Closed

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Lined up for Hard Shut in-Remote Choke Closed

Hard Shut-in : With the choke already closed , position drill string , stop pump, close BOP, open HCR , then
read and record pressures and pit gain 12
 Hard Shut-in Vs. Soft Shut- in
Hard Shut-in (Choke Closed) Soft Shut-in (Choke Open)
Tripping Drilling Tripping Drilling
Install (Stab) FOSV Positioning Install (Stab) FOSV Positioning
Close FOSV Shut Down Pump Close FOSV Shut Down Pump
Close BOP Close BOP Close BOP Close BOP
Open HCR Open HCR Open HCR Open HCR
Pick Up Kelly Close Choke Close Choke
Open FOSV Pick Up Kelly
Obtain: SIDPP, SICP, Obtain: SIDPP, SICP, Open FOSV
PIT volume gain PIT volume gain Obtain: SIDPP, SICP, Obtain: SIDPP, SICP,
PIT volume gain PIT volume gain

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Safety Valve
1.Full Opening Safety Valve
Safety Valve
2.Non return valve
REVIEW :
Pump Pressure Vs. Strokes
 Increase SPM = Increase PSI ( at constant mud weight) Approximate effect is :
New Pump pressure = Old Pump pressure x (New SPM / Old SPM) 2

Pump Pressure Vs. Fluid Density

 Increase Mud Wt. = Increase PSI( at constant SPM), Approximate effect is :
New Pump pressure = Old Pump pressure x (New MWt / Old MWt)

Pump Output ( Pump Disp.) = 𝟐𝟒𝟑 𝐱 𝟏𝟎−𝟔 (𝐃 𝐥𝐢𝐧𝐞𝐫)𝟐 ∗ ( 𝐒𝐭𝐫𝐨𝐤𝐞 𝐥𝐞𝐧𝐠𝐭𝐡 , 𝐢𝐧)
Surface to Bit, Pump Strokes and Time
 The number of strokes to pump a fluid, such as a kill fluid, from the surface to the end of
the string is critical for successful well control and maintaining BHP constant.
 Also, the time to pump from the surface to the end of the string is important.
 The volume within the string must be calculated. This is the combined total of:
 Volume of tubing or drill pipe.
 Volume of BHA.
 Additionally, the amount of strokes/time to clear the surface equipment should be known.

 To calculate a pipe/string volume:

Volume bbls = Capacity bbl/ft X Length ft
This is calculated for each section of the string (i.e. pipe, HWDP, BHA)
Surface to Bit, Pump Strokes and Time
 The volumes are totaled for the entire string.
 To calculate the amount of strokes to displace the string volume:

Strokes = Total String Volume bbls /Pump Output bbl/stk

 Note: Capacity of pipe may be looked up in charts and tables.

 If lookup tables are not available, the following formula can be used to calculate the
capacity of a cylindrical object such as an open hole, casing, tubing, drill pipe, BHA or
choke/kill lines in bbls/ft :

Capacity bbls/ft = (Diameter)2 ÷ 1029.4

 Review Annular Volumes in previous Lectures
Total Circulating Strokes and Time
 Simply by adding the volumes for each section, a total volume, strokes and circulating
time down the string and back to surface can be calculated.
• By adding separate volumes from surface, or the bottom of the string we can also
calculate volume, strokes and time to circulate for:
- End of string or bit to casing shoe
- Choke and kill line
- Any individual or combined lengths and sections
Depth Volume (STK) Time (min)
To BIT Drill string volume(m3) Drill string volume(m3)
Out put (m3/stk) Out put(m3/min)
Open hole Annular
To SHOE Open hole Annular volume(m3)
volume(m3)
Out put (m3/stk)
Out put(m3/min)
Total Annular volume(m3) Total Annular volume(m3)
To SURFACE
Out put (m3/stk) Out put(m3/min)
Pressure During Shut-in Time
Killing Methods

Driller’s Method
Wait & Weight’s method ROUTINE TECHNIQUE
Concurrent method

Volumetric method NON-

Bull heading ROUTINE TECHNIQUE