Answer of Model set-1

1. c
Explanation: For plaster work, it is 1:4 And for brickwork, it is 1:6
2. b
Explanation: The apparatus for conducting the Le-Chatelier test should conform to IS: 5514 – 1969. Balance,
whose permissible variation at a load of 1000g should be +1.0g and Water bath.

3. a
Explanation: As per IS codes, the minimum crushing strength of first class brick is 10.5 N/mm2, second class
is 7 N/mm2 and third class is 3.5 N/mm2.
4.a
Explanation: The radius of gyration of a body about an axis is a distance such that its square multiplied by
the area gives moment of inertia of the area about the given axis. The formula of radius of gyration is given as
k2 = I/A.
5. a
Explanation: Dumpy level is used in levelling not in chain surveying. 20 m chain, arrows, pegs etc are
mandatory for chain surveying.
6. b
Explanation: The center line method is suitable for walls having similar cross-sections. The estimates
prepared using the centre line method are the quickest and accurate.

7. b
Explanation: It is always convenient to show the constituents occupying separate spaces as blocks. In the
phase diagram, the soil occupies the bottom position. Water and air occupy the middle and top positions.

8. b
Explanation: Increase in water content of soil results in increase in the volume of the soil thus causing the
swelling of the soil.

9. a
Explanation: Slopes may be of two types: i) infinite slopes and ii) finite slopes.
10. a
Explanation: K0 can be calculated by using the following equation as computed by Jacky in 1944:
K0 = 1 – sin φ.
11. a
Explanation: The shallow foundations are of the following types: spread footing (or simple footing), strap
footing, combined footing, and mat footing or raft footing.
12. b
Explanation: The parameters Nc, Nq, Nγ are the dimensionless numbers, known as bearing capacity factors
depending only on the angle of shearing resistance of the soil.
13. a
Explanation: It is independent of quantity of matter present.
14. a
Explanation: The principle of floatation of bodies is based on the premise of Metacenter.
15.Answer: c
Explanation: Darcy-Weisbach equation relates the head loss and pressure loss due to friction along a given
pipe with a specified length. It contains a dimensionless friction factor called the Darcy friction factor. The
equation was named after Henry Darcy and Julius Weisbach.

16. Answer: c
Explanation: According to the continuity equation, ρAV =constant, where ρ= density, A= cross-sectional area
of flow, V = velocity of flow. For a pipe of a uniform cross-section, no matter what the rate of flow is, the
velocity of flow inside the pipe will always remain constant. Hence, it’ll always be a uniform flow. It’ll be a
steady flow if and only if the water level is maintained at a constant level by supplying water at the same rate
as it gets discharged, else the water level will keep decreasing with time leading to an unsteady flow.
17. Answer: b
Explanation: Reynolds number is indicative of the relative importance of inertial and viscous effects in a fluid
motion.
18. Answer: a
Explanation: The hydrograph can be drawn taking day, month or year. The hydrograph on the basis of day
gives an idea of the flood period during the month. The hydrograph on basis of month gives an idea about the
dry period of the year.
19. Answer: b
Explanation: The positive bending moment is considered when it causes convexity downward or concavity at
top. This is sagging. In simply supported beams, it occurs at mid span because the bending moment at the
supports obviously will be zero hence the positive bending moment occurs in the mid span.
20. c

21. Answer: b
Explanation: When there is an eccentric load it means that the load is at some distance from the axis. This
causes compression in one side and tension on the other. This causes bending stress.
22. Answer: a
Explanation: Degrees of freedom is the total number of variables involved in the process.

23. Answer: d
Explanation: An arch is a curved member in which horizontal displacements are prevented at the
supports/springings/abutments.
24. Answer: a
Explanation: In ILD we analyze effect of a force or moment on a fixed point by constantly varying point of
application of load/moment.
25. Answer: c
Explanation: IS 1893(Part 1) is used for designing a structure considering earthquake loads. For all other
loads like dead load, wind load, IS 875 is used for design.
26. Answer: a
Explanation: In concrete technology, HRM is abbreviated as Human Resource Management.

27. Answer: b

28. Answer: c
Explanation: Effectively held in position and fixed against rotation in both ends is 0.65 l.
29. Answer: a
Explanation: Design Strength = Ultimate strength / Partial factor of safety.
30. Answer: c
Explanation: Timber is available in markets in various forms. These are battens, boards, ends, poles, etc.
Batten is a piece of timber whose thickness and breadth do not exceed 50 mm.
31. Answer: d
Explanation: The minimum average water consumption takes place in fire demand. It accounts to 1lpcd which
is very less but this water is required in very less duration.
32. Answer: c
33. Answer: c
Explanation: One of the sewer waste water treatment processes is a biological treatment known as activated-
sludge process. Waste water is agitated and aerated to remove solids and oxidation methods are introduced
to activate decomposition.
34. Answer: d
Explanation: BOD = Dissolved oxygen * Dilution factor.
Where Dilution factor = Volume of diluted sewage sample / Volume of undiluted sewage sample.
35. Answer: c
Explanation: EIA can be classified as short term and long term. 5-10 years time period denotes short term and
above 50 years is long term.
36. Answer: a
Explanation: When direct irrigation is used, then the units of duty, always expressed in hectares/cumec. Then
duty is called flow duty.
37. Answer: b
Explanation: The idea of watershed canal in hilly areas is does not work because it is highly uneconomical,
since the river flows in valley below the ridge. And the watershed may be hundreds of meters above the river.
38. Answer: c
Explanation: Before the start of monsoons the fish migrate to the upstream in search of warm water. So,
therefore some provision is made to make some space available for them to travel. And this achieved by the
construction of fish ladder as they provide the room for movement and also slows down the flow for easy
traveling of fish.
39. Answer: d
Explanation: This work is undertaken for prime purpose of flood control. It aims to provide sufficient cross
section for the safe passage maximum flood and makes the adjoining areas flood proof by construction of
levees or dykes.
40. Answer: b
Explanation: In this case of designing a sarda type fall fluming is not possible, therefore the length of the
crest is kept equal to the bed width of the canal.
41. Answer: d
Explanation: A narrow crets is to say a sharp crest is provided for a higher coefficient of discharge, thus
ensuring a greater discharge capacity than that of a broad crest. It is preferred because it is economical as it
reduces the cost of crest longitudinally and transversely.
42. Answer: b
43. Answer: d
Explanation: Sedimentation may reduce the water storage capacity of reservoir and may also cause damage
to the turbine blades. Availability of water, large catchment area and rocky land are primary requirements for
site selection of hydroelectric power plant
44. Answer: b
45. Answer: b
Explanation: A gravity dam is the one in which the stability against external load is achieved by the weight of
the dam itself. This type of dam requires minimum maintenance. It can be constructed on any site where the
natural foundation is strong enough to bear the weight of the dam.
46. Answer: c
Explanation: The settling velocity of spherical particle is given by stokes equation where vS = (g/18) * (G-1)
d2 /v when diameter d is less than 0.1mm.
47. Answer: d
Explanation: Sudden increase in water pressure in penstock due to closing of gates is called water hammer.
Surge tank is a tank at sufficient height , connected to penstock through riser pipe. It takes the rejected water
and relives the penstock from excessive water hammer pressure.
48. Answer: c
Explanation: Penstocks are the conduit built of steel or reinforced concrete. Penstock connects forebay or
surge tank to scroll case of turbine. Their main function is to carry water from dam to the turbine.
49. Answer: c
Explanation: The most preferred type of road is bituminous roads. They are cheap for initial construction
when compared to other types of surfaced roads.
50. Answer: c
Explanation: A transition curve is introduced between horizontal curve and circular curve, the transition
curve slowly introduces the centrifugal acceleration to avoid the danger of skidding.
51. Answer: a
Explanation: The embankment is the lowest layer and it is below the sub grade, base is above sub base, sub
base is above the sub grade.
52. Answer: a
Explanation: The aggregates which have a less impact value are exceptionally tough, but normally the
aggregate upto 30% impact value can be used.
53. Answer: a
Explanation: If a plane is parallel to one of the reference plane the projection parallel to plane gives the true
shape and size as here plane is parallel to horizontal plane the actual shape is watched from a top view.

54. ANSWER: a) Effective rate > Nominal rate

55. Answer: c
Explanation: According to the time estimates made by the PERT planners, the maximum time that would be
needed to complete an activity is called the pessimistic time estimate. This estimate does not include
possible effects of floods, earthquakes, etc.
56. Answer: c
Explanation: A tender does not have the sign of the authority mentioned in it. It only has the designation
mentioned.
57. c
58. b

59. Answer: d
Explanation: A network is a flow diagram that consists of events and activities which are connected
sequentially and logically. Arrows are used to represent activity in a network diagram. Events are generally
represented by circles.
60. b
61. Answer: a
Explanation: Load factor = Average load over a certain period / Peak load during that period
Capacity factor = Average load over a given time period / Plant capacity
Since, Plant capacity = Peak load
Ratio of CF / LF = 1.
62. Answer: a
Explanation: Water pumps are installed in parallel as in the case of pumping water from a sump well using
more than one pump. The head remains constant and the combined discharge of the two pumps is equal to
the sum of the individual discharges for a specific head.
63. Answer: b
Explanation: e+f=v2/127R
e+f=3600/(127*150)
e+f=0.188
e=0.188-0.15
e=0.038.

64. Answer: c
Explanation: The total length of the curve for comfort condition is 0.38(NV3)1/2
=0.38(1/200*803)0.5
=19.22m.

65. Answer: a
Explanation: The observer is always at the right side top end. So as the observer watches the object comes
first and then the projection plane as the object in the 1st quadrant in 1st angle projection. So object lies
between projection plane and observer.

66. Answer: Option A

67. Answer: d
Explanation: The formula for distribution efficiency is:
Nd = (1- d/D) x 100; where d = mean deviation and D = mean depth of water
Given, d=0.1 cm and D = 1.5 cm
Hence, Nd = 93%.

68. Answer: a
Explanation: Volume of water required for evapo-transpiration = 40 x 104 x 40 x 10-3 x 103 = 16 x 106 litres
Hence, the discharge required at outlet
= (16 x 106) / (40 x 86400)
= 4.52 litres / sec.

69. Answer: c
Explanation: For smaller sewers that are of pipe diameter less than 0.9 m, the spacing given in between
manholes is 45 m. In case of pipe diameter of sewers greater than 2 m, the spacing is 300 m.

70. Answer: d
Explanation: The settling velocity of spherical particle is given by stokes law and when the diameter d of
spherical particle is > 1mm, settling velocity is given by vS = 1.8 (g*d (G-1))1/2 where G is the specific gravity
of the particle.

71. Answer: c
Explanation: Pitch shall not be more than 16t or 200mm, whichever is less in tension member where t is
thickness of thinner plate. Pitch shall not be more than 12t or 200mm, whichever is less in compression
member, where t is thickness of thinner plate.

72. Answer: c
Explanation: The stress in AB = Pa/Aa = 2000/π/4 ×4 = the stress in BC = Pb/Ab = 1000/π/4 × 1
Pa/Pb = 2000/4 × 1000
= 0.5

73. Answer: a
Explanation:

∑V=0
Va+Vb=36kN
Vb=36-26=10kN (Downward)

74. Answer: d
Explanation: B + R = 7 < 2*J. So, the truss will be unstable.
75. Answer: c
Explanation: Section factor (Z) = A√D
= 40√6
= 97.9.

76. Answer: a
Explanation:

77. Answer: c
Explanation: Given,
γsat=22 KN/m3
γ’=γsat-γω=22-9.81= 12.19
Ka = 1/3 H = 6m
We know that, Pa=Ka γ’ H+ γω H
Pa = (1/3)×12.19×6 + 9.81×6 = 83.24 kN/m2.
78. Answer: b
Explanation: Given,
C= 20 kN/m2
Φ=0,this makes tan∝=1
Hc= 4 m
Therefore; Hc=4c/γ*tan∝
γ = 4×20/4×1= 20 kN/m3.
79. Answer: a
Explanation: The compound curve length can be determined by using the formula,
t = R*θ*π/180. On substitution, we get
t = 76.98*45˚21 ꞌ *π/180
t = 60.93 m.
80. Answer: c
Explanation: 100 sq m total dry volume of materials = 2.75+50% = 2.75+1.375 = 4.125 cu m. Therefore, cement
= (4.125) / (1+2+4) = .59 cu m = .60 cu m (18 bags). For neat cement surface finishing additional 0.2 cu m (6
bags) of cement will be required.