Correlations are a result of the collective behavior of electrons to screen and decrease the Coulombic

interaction. Unlike the exchange term the correlations become more pronounced for opposite spins
since they are more likely to occupy nearby locations.
Three identicalbosons have integer spin (0, 1, 2, ...) while fermions have half-integer spin (1/2,
3/2, ....).
Bosons have symmetric wave function under particle exchange, while fermions have
antisymmetric wave functions. This leads to differences in behavior of the two kinds of
particles even in the gaseous state.
Electrons, protons and neutrons are fermions; photons, a-particles and helium atoms are bosons.
Energy eigen value for 1D particle

Multiplicity for spin half particles

Ground state energy

First excited states usually lowest energy difference state

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Three particles case, finding ground energy

state
Asked 7 years, 7 months ago
Modified 7 years, 7 months ago
Viewed 5k times
1

Here I came up with three particles in a box problem.

(Assumption: Here I do not consider the interaction between particles and spin for simplicity.)

What I want to do is express the ground state's energy and its wave function. Then the nth

energy level and wavefunction are denoted by En and ψn

1. three electrons case

2. three pions case
3. two electron and proton case

Here I came up with my own solutions for 1 and 2.

1. three electrons --> three indistinguishable fermions. Due to Pauli's principle n=1,2,3

1. :

En=E1+E2+E3

The wave function is determined by the Slater determinant:

ψ(x1,x2,x3)=13!−
−√(ψ1(x1)ψ2(x2)ψ3(x3)−ψ1(x1)ψ3(x2)ψ2(x3)−ψ2(x1)ψ1(x2)ψ3(x3)+ψ2(x1)ψ3(x2)
ψ1(x3)−ψ3(x1)ψ2(x2)ψ1(x3)+ψ3(x1)ψ1(x2)ψ2(x3))

2. three pions --> three indistinguishable bosons: En=3E1

2. .

The wavefunction is

ψ(x1,x2,x3)=ψ1(x1)ψ1(x2)ψ1(x3