AIN SHAMS UNIVERSITY

FACULTY OF ENGINEERING
International Credit Hours Engineering Programs (i.CHEP)

Measurements & Instrumentation Lab Report

1. Experiments Title: Calibration of Venturi-Meter

2. Experiments Number: 4

Course Code Course Name

MEP231 Measurements & Instrumentation
Name: Semester Date of Submission
Eyad Haytham Fouad Fall 23 24/12/2023
ID: 19P2840
 CONTENTS
1. OBJECTIVES ........................................................................................................................................ 3

2. DRAWING ............................................................................................................................................ 3

3. INSTRUMENTS....................................................................................................................................3

4. STEPS ................................................................................................................................................... 3

5. ANALYSIS ........................................................................................................................................... 5

6. CONCLUSION ..................................................................................................................................... 6

TABLE OF FIGURES
Figure 1: Venturi-meter .............................................................................................................................. 3
Figure 2: Calibration curve ......................................................................................................................... 5

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1. OBJECTIVES: -
• Determination of the discharge coefficients (Cd) of a venturi meter.
• Determination of the non-recoverable pressure loss of the venturi meter.

2. DRAWING: -

Figure 1: Venturi-meter

3. INSTRUMENTS:

1- Venturi meter (𝑑𝑡ℎ = 6.6 𝑚𝑚) fitted to a 2.54 cm pipe.

2- Bellow meter used as standard device for measuring the flow rate (device for calibration).

3- Differential manometer to measure the differential and non-recoverable loss pressure across the venturi
meter.

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4. STEPS: -
1- Turn on the air supply.

2- Adjust the control valve to a certain value of flow rate.

3- Measure the flow rate using the bellow meter by recording the time taken to pass the flow.

4- Record the differential and loss readings of the manometer.

5- Repeat the previous steps for different values of flow.

6- Plot the calibration curve and loss pressure curve.

5. ANALYSIS: -

𝜌𝑎𝑖𝑟 = 1.2 𝑘𝑔/𝑚3, 𝑑1 = 2.54 𝑐𝑚, 𝑑2 = 6.6 𝑚𝑚, 𝑉 = 5𝐿

Where:

d2: venturi throat diameter

d1: Pipe diameter

𝑉𝑜𝑙
𝑄𝑏𝑒𝑙𝑙𝑜𝑤 =
𝑇𝑖𝑚𝑒
1 2∆𝑃𝑑𝑖𝑓𝑓
𝑄𝑡ℎ = ∗√
√ 1 1 𝜌𝑎𝑖𝑟
( 2 − 2)
𝐴2 𝐴1

∆𝑃𝑑𝑖𝑓𝑓 = 𝜌𝑤𝑔∆ℎ𝑑𝑖𝑓𝑓
𝑄𝑎𝑐𝑡
𝐶𝑑 =
𝑄𝑡ℎ

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# V t Δh Qact ΔP Qth Cd V1 (m/s) A1 (m^2) A2 (m^2)
m^3 (sec) (m) (m3/s) (pa) (m3/s)

1 0.05 61 0.04 0.000820 392.4 0.000877 0.934724896 1.61764517 0.000506707 0.0000342

2 0.05 44 0.07 0.001136 686.7 0.001160 0.979584589 2.24264444 0.000506707 0.0000342

3 0.05 34 0.115 0.001471 1128.15 0.001487 0.989044435 2.902245746 0.000506707 0.0000342

4 0.05 25 0.225 0.002 2207.25 0.002080 0.961639675 3.947054215 0.000506707 0.0000342

5 0.05 19 0.385 0.002632 3776.85 0.002721 0.967296631 5.193492388 0.000506707 0.0000342

Graph:

Cd - V Curve
1

0.99

0.98

0.97
Cd

0.96

0.95

0.94

0.93
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Velocity (m/s)
Conclusion:
Venturi-meter has low friction because conversion and diversion occur over a relatively
long length, but it has high costs due to the huge occupied area. The discharge
coefficient Cd cannot be greater than 1 because the theoretical Q calculated is the
maximum ideal volume flow rate which never occurs in real life applications. Cd is in
the range of 0.85 to 0.95
AIN SHAMS UNIVERSITY
FACULTY OF ENGINEERING
International Credit Hours Engineering Programs (i.CHEP)

Measurements & Instrumentation Lab Report

1. Experiments Title: Calibration of Orifice-Meter

2. Experiments Number: 5

Course Code Course Name

MEP231 Measurements & Instrumentation
Name: Semester Date of Submission
Eyad Haytham Fouad Fall 23 24/12/2023
ID: 19P2840
 CONTENTS

1. OBJECTIVES: ....................................................................................................................................... 3

2. DRAWING: ........................................................................................................................................... 3

3. INSTRUMENTS ................................................................................................................................... 3

4. STEPS: ................................................................................................................................................... 4

5. ANALYSIS:........................................................................................................................................... 4

6. CONCLUSION:..................................................................................................................................... 5

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1. OBJECTIVES: -
• Determination of the discharge coefficients (Cd) of a venturi meter.
• Determination of the non-recoverable pressure loss of the venturi meter.

2. DRAWING: -

Figure 1: Orifice-meter

3. INSTRUMENTS:

1- Orifice plate (𝑑𝑡ℎ = 8.382 𝑚𝑚) fitted to a 2.54 cm pipe.

2- Bellow meter used as standard device for measuring the flow rate (device for calibration).

3- Differential manometer to measure the differential and non-recoverable loss pressure across the venturi
meter.

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4. STEPS: -
1- Turn on the air supply.

2- Adjust the control valve to a certain value of flow rate.

3- Measure the flow rate using the bellow meter by recording the time taken to pass the flow.

4- Record the differential and loss readings of the manometer.

5- Repeat the previous steps for different values of flow.

6- Plot the calibration curve and loss pressure curve.

5. ANALYSIS: -

𝜌𝑎𝑖𝑟 = 1.2 𝑘𝑔/𝑚3, 𝑑1 = 2.54 𝑐𝑚, 𝑑2 = 8.382 𝑚𝑚, 𝑉 = 5𝐿

Where: d1:Pipe diameter and d2: Venturi throat diameter

𝑉𝑜𝑙
𝑄𝑏𝑒𝑙𝑙𝑜𝑤 =
𝑇𝑖𝑚𝑒

1 2∆𝑃𝑑𝑖𝑓𝑓
𝑄𝑡ℎ = ×√
√ 1 1 𝜌𝑎𝑖𝑟
( 2 − 2)
𝐴2 𝐴1

∆𝑃𝑑𝑖𝑓𝑓 = 𝜌𝑤𝑔∆ℎ𝑑𝑖𝑓𝑓
𝑄𝑎𝑐𝑡
𝐶𝑑 =
𝑄𝑡ℎ

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# V t Δh Qact ΔP (pa) Qth Cd V1 (m/s) A1 (m^2) A2 (m^2)
m^3 (sec) (m) (m3/s) (m3/s)

1 0.05 61 0.045 0.000820 441.45 0.001506 0.544380786 1.61764517 0.000506707 0.0000552

2 0.05 44 0.09 0.001136 882.9 0.002129 0.533660365 2.24264444 0.000506707 0.0000552

3 0.05 34 0.15 0.001471 1471.5 0.002749 0.534951407 2.902245746 0.000506707 0.0000552

4 0.05 25 0.24 0.002 2354.4 0.003477 0.57516606 3.947054215 0.000506707 0.0000552

5 0.05 19 0.4 0.002632 3924 0.004489 0.586212782 5.193492388 0.000506707 0.0000552

Graph:

Cd - V Curve
0.59

0.58

0.57

0.56
Cd

0.55

0.54

0.53

0.52
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Velocity (m/s)
Conclusion:
Cd cannot exceed 1, because the theoretical Q calculated is the maximum ideal
volume flow rate which never occurs in real life applications. If that occurs, it is due to
errors (blunder, fixed, random). Cd is between 0.4 and 0.6. Orifice meter has higher
friction than venture-meter so less Cd. This is due to sudden conversion and diversion
of fluid.
AIN SHAMS UNIVERSITY
FACULTY OF ENGINEERING
International Credit Hours Engineering Programs (i.CHEP)

Measurements & Instrumentation Lab Report

1. Experiments Title: Calibration of Rotameter

2. Experiments Number: 7

Course Code Course Name

MEP231 Measurements & Instrumentation
Name: Semester Date of Submission
Eyad Haytham Fouad Fal 23 24/12/2023
ID: 192840
Content:

1. Objective

2. Instruments

3. Test Rig

4. Procedure

5. Useful Equations

6. Readings

7. Graph

8. Conclusion

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Objective:

1. Calculate the meter constant for Rotameter flow

measuring device and draw the meter constant
change with mass flow rate

2. Plot a graph between the meter constant on y-axis

Vs. the air flow rate on the x-axis

Instruments:

1. Rotameter

2. Bellow meter used as standard device for

measuring the flow rate.

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Test Rig:

Procedure:
1. Turn on the air supply.

2. Adjust the control valve to a certain value of flow rate.

3. Measure the flow rate using the bellow meter by

recording the time taken to pass a specific amount of air
flow.

4. Record the reading of the rotameter.

5. Repeat the previous steps for different values of flow

6. Plot the calibration curve.

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Useful Equations:
𝒱 ṁ
𝜇𝑎𝑖𝑟 = 1.85 ∗ 10−3 𝑃𝑎. 𝑠 = 1.2𝑘𝑔/𝑚3 = 𝐶𝑟𝑜𝑡 =
𝑡 3.04∗𝑅∗0.001
𝜌𝑎𝑖𝑟 𝑄𝑎𝑐𝑡

# V m^3 t (sec) R (%) Qact (m3/s) ṁ (kg/s) ṁ (kg/min) Crot

1 0.05 61 28 0.000820 0.000983607 0.05902 0.6933

2 0.05 44 36 0.001136 0.001363636 0.08182 0.7476

3 0.05 34 42 0.001471 0.001764706 0.10588 0.8293

4 0.05 25 54 0.002 0.0024 0.14400 0.8772

5 0.05 19 66 0.002632 0.003157895 0.18947 0.9443

Graph:

Crot - ṁ Curve
1
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.6
Crot

0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
0 0.0005 0.001 0.0015 0.002 0.0025 0.003 0.0035
ṁ (kg/s)
Conclusion:
The Rotameter constant increases as mass flow rate increases throughout all the
readings. The values of the Rota meter constant lie between 0.7 and 0.94. A rotameter
(variable area flow meter) is a flow meter that measures the volumetric flow of liquids
and gases.
fb

6|Page
Graph
AIN SHAMS UNIVERSITY
FACULTY OF ENGINEERING
International Credit Hours Engineering Programs (i.CHEP)

Measurements & Instrumentation Lab Report

1. Experiments Title: Calibration of Turbine Flow Meter

2. Experiments Number: 6

Course Code Course Name

MEP231 Measurements & Instrumentation
Name: Semester Date of Submission
Eyad Haytham Fouad Fall 23 24/12/2023
ID: 19P2840
Objectives:
Calculate the meter constant for turbine flow meter measuring device.

Instruments:
1- Turbine Meter
2- Bellow meter used as standard device for measuring the flow rate.

Apparatus:

Procedures:
1- Turn on the air supply.
2- Adjust the control valve to a certain value of flow rate.
3- Measure the flow rate using the bellow meter by recording the time taken to pass a
specific amount of air flow.
4- Record the Hz reading of the turbine flow meter.
5- Repeat the previous steps for different values of flow.

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Analysis:

𝜇𝑎𝑖𝑟 = 1.85 × 10−5 𝑝𝑎. 𝑠 𝜌𝑎𝑖𝑟 = 1.2 𝑘𝑔/𝑚3

𝑚
Bellow: 𝑄𝑎𝑐𝑡 = 𝑉𝑜𝑙/𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒 Turbine Meter: 𝐶𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑏 = 𝑇×1.68×10−3

# V m^3 t (sec) T (Hz) Qact (m3/s) ṁ (kg/s) Cturbine

1 0.05 61 160 0.000820 0.000983607 0.00366

2 0.05 44 180 0.001136 0.001363636 0.00451

3 0.05 34 150 0.001471 0.001764706 0.00700

4 0.05 25 80 0.002 0.0024 0.01786

5 0.05 19 140 0.002632 0.003157895 0.01343

Graph:

Cturbine - ṁ Curve
0.02
0.018
0.016
0.014
0.012
Cturbine

0.01
0.008
0.006
0.004
0.002
0
0 0.0005 0.001 0.0015 0.002 0.0025 0.003 0.0035
ṁ (kg/s)
 AIN SHAMS UNIVERSITY MEP231, Measurements and Instrumentation, Summer 2023
FACULTY OF ENGINEERING

Conclusion:
The turbine meter constant increases as mass flow rate increases throughout all the
readings except the last value, which can be excluded and considered a human error.
The values of the turbine coefficient lie between 0.2 and 0.8. Turbine flow meters use
the mechanical energy of the liquid to rotate a rotor within the flow stream. The
rotational speed is directly proportional to the velocity of the fluid traveling through
the meter. These meters are used in multiple industries to reliably measure liquids,

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