Making a World of Difference

研途考研英语冲刺阶段写作带练
（适用于英语二）

主讲老师：王 军

写作冲刺带练讲义（英语二）

第一讲

Outline 提纲

Unit 1 图表作文必备模板（1）

 Sample
...table, bar graph, pie chart
Brevity is the soul.
总分结构（general - specific）

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Gradually, sharply

As is shown in the _ 图 表 ___ given above, _________________________from

______ to ______. 概括 According to the figures , ___________________ decreased /
increased slowly from __ 数字 ___ in ___ 年 ___ to __ 数字 ____ in __ 年 ____. However,
during the same period, __the number of.../ the sales of...___________ decreased /
increased steadily from ___数字_____ to ___数字______.
点题 We learn from the bar chart that ________________________. What might
account for this phenomenon? Reasons can be listed as follows. For one thing , with
__________, it is _______ for _________________ . For another, compared with
_________ , ________________. Finally, ______________________________, which
enables______ to __________.
Whether _______________________________ still seems to be uncertain. However,
no matter __________________________________.

。。。Learn to do sth
I have learned from China Daily that ....
...enable sb to do sth, allow sb to do sth, 动词
...make our campus life colorful 形容词

 Sample composition

Steadily / sharply / gradually / slightly

...the mounting debts

As is shown in the bar chart given above, dramatic changes have taken place in
the number of paper book readers and electronic book readers from 2015 to 2019.
According to the figures , the number of paper book readers decreased slowly from 10
million in 2010 to 8 million in 2013. However, during the same period, the number of
electronic book readers increased steadily from 8 million to 12 million.
We learn from the bar chart that people in mounting numbers chose electronic
books while few people chose to read paper books. What might account for this
phenomenon? Reasons can be listed as follows. For one thing , with the widespread
use / availability of electronic devices such as smart phone, tablet PC and electronic
readers, it is much easier for electronic books to be applied and popularized . For another,
compared with paper books , electronic books are characterized by convenience in terms
of carrying and saving spaces. Finally, the cost of downloading electronic materials is
lower than that of paper books, which enables readers to save a great deal of money.

Whether electronic books will totally replace paper books one day still seems to be
uncertain. However, no matter what kind of books will vanish, the habit of reading
books should not be eliminated.

In conclusion, electronic books have become an indispensable part of our reading.

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But it can never replace the....totally. Therefore, we need to deal with the relationship
between ...and...properly.
...eliminate the fake goods / poverty
...eradicate poverty / reduce poverty

Unit 2 图表作文必备句型（1）

1. According to the table / bar graph / pie chart / curve chart, great changes have taken
place in people’s lifestyles in recent years.

2. As is shown in the table, the number of _the students __ who__study abroad____ has
significantly increased / decreased in recent years.

3. The table shows that there has been an upward trend in the number of....from...to....

4. During the period 2015 to 2018, there has been a sharp rise in the number of the
people who...

5. Since 2016, there has been a dramatic increase in the number of the graduates
applying for master’s degree. / ...the number of the students doing part-time jobs

6. From 2015 to 2018, there has been a slight decrease in the number of the people
who...

7. The number of... almost doubled.

8. The number of ..... increased / decreased / about twice, compared with the previous
year.

9. The percentage of..... is 4 times as much as that of 2015.

10. The percentage of..... is half as much as that of 2015.

11. It is estimated that the number of hours spent on sports amounts to 10 hours a week.
...have a great passion for sports

12. ... accounts for 5% of the total.

13. By 2018, almost / nearly / more than three-quarters of graduates chose to...

14. There were 100 car accidents in March, an increase of 3% in a three-month period.

15. The number of...remained steady/stable/unchanged during the decade.

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16. The percentage of.....reached a peak in March at 20%.

17. The number of...reached a low point in March at 15%.

18. The figure of..... reached 95 percent, the highest level ever recorded since 2015.

19. Two factors can account for this phenomenon. 第二段首句

20. There are several factors leading to this trend. 第二段首句

Unit 3 图表作文首段数字趋势描述

1. The table shows the sales figures of novels, books of philosophy, science, foreign
languages and computer science in a college bookshop for March 2015. Obviously, books
of foreign languages and computer science are the most popular among different readers.
The total number of foreign languages books sold for the month reached 882 (482 to
college students, 68 to staff, and 332 to the public) and the number of computer science
was 828. Of this figure, college students bought 324, staff 216 and the public 288.

本幅图表显示了 2015 年 3 月某高校书店的小说、哲学、科学、外语和计算机科学类图

书的销售情况。很明显，外语和计算机科学类的书籍在不同的读者群中最受欢迎。当月售出

的外文图书为 882 本(其中大学生购买 482 本、教职工 68 本、公众 332 本)，计算机科学

类图书销售量为 828 本。其中，大学生购买了 324 件，员工 216 件，公众 288 件。

2. There were some significant changes in modes of transport used by city dwellers
from 2005 to 2015. Although buses still remained popular during the 10 years, the other
modes experienced an increase. A very noticeable trend was the steady increase in
transportation by automobile and subway, accounting for __%_ and ___%__ respectively.

从 2005 年到 2015 年，城市居民使用的交通方式发生了一些重大变化。尽管公共汽车

在这 10 年里仍然很受欢迎，但其他的交通方式却经历了一个上升期。一个非常明显的趋势

是汽车和地铁交通的稳步增长，二者分别占了___ %和____%。

3. As is shown clearly in the table, there was a noticeable change in the way people
spent their holidays from 2000 and 2009. In 2000, 63% of people spent their holidays at

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home, while the figure decreased considerably to 24% in 2009. At the same time, the
number of the people choosing to travel rose sharply from 37% in 2000 to 76% in 2009.

如图表所示，从 2000 年到 2009 年，人们度假的方式发生了明显的变化。2000 年，

63%的人在家里度假，而这一数字在 2009 年大幅下降至 24%。与此同时，选择旅游的人

数从 2000 年的 37%急剧上升到 2009 年的 76%。

Unit 4 图表作文领练

1. 交通建设成就

According to the table above, by 2012,China's high-speed rail track is set to reach
13,000 km, longer than the combined distance laid in the rest of the world. Besides,
railway investment has peaked between 2010 and 2012, with annual investment reaching
no less than 600 billion yuan.

根据上面的表格，到 2012 年，中国的高铁轨道将达到 13000 公里，比世界上其他国家

铺设的距离加起来还要长。此外，铁路投资在 2010 年至 2012 年达到顶峰，年投资额不低

于 6000 亿元。

There are several factors leading to the rapid development of high-speed rail track.
First of all, as a modern transportation method, high-speed trains can travel at speeds as
high as 350 kilometers per hour, which can save a lot of time. It also plays a key role in
spurring the domestic demand, which is considered an important measure to boost the
economic growth. Lastly, China's high-speed railways have been operating well, with
reliable equipment and a good safety record.
有几个因素导致了中国高速铁路轨道的快速发展。首先，作为一种现代交通方式，高速

列车可以以每小时 350 公里的速度运行，这可以节省很多时间。它在拉动内需方面也起着

关键作用，拉动内需被认为是推动中国经济增长的重要措施。最后，中国高铁运行良好，设
备可靠，安全记录良好。
We can predict that China’s high-speed passenger service will develop in a sound way.

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For one thing, more fund will be invested in this field. Besides, great emphasis must be
laid on the innovation of technology. Lastly, the international cooperation and technology
export should be enhanced.
我们可以预见，中国的高速客运服务将以健康的方式发展。一方面，更多的资金将投入
到这个领域。此外，必须高度重视技术创新。最后，加强国际合作和技术出口。

2. 支付方式变革

According to the table above, great changes have taken place in mode of payment
these years. Five years ago, 65% of people paid for the products they bought by means of
cash or credit cards while in 2015 an overwhelming majority of people will do it through
mobile payment tool, such as Alipay or Wechat.

根据以上这幅图表，支付方式在这些年来发生了很大的变化。五年前，65%的人通过

现金或信用卡支付，而在 2015 年，绝大多数人将通过支付宝或微信等移动支付工具支付。

Now China is the world-leading mobile payment country. It is no exaggeration to say

that mobile payment has become a kind of lifestyle of Chinese people. There are many
reasons leading to this phenomenon. Firstly, the Internet technology is developing at a
fantastic speed in China, which makes it possible for mobile payment to gain growing
popularity throughout the country. Secondly, China has the world’s largest netizens, which
is the foundation for the wide extension of the mode of mobile payment. Finally, some
famous companies, such as Alibaba and Tecent, also play a positive role in popularizing
this new mode of payment.
中国现在是世界领先的移动支付国家。毫不夸张地说，移动支付已经成为中国人的一种
生活方式。导致这一现象的原因有很多。首先，互联网技术在中国正以惊人的速度发展，这
使得移动支付在全国越来越受欢迎成为可能。其次，中国拥有世界上最多的网民，这是移动
支付模式广泛普及的基础。最后，一些著名的公司，如阿里巴巴和腾讯，也在推广这种新的
支付模式中发挥了积极的作用。
From all above, we can conclude that mobile payment will be a general trend in the
future. On one hand, we should put great emphasis on innovation and invention in every
field. On the other hand, some effective measures must be taken to resist the financial
risks. As long as we follow the points mentioned above, we can benefit more from the
Internet technology in the days to come.
综上所述，我们可以得出结论，移动支付将是未来的大趋势。一方面，我们应该高度重
视各领域的创新和发明。另一方面，必须采取一些有效的措施来抵御金融风险。只要我们遵
循上面提到的几点，我们就能在未来的日子里从互联网技术中获益更多。

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 图表作文写作带练第二讲

1）句子仿写练习

仿写并背诵精彩的句子或段落既可培养英语语感，了解英语作文的发展方式，又可提高
语言表达能力。

1. In recent years there has been a big growth in the area of college athletics.
近年来，大学体育运动方面有了很大的发展。

① 做兼职工作的学生人数急剧增加。
There has been a dramatic increase in the number of the students studying abroad in
recent years.

doing part-time jobs.

Considering ..., we can...
a considerable number of...

② 近年来，出国留学的学生人数呈上升趋势。
There has been an trend in the number of the students studying abroad
these years.

2. Imports of goods from Central and Eastern Europe reached 3.76 billion yuan, an
increase of 6.3 percent from 2019.
从中东欧进口商品达 37.6 亿元，比 2019 年增长 6.3%。

① 今年参加高考的学生人数达到了 1078 万，比 2020 年增长了 5%。

The number of the students taking Gaokao has reached 10.78 million this year, an
increase of 5 % from 2020.

3. The amount accounted for 2 percent of the country’s total and more than half of
Zhejiang’s total.
这一金额占全国总额的 2%，超过浙江总额的一半。

① 国产汽车的销量占总销量的 25%。
The sales of the domestically made cars accounted for 25% of the total.
...a newly adopted financial policy

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 4. The total value of imports and exports from Ningbo to Poland in the first four months
was 3.94 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 32 percent, accounting for 32.9 percent
of the city’s total for the period.
今年前四个月，宁波市对波兰进出口总额达 39.4 亿元，同比增长 32%，占全市同期进
出口总额的 32.9%。

① 2022 年选择创业的人数为_______，同比增长 10%，占毕业生总数的_____%。

The number of the people choosing to start the business is _______in 2022, a
year-on-year increase of 10%, accounting for _____% of the graduates.

2. 句式多样化的常见方法

通过句式多样化可以增加句子的层次感，使句子灵活、简洁而有富于变化，这样不仅可以
做到表意完整且能使文章富有亮点。请看如下的例子：

1）同位语的使用

China has abundant water resources.

 China, a country with a great number of rivers, has abundant water resources. 中国

是一个河流众多的国家，拥有丰富的水资源。

 The table reflects a prevailing trend, the rapid development of urbanization and

migration of rural population. 该表反映了一个普遍趋势，即城市化的迅速发展和农村人口的

迁移。

 Mobile payment, a product of the digital age, has transformed the way of our life.

移动支付作为数字时代的产物，已经改变了我们的生活方式。

2）分词结构作状语的使用

A growing number of graduates choose to start the business of their own. 越来越多的毕

业生选择自己创业。An increasing number of.../ a considerable number of...

 Supported by the government, a growing number of graduates choose to start the

business of their own. 在政府的支持下，越来越多的毕业生选择自主创业。

 The number of the students doing part-time jobs has greatly increased, reaching one

million this year. 做兼职工作的学生人数大大增加了，今年达到了一百万。

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 4）分词作后置定语的使用

 The number of the students studying abroad has been on the rise these years.

近年来，出国留学的学生人数一直在上升。

..increase, rise, on the rise, the upward trend

 According to the figures released by the authority, the number of the students
applying for master’s degree has been on the rise these years.
根据权威机构发布的数据，申请硕士学位的学生人数近年来一直在上升。

二、宏观练习

1) 2022 年写作真题带练

48. Directions:
Write an essay based on the chart below. In your writing,you should
1. interpret the chart,and
2. give your comments.
You should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET.(15 points)

【参考范文】

The bar chart given illustrates the growth of the express industry in China from 2018
to 2020. 概括 Specifically speaking, the total domestic business volume was 51 billion
parcels in 2018 and increased to 83 billion packages in 2020. Meanwhile, the business
volume in rural areas also gradually climbed from 12 billion to 30 billion, which suggests
the express industry in rural areas has a great potential.
...give a general illustration of..
To be specific, ...
Remote, coastal areas

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 举一反三：
As is shown in the bar graph given above, China's express industry has experienced
a period of rapid development in the past few years. To be specific, the total business
volume was 51 million packages in 2018 and increased to 83 billion packages in 2020.
Besides, the business volume in rural areas also climbed from 12 billion to 30 billion.

In general, there are several factors accounting for such a trend. Firstly, the electronic
commerce has been booming in recent years, which has laid a solid foundation for the
expansion of the industry. Secondly, the shopping pattern of the public has also changed
a lot. Nowadays a growing number of city residents rely on online retailing platforms, like
Taobao and Jingdong. In such a case, goods purchased by the consumers need to be
transported and delivered by express industry, which brings a rare opportunity for
express industry to grow rapidly. Last but not least, the government put great emphasis
on the construction of infrastructure, including the rural areas, which greatly contributes to
the development of China’s express industry.
...main, chief, major, leading factors / reasons
Emerge / emerging economies /
There are three chief reasons leading to this trend.
To begin with, with the emergence of the Internet technology, there has been a boom
in e-commerce, which paves the way for the rapid development of express industry.
Besides, due to the extensive use of the Internet, online shopping has gradually come
into people’s daily life and become a kind of lifestyle, which offers a rare opportunity for
express industry to develop rapidly in a very short period of time.
Most importantly, great emphasis has been placed on the construction of
infrastructure in recent years, including roads, railways and airports. The great progress
achieved in the field of transportation has laid a solid foundation for the take-off of express
industry.
...put, place, lay emphasis on...
...attach great importance to..
...highlight, stress, emphasize

Based on what has been mentioned above, we may come to the conclusion that
express delivery industry plays a key role in the economic growth. It not only brings us
convenience but also accelerate the economic development. Meanwhile, it can be
predicted that the business volume of express delivery will continue to increase in the
years to come.
We can predict that...

In a word, China’s express industry has made remarkable achievements in recent

years and transformed the way of our life in many aspects. Meanwhile, it can be predicted
that the business volume of express industry in both urban and rural areas will continue to
expand due to the great demand of the market.

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2) 2011 年考研英语真题带练

Directions:
Write an essay based on the following chart. In your writing, you should
1. interpret the chart, and
2. give your comments.
You should write at least 150 words
Write your essay on ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)

【参考范文】
According to the chart above, some noticeable changes have taken place in the
market share of different car brands. To be specific, the market share of domestically
made cars increased by about 7% from 2008 to 2009. During the same period, the share
taken by the Japanese car brands declined by about 10% from 35% to 26% and that of
American car brands remained unchanged.
According to the chart given above, we can observe that some noticeable changes
have taken place in terms of market share of different car brands. As can be seen from the
chart, the share of the domestically made cars increased by 7% from 2008 to 2009. By
contrast, the share of the Japanese car brands sharply declined from 35% to 26%. When
it comes to the American car brands, the share of them remained unchanged / stable
during the same period.
In my view, such trend is mainly caused by the following three factors.
Firstly, in recent years,Chinese car makers put great emphasis on the improvement
of the quality, including car’s exterior and function. Of course, the reasonable price is
another factor which attracts the consumers.
Secondly, Japanese cars have gradually lost their competitiveness partly due to
safety crisis, such as brake problems and other problems related to safety.
Compared with the domestic and Japanese car brands, American cars are more
expensive and have a high oil consumption, which explains why the sales of American
cars remain unchanged in recent two years.

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 In my view, such trend is mainly caused by the following three factors. Firstly,
Chinese car makers put great emphasis on the quality of the products and the after-sales
services for the consumers in recent years. Of course, the price of the cars have gradually
dropped these years, which is also considered as an important element to attract the
consumers. Secondly, Japanese car brands have gradually lost their competitiveness
partly due to safety crisis, such as brake problems. Thirdly, compared with previous two
kinds of car brands, the American cars are more expensive and energy-consuming, which
explains why the sales of American cars are low and have not changed so much.

In short, it can be predicted that the market share of the domestically made cars will
continue to expand since great importance has been attached to the introduction and
adoption of new technology as well as better after-sales services for the consumers.
Meanwhile, the share of other car brands will decline in the future.

In short, it can be predicted that the market share of domestic car brands will continue
to expand due to great emphasis on both after-sales services and the introduction and
adoption of the new technology. Meanwhile, the share of foreign car brands will continue
to decline since the cars made in China have greatly enhanced their competitiveness in
the market.

3) 2012 年考研英语短文写作真题

Directions:
Write an essay based on the following table. In your writing, you should
1. describe the table, and
2. give your comments.
You should write about 150 words
Write your essay on ANSWER SHEET 2. (15 points)

【参考范文】

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第一段操作程序

As is shown in the table, a big difference exists in terms of job satisfaction among
people of different ages in a certain company. Of all these employees, people aged 41 to
50 are most dissatisfied with their current status, accounting for 64% of this age group. On
the contrary, 40% of those above 50 are moderately satisfied with their present situation.
Those under 40 make no comments about this issue, which takes up about 50%.

As can be seen from the table given above, there is a definite link between age and
job satisfaction of the employees in a certain company. To be specific, the employees
aged 41 to 50 show an obvious dissatisfaction to their current status, accounting for 64%
of this age group. Interestingly, those above 50 are relatively satisfied with their position,
which makes up 40%. As to those under 40, they make no comments about their current
situation, taking up about 50%.

In my view, there are several factors leading to this result. To begin with, most of those
aged 41 to 50 are the breadwinners of the family. And they bear more financial and
psychological pressure and long for a high salary, which explains why they show a great
dissatisfaction with / to their current position. On the contrary, the people aged over 50
enjoy a relatively higher job satisfaction in that they experienced hardships in the past and
know how to strike a balance between the dreams and the reality. Compared with the two
groups mentioned above, people under 40 pay little attention to their current situation
since they are not under too much pressure at the moment.

In my view, there are several factors leading to this result. To begin with, with the
competition becoming increasingly fierce, those middle-aged people are suffering great
financial and psychological pressure. That is why they aspire to work in the more

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challenging positions with higher salary. On the contrary, the employees over 50 show a
relatively higher job satisfaction because they experienced a lot in the past and know how
to cope with the difficulties and strike a balance between personal expectation and the
reality. Compared with other two age groups, the life of those under 40 is full of
uncertainties, so they are unable to give a definite answer to this question.

In general, a big difference exists among people of different ages in terms of job
satisfaction. For one thing, the employees should update their knowledge constantly so as
to increase their competitiveness in the company. For another, the management should
make great efforts to improve the living and working conditions for the employees. Only in
these ways can we expect a marked increase in the job satisfaction.

In short, we can conclude that age is closely associated with one’s job satisfaction. In
order to increase the job satisfaction, the employees need to update knowledge so as to
enhance their own competitiveness. Meanwhile, great efforts should be made by the
management to constantly improve the living and working conditions. Only in these ways
will the employees have a high sense of belonging.

4）2013 年考研英语短文写作真题

Directions:
Write an essay based on the following chart. In your writing, you should
1. interpret the chart, and
2. give your comments.
You should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET . (15 points)

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【参考范文】

The bar chart reveals the proportion of the students taking up part-time jobs in a
certain university. According to the figures, there is a steady increase in the percentage of
freshmen, sophomore and juniors while the proportion of the seniors has witnessed a
sharp increase, rising up to 88.24%.
Several reasons can account for this phenomenon. To begin with, the temporary jobs
offer students a good chance to apply what they have learned from books to practice. This
is why so many students show a great interest in doing part-time jobs in their spare time.
In addition, doing part-time jobs enable them to know more about the real society, which
helps them better adapt to the life after graduation. But what explains a sharp increase in
participation rate among seniors? The possible reason is that, compared with other three
groups, the seniors have completed most of the courses, which gives them more time to
do whatever they like, including doing part-time jobs.
To conclude, part-time job has become an indispensable part of our campus life.
Meanwhile, it can be predicted that in the future, the number of the students taking up
part-time jobs will continue to increase in the future.

5) 2014 年考研英语短文写作真题

Directions:
Write an essay based on the following chart. In your essay, you should
1. interpret the chart, and
2. give your comments.
You should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET. (15points)

【参考范文】
The bar chart reveals that both rural and urban population experienced a noticeable
change over the past two decades. From 1990 to 2010, the number of city residents

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increased rapidly from 300 million in 1990 to nearly 670 million in 2010 while the number
of rural population decreased gradually from about 830 million to roughly 680 million.
From the chart, we can learn that people in mounting numbers leave the rural areas
and move to the cities. What exactly contribute to this phenomenon? Several reasons can
account for this. Firstly, the government has made the policy to promote urbanization,
which is the key factor leading to the increase of urban population. Secondly, compared
with rural areas, city life enables people to have more job opportunities and enjoy a decent
salary. Thirdly, urban life brings residents more benefits, such as good infrastructure,
medical care and better education for children.
To conclude, urbanization is an irreversible trend and this is going to be a long
process. Meanwhile, the unbalanced development between big cities and rural areas also
shows that China still has a long way to go in terms of its urbanization.

6）2015 年考研英语短文写作真题

Directions:
Write an essay based on the following chart. In your writing, you should
1. interpret the chart, and
2. give your comments.
You should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)

【参考范文】
The pie chart shows the resident’s expenses of a certain city during the Spring
Festival. Of all these expenses, the amount of money spent on gifts is at the top of the list,
accounting for about 40% of the total. Besides, the expense on traffic, dinner parties and
other aspects takes up 20% respectively.
From the statistics above, we can observe that the recent years have witnessed
some changes in residents’ spending mode during the Spring Festival. There are at least
two reasons for these changes. First of all, with the social changes, people pay more and
more attention to interpersonal relationship. During the festival, sending gifts each other is
considered as a good way to reinforce / enhance emotional connection. Another change

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is the marked rise of expenses on traffic and parties. Previously, many families would
spend the Spring Festival at home with family members, but in recent years more and
more families choose to celebrate the new year at the high-rating restaurants and some
even travel abroad during the holiday, which makes the marked increase of the expense
on food and traffic inevitable.
To sum up, people’s spending habits have changed a lot in recent years. With the
steady economic growth of China, we can predict that the expenses on gifts or enhancing
the emotional connection will continue to increase in the days to come.

7）2017 年考研英语短文写作真题

Directions:
Write an essay based on the following chart, in which you should
1. describe the chart and
2. state your opinions drawn from it.
You should write about 150 words neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. （15 points）

【参考范文】
As is shown in the chart, the past three years witnessed a steady rise in the number
of both museum and its visitors. Specifically speaking, there was a sharp rise in the
number of museum in China, soaring from 4,165 in 2013 to 4,692 in 2015. Similarly, the
number of visitors also experienced a corresponding rise from 637.8 million to 781.1
million during the same period.
There are two factors leading to this tendency. First of all, museum plays a key role in
the construction and inheritance of traditional cultures. In order to make our splendid
cultures known to more people, a lot of money has been invested in the construction of
the museum by the government. Besides, with the improvement of the material life, the
public begin to seek for the rich spiritual life and they want to know more about history and
culture of the country. That is why so many tourists make museum one of their travel
destinations.
In general, we can come to a conclusion that nowadays visiting museums has
become an indispensable part of people’s daily life. Meanwhile, we can also predict that
the number of museum and its visitors will continue to increase in the years to come.

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