Tissue Organization in the Various Plant Parts

Recall: That all plant parts have the same 3 tissues:

▪ Dermal

▪ Vascular

▪ Ground

However how those tissues are organized depends on the type of plant, monocot or
dicot. They can be distinguished by the differences in the vascular tissue arrangement

Roots

The vascular tissues are organized in the center of the root and is surrounded by an
endodermis
▪ In dicots, the xylem forms an X with the phloem located in the arms of the X

▪ In monocots, the xylem and phloem are found in a ring inside the endodermis.
The center part is made of ground tissue called the pith.
▪ The ground tissue which makes up the cortex, found between the endodermis
and the epidermis.
▪ The dermal tissue forms the outermost layer.

Dicot Monocot
Stems

The xylem and phloem cells are organized as vascular bundles. The xylem points
toward the center of the stem with the phloem to the outside
▪ In dicots, the vascular bundles are arranged in a ring around the outer
circumference of the stem. The xylem and phloem are divided by a layer of cells
called the vascular cambium which is able to divide to make more xylem and
phloem cells.
▪ In monocots, the vascular bundles are scattered throughout the ground tissue.
There is no vascular cambium.
▪ The dermal tissues form the outermost layer.

▪ The ground tissue is the cortex for support and the pith for storage

Dicot Monocot

Leaves
The xylem and phloem are arranged in a vein. The veins are surrounded by a bundle
sheath and ground tissue.
▪ In dicots, the veins go in any direction, called a netted pattern

▪ In monocots, the veins are parallel

▪ The ground tissue is made up of parenchyma cells which are responsible for
support and photosynthesis
▪ The dermal tissue is the upper and lower epidermis which is coated by the
cuticle. There are openings called stomata in this layer. The stomata are
controlled by j

Dicot Monocot