1. Which of the following best describes a Null Hypothesis?

a. It is the hypothesis that needs to be rejected.

b. It is the hypothesis that the researcher wants to accept to prove the occurrence of a phenomenon.

c. It is the hypothesis which the researcher tries to disprove or reject.

d. It is the hypothesis that can either be accepted or rejected.

2. Which of the following best describes an Alternative Hypothesis?

a. It is the hypothesis that needs to be rejected.

b. It is the hypothesis that the researcher wants to accept to prove the occurrence of a phenomenon.

c. It is the hypothesis which the researcher tries to disprove or reject.

d. It is the hypothesis that can either be accepted or rejected.

3. Which of the following is the correct way to understand a p-value of 0.01?

a. The probability that the null hypothesis is true is 0.01.

b. The probability that the sample statistic shows the true relationship or parameter is 0.01.

c. If the null hypothesis were true, the probability if a test statistic as or more extreme than the one
estimated is 0.01.

d. If the alternative hypothesis were true, the probability of the null hypothesis would be 0.01.

4. Which statement is not true about confidence intervals?

a. A confidence interval is an interval of values computed from sample data that is likely to include the
true population value.

b. An approximate formula for a 95% confidence interval is sample estimate + margin of error.

c. A confidence interval between 20% and 40% means that the population proportion lies between 20%
and 40%.

d. A 99% confidence interval procedure has a higher probability of producing intervals that will include
the population parameter than a 95% confidence interval procedure.

5. Which statement is not true about the 95% confidence level?

a. Confidence intervals computed by using the same procedure will include the true population value for
95% of all possible random samples taken from the population.

b. The procedure that is used to determine the confidence interval will provide an interval that includes
the population parameter with a probability of 0.95.

c. The probability that the true value of the population parameter falls between the bounds of an
already computed confidence interval is roughly 95%.
d. If we consider all possible randomly selected samples of the same size from a population, 95% is the
percentage of those samples for which the confidence interval includes the population parameter.

6. A randomly selected sample of 400 students at a university with 15-week semesters was asked
whether or not they think the semester should be shortened to 14 weeks (with longer classes). Forty six
percent (46%) of the 400 students surveyed answered "yes." Which one of the following statements
about the number 46% is correct?

a. It is a sample statistic.

b. It is a population parameter.

c. It is a margin of error.

d. It is a standard error.

7. Which of the following examples involves paired data?

a. A study compared the average number of courses taken by a random sample of 100 freshmen at a
university with the average number of courses taken by a separate random sample of 100 freshmen at a
community college.

b. A group of 100 students were randomly assigned to receive vitamin C (50 students) or a placebo (50
students). The groups were followed for 2 weeks and the proportions with colds were compared.

c. A group of 50 students had their blood pressures measured before and after watching a movie
containing violence. The mean blood pressure before the movie was compared with the mean pressure
after the movie.

d. None of the above.

8. What happens if a researcher increases a-level before conducting the test?

a. It decreases the chance of detecting difference.

b. It increases the chance of making a Type I error.

c. It increases the chance of making a Type Il error.

d. It causes failure to reject the Null Hypothesis when it is false.

9. Which of the following is correct about Type I Error?

a. The sample does not appear to have been affected by the treatment when, in fact, the treatment
does have an effect.

b. The researcher fails to reject the null hypothesis and falsely concluded that the treatment does not
have an effect.

c. The sample data appear to show a treatment effect when, in fact, there is none.

d. It is caused by a very small treatment effect that is not large enough to show up in a research study.
10. Which of the following is not correct about Type II Error?

a. The sample does not appear to have been affected by the treatment when, in fact, the treatment
does have an effect.

b. The researcher fails to reject the null hypothesis and falsely concluded that the treatment does not
have an effect.

c. The sample data appear to show a treatment effect when, in fact, there is none.

d. It is caused by a very small treatment effect that is not large enough to show up in a research study.

11. Which of the following is correct about factor in designing an experiment?

a. It is a controllable variable.

c. It is the value of variable gathered.

b. It is a measurable outcome of interest.

d. It is an uncontrollable variable.

12. Which of the following is correct about response in designing an experiment?

a. It is a controllable variable.

b. It is a measurable outcome of interest.

c. It is the value of variable gathered.

d. It is an uncontrollable variable.

13. Which of the following is correct about a positive correlation?

a. If one variable decreases the other variable increases.

b. If a variable increases the other variable decreases.

c. If one variable decreases the other variable decreases.

d. None of the choices.

14. Which of the following is correct for a negative correlation?

a. If one variable increases the other variable increases.

b. If a variable increases the other variable decreases.

c. If one variable decreases the other variable decreases.

d. None of the choices.

15. Which of the following is true about strong correlation?

a. A correlation value that is near -/+ 1.

b. A correlation value that is near -1.

c. A correlation value that is near +1.

d. A correlation value that is near 0.

16. It is a statistical procedure used to test an alternative hypothesis against a null hypothesis and used
to determine whether two sample means are different when variances are known and sample is large,
commonly above 30.

a. 1-Sample Z-Test

b. 1-Sample T-Test

c. Independent-Sample T-Test

d. Paired-Sample T-Test

17. It is a statistical procedure used to test an alternative hypothesis against a null hypothesis and used
to determine whether two sample means from a single population are different when the variance in
known.

a. 1-Sample Z-Test

b. 1-Sample T-Test

c. Independent-Sample T-Test

d. Paired-Sample T-Test

18. It is a statistical procedure used to test an alternative hypothesis against a nuil hypothesis and used
to determine whether two sample means from two groups are different when the variance in known.

a. 1-Sample Z-Test

b. 1-Sample T-Test

c. Independent-Sample T-Test

d. Paired-Sample T-Test

19. It is a statistical procedure used to test an alternative hypothesis against a null hypothesis and used
to determine whether two sample means from the same groups are different when the variance in
known.

a. 1-Sample Z-Test

b. 1-Sample T-Test

c. Independent-Sample T-Test

d. Paired-Sample T-Test

20. It is a statistical procedure used to test if means of more than two quantitative populations are
different.
a. Independent Sample T-Test

b. Paired Sample T-Test

c. Correlation Analysis

d. ANOVA

21. It tests a null hypothesis that assumes no significant difference between groups of more than two
with only one independent variable and one dependent variable.

a. One-Way ANOVA

b. Two-Way ANOVA

C. Three-Way ANOVA

d. MANOVA

22. It tests null hypotheses that assumes no significant difference between values that are grouped
according to two different independent variables and that there is no interaction between these
independent variables while looking into a single dependent variable.

a. One-Way ANOVA

b. Two-Way ANOVA

C. Three-Way ANOVA

d. MANOVA

23. It is a statistical treatment that determines how much is the effect of independent variable(s) to the
dependent variable.

a. Correlation Analysis

b. Chi-Square Test for Goodness-of-Fit

c. Chi-Square Test for Independence

d. Regression Analysis

24. It is a statistical treatment that tests if the observed frequencies are different from the expected
frequencies.

a. Correlation Analysis

b. Chi-Square Test for Goodness-of-Fit

c. Chi-Square Test for Independence

d. Regression Analysis

25. It is a statistical treatment that tests if the groups are different from each other.
a. Correlation Analysis

b. Chi-Square Test for Goodness-of-Fit

c. Chi-Square Test for Independence

d. Regression Analysis

A researcher wants to determine if there is a significant difference on the results of the pre-assessment
and post-assessment on Computer Programming course for the current semester. The reasercher
gathered the data from 50 students. The result of the test is as follows.

Table 1

Comparison of Means on Computer Programming Pre-Assessment and Post-Assessment

Paired Differences

95% Confidence
Interval of the
Difference
Mean Std. Std. Lower Upper t df Sig.(2-
Deviation Mean tailed)
Pair 1 Pre_Test- -4.42000 7.18868 1.01663 - - -4.348 49 .000
6.46300 2.37700
Post_Test

26. Which of the following is the correcy null hypothesis for the problem?

a. There is no significant difference between the pre-assessment and post-assessment of the Computer
Programming course.

b. There is no significant relationship between the post-assessment and sex.

c. There is no significant association between the pre-assessment and post-assessment of Computer

Programming course.

d. There is no significant effect of pre-assessment on the post-assessment of the Computer

Programming course.

27. Based on Table 1, what statistical treatment did the researcher used to determine if means of the
pre-assessment and post-assessment are equal?

a. 1-Sample T Test

b. 2-Sample T Test

c. Paired-Sample T Test

d. ANOVA
28. Based on Table 1, which of the following is the correct interpretation of the difference between the
pre-assessment and post-assessment of Computer Programming course?

a. The results of the pre-assessment and post-assessment on Computer Programming course are equal.

b. The results of the pre-assessment and post-assessment on Computer Programming course are not
equal.

C. There is no significant associaton between the pre-assessment and post-assessment of the Computer
Programming course.

d. There is a significant associaton between the pre-assessment and post-assessment of the Computer
Programming course.

A group of researchers want to determine if there is a significant difference between the levels of
technology skills of the respondents who are mostly academic personnel when they are classified into
five (5) age groups: 30 years old and below; 31-35 years old; 36-40 years old; 41-45 years old; and 46
years old and above. There researchers used One-Way ANOVA and arrived with the following result.

Table 2

One-Way ANOVA Result on Level of Technology Skills when Respondents are grouped according to Age.

Source DF Adj SS Adj MS F-Value P-Value

Age 4 1377 344.18 15.9 0
Error 227 4915 21.65
Total 231 6292

29. Which of the following is the correcy null hypothesis for the problem? a.

a. There is no significant difference between the level of technology skills when the respondents are
groupes according to age.

b. There is no significant relationship between the level of technology skills and age.

c. There is no significant association between the level of technoogy skills and age.

d. There is no significant effect of age on the level of technology skills.

30. Based on Table 2, which of the following is the correct interpretation of the difference between the
levels of technology skills of the respondents when they are grouped according to age?

a. There is a significant associaton between the level of technology skills and age of the respondent.

b. There is a significant difference between the levels of technology skills of the respondents when they
are grouped according to age.

c. There is no significant associaton between the level of technology skills and age of the respondent.

d. There is no significant difference between the levels of technology skills of the respondents when
they are grouped according to age.
A group of researchers want to determine if there is a significant difference between the levels of
technology skills of the respondents who are mostly academic personnel when they are classified into
sex: Male and Female. There researchers used One-Way ANOVA and arrived with the following result.

Table 3

One-Way ANOVA Result on Level of Technology Skills when Respondents are grouped according to Sex.

Source DF Adj SS Adj MS F-Value P-Value

Sex 1 162.6 162.57 6.1 0.014
Error 230 6129.2 26.65
Total 231 6291.7

31. Which of the following is the correcy null hypothesis for the problem? a.

a. There is no significant difference between the level of technology skills when the respondents are
groupes according to sex.

b. There is no significant relationship between the level of technology skills and sex.

c. There is no significant association between the level of technoogy skills and sex.

d. There is no significant effect of sex on the level of technology skills.

32. Based on Table 3, which of the following the correct interpretation of the difference between the
levels of technology skills of the respondents when they are grouped according to sex?

a. There is a significant associaton between the level of technology skills and sex of the respondent.

b. There is a significant difference between the levels of technology skills of the respondents when they
are grouped according to sex.

c. There is no significant associaton between the level of technology skills and sex of the respondent.

d. There is no significant difference between the levels of technology skills of the respondents when
they are grouped according to sex.

A researcher wants to determine if there is a significant relationship between the hygiene factors
(Management Leadership, Working Condition, Salary and Organizational Justice) and employee
performance. The researcher gathered data from 90 respondents among selected firms in Muntinlupa
City. After performing Spearman's Rank Correlation, the researcher arrived with the following table.
 Table 4

Correlation Analysis Result on Hygiene Factors and Employee Performance

Employee Management Working Salary Organizational

Performance Leadership Condition Justice
Management 0.201
Leadership 0.078
Working -0.052 0.509
Condition 0.652 0
Salary 0.164 0.509 0.425
0.153 0 0
Organizational 0.184 0.555 0.476 0.781
Justice 0.107 0 0 0
Hygiene 0.171 0.751 0.665 0.878 0.889
Factors 0.135 0 0 0 0
Cell Contents
Spearman rho
P-value

33. Which of the following is the correcy null hypothesis for the problem?

a. There is no significant difference between the perceived level of each hygiene factors in te
organization.

b. There is no significant relationship between the individual hygiene factors.

c. There is no significant association between the hygiene factors and the employee performance.

d. There is no significant effect of hygiene factors on employee performance.

34. Based on Table 4, which of the following individual hygiene factors has a significant relationship with
employee performance.

a. Management Leadership

c. Salary

b. Working Condition

d. None of the choice

35. Based on Table 4, which of the following is the correct interpretation of the relationship between
the collective hygiene factors and employee performance.

How to interpret the correlation coefficient "r":?

 If the computed value is:

0 to +/- 20%, there is negligible correlation +/- 71% to +/- 90%, there is high correlation

+/- 21% to +/- 40%, there is slight correlation +/- 91% to +/- 99%, there is very correlation

+/- 41% to +/- 70%, there is moderate correlation +/- 100%, there is perfect correlation

a. There is a Neglible Positive Correlation between the collective hygiene factors and employee
performance but it is found to be insignificant.

b. There is a Moderate Positive Correlation between the collective hygiene factors and employee
performance but is is found to be insignificant.

c. There is a significant Neglible Positive Correlation between the collective hygiene factors and
employee performance.

d. There is a significant Moderate Positive Correlation between the collective hygiene factors and
employee performance.

36. Which of the following is the best conclusion for Table 4?

a. If Hygiene factors like Management Leadership, Working Condition, Salary and Organizational Justice
are present in an organization, it result into an increase in the individual work performance of
employees. The absence of these factors also results into a lower individual work performance of
employees.

b. If hygiene factors like Mangement Leadership, Working Condition, Salary and Organizitional Justice
are very much taken care of by the management, it results to a lower individual work performance
among the employees. The absence of these factors results into a higher individual work performance.

c. If hygiene factors like Management Leadership, Working Condition, Salary and Organizational Justice
are are neglected by the company, it result into a lower individual work performance of employees.

d. Hygiene factors like Management Leadership, Working Condition, Salary and Organizational Justice,
whether present or not in an organization, or being taken care or not by the management, does not
affect the individual work performance of the employees.

A researcher wants to determine if there is a significant relationship between the motivational factors
(Recognition, Role Clarity, Training and Development, and Engagement) and employee performance.
The researcher gathered data from 90 respondents among selected firms in Muntinlupa City. After
performing Spearman's Rank Correlation, the researcher arrived with the following table.

Table 5

Correlation Analysis Result on Motivational Factors and Employee Performance

 Table 5

Correlation Analysis Result on Motivational Factors and Employee Performance

Employee Recognition Role Clarity Training & Engagement

Performance Development
Recognition 0.293
0.009
Role Clarity 0.266 0.465
0.019 0
Training & 0.313 0.601 0.662
Development 0.005 0 0
Engagement 0.365 0.652 0.497 0.679
0.001 0 0 0
Motivators 0.351 0.795 0.778 0.594 0.833
0.002 0 0 0 0
Cell content
Spearman rho
P-Value

37. Which of the following is the correctly null hypothesis for the problem?

a. There is no significant difference between the perceived level of each motivational factors in te
organization.

b. There is no significant relationship between the individual motivational factors.

c. There is no significant association between the motivational factors and the employee performance.
d. There is no significant effect of motivational factors on employee performance.

38. Based on Table 5, which of the following individual motivational factors has a significant relationship
with employee performance.

a. Recognition

b. Role Clarity

c. Training and Development

d. All of the choices

39. Based on Table 5, which of the following is the correct interpretation of the relationship between
the collective motivational factors and employee performance.

How to interpret the correlation coefficient "r" : ?

If the computed value is:

0 to +/- 20%, there is negligible correlation

+/- 21% to +/- 40%, there is slight correlation

+/- 41% to +/- 70%, there is moderate correlation

+/- 71% to +/- 90%, there is high correlation

+/-91% to +/- 99%, there is very correlation

+/- 100%, there is perfect correlation

a. There is a Slight Positive Correlation between the collective motivational factors and employee
performance but it is found to be insignificant.

b. There is a Negligible Positive Correlation between the collective motivational factors and employee
performance but is is found to be insignificant.

c. There is a significant Neglible Positive Correlation between the collective motivational factors and
employee performance.

d. There is a significant Slight Positive Correlation between the collective motivational factors and
employee performance.

40. Which of the following is the best conclusion for Table 5?

a. If Motivational factors like Recognition, Role Clarity, Training and Development. and Engagement are
present in an organization, it result into an increase in the individual work performance of employees.
The absence of these factors also results into a lower individual work performance of employees.

b. If Motivational factors like Recognition, Role Clarity, Training and Development. and Engagement are
very much taken care of by the management, it results to a lower individual work performance among
the employees. The absence of these factors results into a higher individual work performance.
c. Motivational factors like Recognition, Role Clarity, Training and Development. and Engagement are
are neglected by the company, it result into a lower individual work performance of employees.

d. Motivational factors like Recognition, Role Clarity, Training and Development. and Engagement,
whether present or not in an organization, or being taken care or not by the management, does not
affect the individual work performance of the employees.

A researcher wants to determine the effect of hygiene factors (Management Leadership, Working
Condition, Salary and Organizational Justice) and motivational factors (Recognition, Role Clarity, Training
and Development, and Engagement) on employee performance. The researcher gathered data from 90
respondents among selected firms in Muntinlupa City. The researcher arrived with the following table.

Table 6

Unstandardized Standardized t Sig.

Coefficients Coefficient Beta
B
(Constant) 1.72 1.97 0.0524
Management 0.40 0.29 0.04 0.6697
Working 0.94 0.62 0.79 0.3364
Conditions
Salary 0.75 0.75 0.79 0.4342
Organizational 0.60 0.47 0.62 0.5384
Structure
Hygiene Factors 2.47 1.63 0.66 0.5112
Recognition 0.78 0.66 2.82 0.0416
Role Clarity 1.22 0.96 3.22 0.0227
 Training & 1.39 1.11 3.36 0.0177
Development
Engagement 1.07 0.97 2.12 0.0269
Motivators 5.29 3.39 3.36 0.0179
Dependent Variable: Employee Performance
Computed using SPSS. Summarized for ease of reference.

41. Which of the following is the correcy null hypotheses for the problem?

a. There is no significant association between the hygiene factors and employee performance. There is
no significant association between the motivational factors and employee performance.

b. There is no significant difference between the hygiene factors and motivational factors when they are
ranked according to employee performance.

c. There is no significant relationship between the hygiene factors and motivational factors in relation to
the emloyee performance.

d. There is no significant effect of hygiene factors to employee performance. There is no significant

effect of motivational factors to employee performance.

42. Based on Table 6, Which of the following has significant impact on employee performance?

a. Salary

b. Working Condition

c. Role Clarity

d. Management Leadership

43. Based on Table 6, which of the following do not have a significant impact on employee
performance?

a. Salary

b. Training and Development

c. Engagement

d. Recognition

44. Based on Table 6, which of the following is the correct interpretation after performing the test on a
correct null hypothesis on Hygiene Factors and Employee Performance?

a. There is no significant association between hygiene factors and employee performance.

b. There is no significant effect of the hygiene factors on employee performance.

c. There is a significant association between hygiene factors and employee performance.

d. There is a significant effect of the hygiene factors on employee performance.

45. Based on Table 6, which of the following is the correct interpretation after performing the test on a
correct null hypothesis on Motivational Factors and Employee Performance?

a. There is no significant association between motivational factors and employee performance.

b. There is no significant effect of the motivational factors on employee performance.

c. There is a significant association between motivational factors and employee performance.

d. There is a significant effect of the motivational factors on employee performance.

46. Based on Table 6, which of the following is the correct interpretation on the results of Recognition?

a. In every unit increase on Recognition, there is a corresponding increase of 0.78 on employee

performance.

b. In every 0.78 increase on Recognition, there is a corresponding unit increase on employee

performance.

c. In every unit increase on Recognition, there is a corresponding 0.66 increase on employee

performance.

d. In every unit increase on Recognition, there is a corresponding 2.82 increase on employee

performance.

47. Based on Table 6, which of the following is the correct interpretation on the results of Training and
Development?

a. In every unit increase on Training and Development, there is a corresponding increase of 1.39 on
employee performance.

b. In every 1.39 increase in Training and Development, there is a corresponding unit increase on
employee performance.

c. In every unit increase in Training and Development, there is a corresponding 1.11 increase on
employee performance.

d. In every unit increase on Training and Development, there is a corresponding 3.36 increase on
employee performance.
Table 7

Observed versus the Expected Shirts to be sold.

Category Observed Test Proportion Expected Contribution to

Chis-Square
Small 25 0.25 56.25 17.3611
Medium 41 0.25 56.25 4.1344
Large 91 0.25 56.25 21.4678
Extra Large 68 0.25 56.25 2.4544

The owner of a t-shirt shop wants to determine if the number of ordered shirts were equal to the
number of shirts sold. Shirts were groups and counted according to sizes: Small; Medium; Large; and
Extra Large. The results of the statistical treatment are as follows.

48. Which of the following is the correcy null hypotheses for the problem?

a. The number of shirts ordered is the same as the number of shirts sold.

b. The number of shirts orderd per size is the same as the number of shirts sold per size.

c. There is no significant difference between the observed frequencies and the expected frequencies.

d. There is no significant difference between the number of shirts sold and the number of shirts ordered.

49. Which statistical treatment did the researcher used to determine if the orderd shirts and the sold
shirts are equal?

a. Chi-Square Test

b. Chi-Square Test for Goodness-of-Fit

c. Chi-Square Test for Association

d. Chi-Square Test for Indpendence

Table 8

Result of the Chi-Square Test

N DF Chi-Sq P-value
225 3 45.4178 0.000

50. Based on Table 8, which of the following is the correct interpretation of the results?

a. There is no significant difference between the number of shirts ordered per size and the number of
shirts sold per size.

b. There is a significant difference between the number of shirts ordered per size and the number of
shirts sold per size.

c. There is no significant difference between the number of shirts ordered and the number of shirts sold.

d. There is a significant difference between the number of shirts ordered and the number of shirts sold.