Earthquake is a

vibration of the Earth

produced by the rapid
release of energy.
An epicenter is a point
in the Earth’s surface
directly above the
focus.
Seismogram-record made
by a seismograph.
Seismograph-device used
to record earthquake
waves.
Seismology-the
science or study of
earthquakes and their
phenomena.
Seismologist-is a
scientist who does
research in seismology.
Seismic waves
-vibrations that occur
inside the Earth (along
fault lines) which is cause
by the breakage of rocks.
Surface waves
can only travel
through the surface
of the Earth.
Two types of surface
waves:
-the Love waves
-the Rayleigh waves
Love wave
-named after A.E.H.
Love, a British
mathematician
-faster than Rayleigh
wave
-moves the ground in a
side-to-side horizontal
motion, like that of a
snake’s causing the
ground to twist.
-most damaging type
Rayleigh wave
-named after John
William Strutt, Lord
Rayleigh
-rolls along the
ground just like a
wave rolls across a
lake or an ocean.
-Most of the shaking
felt from an earthquake
is due to the Rayleigh
wave.
Body waves can
travel through the
Earth’s inner layers.
The two types of body
waves:
-P-waves (primary
waves) and the
-S-waves (secondary)
P-wave (primary wave)
-travels quickly through
the Earth and through
liquids.
-travels faster than the
S-wave.
-also called
compressional waves
-travel through solids,
liquids and gases.
The S-wave
(secondary wave)
-travels slower than a
P-wave through Earth
and solids.
-can travel through
solids only
-transverse waves