MADE BY:

WHAT IS EARTHQUAKE?
- Is sudden release of energy that cause destruction, as a
result of movements within the earth’s crust or
volcanic action that creates seismic wave.
EPICENTER
 An earthquake is the location directly above the
hypocenter on the surface of the earth
HYPOCENTER
 The location beneath the earth’s surface of the earth
where the rupture of the fault begins
 another term for ground zero
MAGNITUDE
 Measure of the earthquake size
INTENSITY
 The level of how strong earthquake is.
 Earthquake can cause tsunami and tidal wave
TIDAL WAVE
 an exceptionally large ocean wave, especially one
caused by an underwater earthquake or volcanic
eruption
TSUNAMI
 Tsunami are defined as extremely large ocean waves
triggered by underwater earthquakes, volcanic
activities, or landslides
WHAT ARE SEISMIC WAVES?
 Seismic waves are the waves of energy caused by the
sudden breaking of rock within the earth.
 Seismic waves has two kinds.
Two kinds of Seismic waves
 BODY waves – Travelling through the interior of the
earth, body waves arrive before the surface waves
emitted by an earhquake
 Two types of particles motion result in two types of
body waves: Primary and Secondary waves.
 Primary wave – the fastest kind seismic waves, and
consequently, the first to arrive at a seismic station. P
wave can move through solid rock and fluids, like
water or the liquid layers of the earth
 Secondary wave – which is the second wave you feel in
an earthquake. S wave is slower P wave and can only
move through solid rock, not through any liquid
medium.
 Surface waves
 Surface Waves – Travelling through the crust, surface
waves are of a lower frequency than body waves, and
are easily distinguished on a seismogram as a result .
Surface waves that are almost entirely responsible for
the damage and destruction
 Surface has two kinds.
Two kinds of Surface waves
 Love waves – It’s the fastest surface wave and moves
the ground from side-to-side. Love wave produce
entirely horizontal motion.
 Rayleigh wave – A Rayleigh wave rolls along the
ground up and down, side-to-side in the same
direction that the wave is moving. Most of the shaking
felt from an earthquake is due to the Rayleigh wave,
which can be much larger than the other waves