Earthquake

Presented by
Geb Pañares
Kate Tan
Sheena Nicole Tahud
What is Earthquake?
 Types of Seismic aves
There are three basic types of seismic waves P-waves, S-waves and
surface waves. P-waves and S-waves are sometimes collectively called
body waves

P waves:P waves travel faster than other seismic waves and hence are
the first signal from an earthquake to arrive at any affected location or at
a seismograph.P waves may be transmitted through gases, liquids, or
solids.
S-waves:An S wave, or shear wave, is a seismic body wave that shakes
the ground back and forth perpendicular to the direction the wave is
moving.
Surface(Rayleigh) waves: A surface wave is a seismic wave that is
trapped near the surface of the earth. There are 2 other types of surface
waves
 Types of Surface waves
The two main types of surface waves are Love waves and
Rayleigh waves. Love waves are faster and have a larger
amplitude compared to Rayleigh waves. They tend to arrive first
during an earthquake due to their speed. These waves can cause a
lot of damage.
Love waves:Love waves are transverse and restricted to
horizontal movement - they are recorded only on seismometers
that measure the horizontal ground motion. Another important
characteristic of Love waves is that the amplitude of ground
vibration caused by a Love wave decreases with depth - they're
surface waves.
Rayleigh waves:Rayleigh waves are a type of surface acoustic
wave that travel along the surface of solids. They can be
produced in materials in many ways, such as by a localized
impact or by piezo-electric transduction, and are frequently used
in non-destructive testing for detecting defects
Effects of Earfquakes
The effects from earthquakes include ground
shaking, surface faulting, ground failure, and
less commonly, tsunamis. Earthquakes can
cause electricity poles to fall and live wires to
become exposed or to start fires. Ruptured gas
lines and spillage of flammable substances.
Earthquake-generated fires are one of the most
dangerous secondary hazards. These can cause
further destruction after a major earthquake.
Quiz!
• Questions:
• 1.What waves travel faster than the other seismic waves?
• 2.what waves shakes the ground back and forth perpendicular to the direction the wave is moving?
• 3. What wave is trapped near the surface of the earth?
• 4.which wave have rock particle motions?
• 5.what type of surface wave is shear waves trapped near the surface?
• 6-10. Give 5 examples of effects of earfquakes
• Pass to Kate Tan your notebooks when done
Thank you!