SEISMIC WAVES:

Waves of energy that travel through

the Earth's layers, and are a result
of earthquakes, volcanic eruptions,
magma movement, large landslides and
large man-made explosions that give
out low-frequency acoustic energy.
Mechanical vibrations that occur inside
the earth (along fault lines) which is
caused by the breakage of rocks
MAIN TYPES OF SEISMIC WAVES:

•Body Waves
•Surface Waves
•Body Waves
-travels through the interior of the
earth.
- energy that is actually being
transferred through a body.
- fastest moving waves.
•Surface Waves
- travel across the surface.
- particle motion of surface waves is
larger than that of body waves, so surface
waves tend to cause more damage.
SUBTYPES OF BODY WAVES:

•P-Wave (Primary Wave)

•S- Wave (Secondary Wave)
P-WAVE
- It can travel through air, liquid, and, solid. It can travel
at nearly twice the speed of S waves.
- The fastest kind of seismic wave.
-P-waves also known as compressional waves that
are longitudinal in nature. Its particles move in the same
direction that the wave is moving in, which is the
direction that the energy is traveling in, and is sometimes
called the 'direction of wave propagation'.
S-WAVE
- It can only travel through solid.
- It moves slower than the P-waves.
- S-waves are shear waves that are transverse in nature.
Following an earthquake event, S-waves arrive at
seismograph stations after the faster-moving P-waves
and displace the ground perpendicular to the direction
of propagation.
SUBTYPES OF SURFACE WAVES:

•Love Wave
•Surface Wave
LOVE WAVE
• It was named after A.E.H. Love, a British mathematician who
worked out the mathematical model for this kind of wave in
1911.
• It causes the rocks they pass through to change in shape.
• It's the fastest surface wave and moves the ground from side-
to-side.
• Confined to the surface of the crust, Love waves produce
entirely horizontal motion.
• Cause the most damage from earthquake
RAYLEIGH WAVE
- It was named for John William Strutt, Lord Rayleigh, who
mathematically predicted the existence of this kind of wave in
1885.
- It is also called ground roll, surface waves that travel as ripples
with motions that are similar to those of waves on the surface of
water.
- It moves the ground up and down, and side-to-side in the same
direction that the wave is moving.
- Most of the shaking felt from an earthquake is due to the
Rayleigh wave, which can be much larger than the other waves.
S-WAVE (TRANSVERSE WAVE)
P-WAVE
(COMPRESSIONAL/LONGITUDINAL)
RAYLEIGH WAVE
LOVE WAVE