Vectors

Basic Level Questions

1. | A ´ B| = 3 ( A. B ) 11. A+ B = A 2 + B 2 + 2 AB cos q

Þ AB sin q = 3 ( AB cos q)
13 = 12 2 + 52 + 2 ´ 12 ´ 5 cos q
Þ tan q = 3
Þ 169 = 144 + 25 + 120 cos q
Þ q = 60° Þ 120 cos q = 0
Þ q = 90°
Now | A + B| = A2 + B 2 + 2 AB cos q
12. | A + B| = | A - B|
= 2 2
A + B + 2 AB cos 60° ur ur ur ur
=| A + B |2 = | A - B |2
= A 2 + B 2 + AB Þ A 2 + B 2 + 2 AB cos q = A 2 + B 2 - 2 AB cos q
2. A physical quantity which has only magnitude is a scalar. Þ 4ABcosq = 0
A physical quantity which has both magnitude and direction Þ q = 90°
and follows vector law of addition is a vector.
13. A+ B = C
A physical quantity which has both magnitude and direction
but does not follow vector law of addition is a tensor. Squaring both sides

3. A. B = AB cos q Þ A2 + B 2 + 2 A. B = C 2

1 Þ C 2 + 2 AB cos q = C 2
=3×5×
2
Þ cos q = 0
= 7.5
4. (4) Þ q = 90°
5. Two collinear vectors with opposite directions.

q
A C

C B 14.
6.
B
C 3
A cos q = =
A 5
r r r FG 3IJ
| C | =| A + B | A+B+C=0 Þ q = cos-1
H 5K
7. Factual
15. A. B =| A ´ B|
8. Factual
9. Factual Þ AB cos q = AB sin q
10. Rmax = F1 + F2 = 10 + 6 = 16 N Þ tan q = 1
and Rmin = F1 - F2 = 10 - 6 = 4 N Þ q= p/4

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 Physics Solutions (XI) Ve cto rs

16. 10 dyne 21. Let P is the minimum force then 16 – P is the other force and
they are as shown.
60° 10 dyne 8
cos q =
120° 16 - P

(16 - P)
and = P as resultant is ^)
Vectors should be co­initial sin q
(Having the same starting point) Now sin2 q + cos2 q = 1 P
The angle between 2 forces
= 180 – 60° FG 8 IJ + FG P IJ 2 2

= 120°
Þ
H 16 - P K H 16 - P K =1
16 - P q
8

\ resultant = 10 2 + 102 + 2 ´ 10 ´ 10 cos 120° Þ 64 + P 2 = (16 - P ) 2

FG 1 IJ 64 + P2 = 256 + P2 – 32P P
200 + 200 ´ -
H 2K
Þ 32 P = 192 Þ P=6
= 100
= 10 N \ 16 - P = 10N
17. P= P 2 + P 2 + 2 P. P.cos q
12 | Q| R
22. cos q = =
2
= 2 P + 2 P cos q 2
| R| 13 q
Q
æ 12 ö
P = 2 P ( 1 + cos q ) Þ q = cos -1 ç ÷
è 13 ø
1
Þ = 1 + cos q
2 P
1
Þ cos q = - ® ® ®
2 23. v = w´ r
\ q = 120°
i$ $j k$
18. L=r´ p 3 -4 1
=
i$ j$ k$ 5 -6 6

i$ = [ -24 + 6] - j$[18 - 5] + k$[ -18 + 20]

=2 1 1
2 -3 1
= -18i$ - 13 $j + 2 k$
= i$ [1 + 3] - $j [2 - 2] + k$ [ -6 - 2]
24. (3)
= 4i$ - 8k$
19. t=r´F A. B (i$ + $j + k$ ). (i$ )
25. cos = =
i$ $j k$ | A| | B| ( 12 + 12 + 12 ) ( 12 )
= 7 3 1 1
=
-3 1 5 3

= i$ [15 - 1] - $j [35 + 3] + k$ [7 + 9] q = cos -1

FG 1 IJ
= 14i$ - 38 j$ + 16k$
H 3K
26. If P and Q are adjacent sides of a parallelogram then P + Q
A. B 2 ( -3) + 1( 6)
20. cos q = r = and P - Q represent two diagonals of a parallelogram.
| A|| B| 2 2 + 32 + 12 ( ( -3) 2 + 6 2
=0 So, angle between P + Q and P - Q can be any between 0°
Þ q = 90° and 180°.

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 Physics Solutions (XI) Ve cto rs

27. V 32. If A + B is a unit vector along x­axis, it means

N ur ur
A + B = iˆ
Which is possible in second case
V
Þ (i$ - $j + k$) + ( $j - k$)
W E
= i$
33. ( A + B) ´ ( A - B)

S | A + B| | A - B| sin q n$
DV = change in velocity = V f - Vi 34. A´ B = 0 A. B = - AB
= -30iˆ - 30 ˆj Þ AB sin q = 0 Þ AB cos q = - AB
ur
| DV |= (-30) 2 + (-30) 2 Þ sin q = 0 Þ cos q = - 1

= 30 2 south­west Þ q = 0 or q = p Þ q = p but q ¹ 0
28. A. B = AB \ q=p
Þ AB cos q = AB 35. A ´ B is perpendicular to plane containing A and B in
Þ cos q = 1 upward direction, and

Þ q = 0°
B
ur ur
29. | A ´ B | = AB
Þ AB sin q = AB

Þ sin q = 1 A

Þ q = p/2 B ´ A is perpendicular to plane containing A and B in

downward direction.
30. A. B = | A ´ B|
[Directions given according to the Right hand rule]
Þ AB cos q = AB sin q \ angle = 90° + 90° = 180°
sin q Vector
Þ =1
cos q 36. Unit vector =
Magnitude of vector
Þ tan q = 1
i$ + $j i$ + $j
\ unit vector of i$ + $j = =
Þ q = 45° 12 + 12 2

31. A+ B = C 37. A ´ B will be perpendicular to plane containing A and B .

r r r r
Þ ( A + B ) 2 = (C) 2 A + B will be in same plane containing A and B
So ( A ´ B ) is perpendicular to A + B.
Þ A 2 + B 2 + 2 AB cos q = C 2
B sin q
Þ A 2 + A2 + 2 A2 cos q = A 2 (Q A = B = C) 38. tan a =
A + B cos q
B sin q
Þ 2 A2 (1 + cos q) = A 2 tan 90° =
A + B cos q
1
Þ 1 + cos q = Þ A + B cos q = 0
2
1 -A
Þ cos q = - Þ cos q =
2 B
FG A IJ
\ q=p-
p
3
= 2p / 3 Þ q = cos-1 -
H BK
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 Physics Solutions (XI) Ve cto rs

1 44. Sum, S = (4i$ + 7 $j ) + ( 2i$ + 3 $j )

39. Area of parallelogram = (| d1 ´ d 2 |)
2
= 6i$ + 10 $j
i$ j$ k$
Now |d1 ´ d 2 | = 5 -4 3 | S | = 62 + 102 = 136
3 2 -1
45. ( a + b) ´ ( a - b)
= i$(4 - 6) - $j (-5 - 9) + k$ (10 + 12)
r
= ( a ´ a ) - ( a ´ b) + (b ´ a ) - (b ´ b )
= 2i$ + 14 $j + 22 k$
= 0 - [ - (b ´ a )] + (b ´ a ) - 0
| d1 ´ d 2 | = ( -2) 2 + (14) 2 + (22) 2

= 4 + 196 + 484 = 2(b ´ a )

= 684 = 2 171
46. A . B = AB cos q
1
\ Area = ´ 2 ´ 171 = 171 units q = 90°
2
40. Y Þ A. B = 0
P
30°

Q 47. W=0
120°
X Þ F. s = 0

Þ (6i$ + 2 $j - 3k$) . (2i$ - 3 $j - xk$) = 0

Angle between P and Q = 0 Þ 6(2) + 2(–3) + (–3) (–x) = 0

Þ 12 – 6 + 3x = 0
\ Resultant, R = 2 2
P + Q + 2 PQ cos 0° Þ 3x = –6
Þ x = –2
= P 2 + Q 2 + 2 PQ ur r
=P+Q 48. P = F .v

41. R= A 2 + B 2 + 2 AB cos q = (20i$ - 3 j$ + 5k$) . (6i$ + 20 $j - 3k$)

= 20(6) + (–3) (20) + (5) (–3)
1 = 1 + 1 + 2 cos q
= 120 – 60 – 15
1 = 2 + 2 cos q = 45 W
1 49. W = F.s
Þ cos q = -
2
( 3i$ + 4 j$ ) . ( 3i$ + 4 j$ )
p 2p
Þ q=p- = = 120° = 9 + 16
3 3
= 25 J
42. Q ´ P will be perpendicular to plane containing Q and P
q
\ P.( Q ´ P ) = | P|| Q ´ P| cos q = 0 and q = 90° 50. R = 2 P cos (when P = Q)
2
1 Given R = P
43. Area = | d1 ´ d 2 |
2
q
Þ P = 2 P cos
1 4 2
= |2i$ ´ 2 $j | = |i$ ´ $j |
2 2
q 1
Þ cos = = cos 60°
= 2 | k$| 2 2

= 2 (1) = 2 \ q = 120°
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 Physics Solutions (XI) Ve cto rs

51. P. Q = 0 58. ( A + B) . ( A - B) = 0

Þ a (a ) + a (-2) + 3( -1) = 0 Þ ( A) 2 - A. B + B. A( B ) 2 = 0

Þ a 2 - 2a - 3 = 0 Þ A2 - A. B + A. B - B 2 = 0
Þ (a - 3) (a + 1) = 0
Þ A2 - B 2 = 0
Þ a = +3, a = -1
Þ A2 = B 2
52. k$ and - k$ are perpendicular vector to a
Þ A=B
i$ and $j are perpendicular unit vector to b 59. ( B ´ A) is perpendicular to plane containing B and A .
So answer is 2.
\ ( B ´ A). A = ( B ´ A) A cos 90° = 0
So two vectors are perpendicular each to a and b.
60. R = 6i$ + 7 $j + 3i$ + 4 $j
53. ( A + B ) . ( A - B) = 0
= 9i$ + 11 $j
2 2
Þ | A| - | B| = 0
| R| = 9 2 + 112 = 202
2 2
Þ | A| = | B|
61. A ´ B = AB sin q
Þ | A| = | B| r r
When q = 0 Þ A´B=0
54. P =a +b+c
62. A + B = 5i$ - 4 $j + 3k$
= ( 4i$ - $j ) + ( -3i$ + 2 $j ) + ( - k$ )
X axis means i$
P = i$ + $j - k$
(5i$ - 4 $j + 3k$ ) . (i$ )
\ angle, cos q =
| P| = (1) 2 + (1) 2 + ( -1) 2 = 3 52 + ( -4) 2 + 32 . 12

5
P 1
(i$ + $j - k$ )
=
\ n$ = = 50
| P| 3
FG 5 IJ
55. 2( -4) + 3( +4) + 8(a) = 0 \ q = cos-1
H 50 K
Þ - 8 + 12 + 8a = 0
63. Area = A ´ B = AB sin q
-1
Þ a= 1
2 Given area = AB
2
56. A. B = 0 1
\ sin q =
Þ 2(1) + 3(2) + 4( -n) = 0 2
Þ 2 + 6 - 4n = 0 \ q = 30°

Þ 4n = 8 64. Direction is given by Right hand rule. Curl right hand fingers
from A ato B. Thumb gives direction of A ´ B.
Þ n=2
a -2 1
65. = =
57. ( Fnet ) max =| P + Q| = 5 + 12 = 17 N 3 b -1

( Fnet ) min =| P - Q| = |5 - 12| = 7 N \ a = -3 and b = 2

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 Physics Solutions (XI) Ve cto rs

R 1
66. cos 60° = Þ cos q =
Q 2

1 10 Q 10 kg Wt = R \ q = 45°
Þ =

60°
2 Q
74. | B| = 32 + 62 + 2 2 = 7
Þ Q = 20 kg wt
P A i$ + 2 $j + 2 k$
r Unit vector in direction of A = =
67. F is in x­y plane other will be ^ to x­y plane. | A| 12 + 2 2 + 2 2
68. R= A2 + B 2 + 2 AB cos q i$ + 2 $j + 2 k$
=
3
Þ 3 = 7 2 + 4 2 + 2( 7 ) ( 4 ) cos q 7 $
\ required vector = (i + 2 $j + 2 k$ )
3
Þ 9 = 49 + 16 + 56 cos q
75. Component of a vector can be less than, more than or equal
Þ cos q = -1 Þ q = p to its magnitude.
r r r r r r
| A ´ B| = AB sin q = 7 ( 4) sin p = 0 76. d1 = A + B = 7iˆ + 7 ˆj , d 2 = A - B = - iˆ + ˆj
r r
B sin q d1 .d 2 = 7(-1) + 7(1) = 0
69. tan a =
A + B cos q r r
Þ d1 ^ d 2
q B sin q
Þ tan = 77. | A ´ B| = 0
2 A + B cos q
Þ AB sin q = 0
q q q
sin 2 B sin cos
2 = 2 2 Þ either A = 0 or B = 0 or sin q = 0
Þ
q LM
q q OP
cos
2 2N
A + B cos2 - sin 2
2 Q Þ q = 0° or 180°

q q q 78. C= A´B
Þ 2 B cos2 = A + B cos2 - B sin 2
2 2 2
L
B Mcos
q q OP Þ C will make angle of 90° with plane containing A

N Q
Þ 2 + sin 2 =A
2 2 and B.
Þ B= A
i$ $j k$
70. ( 0.5) 2 + ( 0.8) 2 + ( c) 2 = (1) 2 = -26 k$
C = -4 3 0
= 26( - k$ )
Þ 0.25 + 0.64 + c 2 = 1 2 5 0

Þ c 2 = 1 - 0.89 Þ C will make angle of 180° with k$ or Z­axis.

Þ c = 0.11 79. Z axis = k$

71. P ´ Q will result in a vector perpendicular to plane containing = (2i$ + 7 k$). k$

\ projection =7
P and Q. ( 1)
80. S1 = 4i$
72. For A and B to be perpendicular.. uur
S2 = 3 ˆj
A .B = 0 S1 + S 2 4i$ + 3 $j
Vav = =
t 2
73. ( 10 ) 2 = (2) 2 + ( 2 ) 2 + 2(2) ( 2 ) cos q
1 5
|Vav | = 4 2 + 32 = = 2.5 m / s
Þ 10 = 4 + 2 + 4 2 cos q 2 2

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 Physics Solutions (XI) Ve cto rs

81. | A ´ B| = A . B 82. Pˆ ´ Qˆ is perpendicular to plane containing Pˆ and Qˆ , hence

Þ AB sin q = AB cos q angle is 90°.
Þ tan q = 1 ur ur q
83. | P + Q | = 2 P cos
Þ q = 45° 2
q
\ | A + B| = A2 + B 2 + 2 AB cos 45° | Pˆ + Qˆ | = 2 cos
2
= A 2 + B 2 + 2 AB \ P + Q ¹ P$ + Q$

Advance Level Questions

( a . b) a DV V f - Vi
1. Component of b along a is given by Average acceleration = =
a2 Dt t
[( 3i$ + 4 $j ) . (i$ + $j )] (i$ + $j ) 5 $j - 5i$ 1 $ $
\ component = = = (j -i)
( 12 + 12 ) 2 10 2
7 $ $ (1) 2 + ( -1) 2 1
= (i + j ) =
2 Magnitude =
2 2
[( 3i$ + 4 $j ) . (i$ + $j )] (i$ + $j )
2. Parallel component, b|| = Direction = North­west
( 12 + 12 ) 2
=
7 $ $
(i + j )
5. ( A + B ) 2 = (C) 2
2
Now, b ^ + b || = b Þ A2 + B 2 + 2 A. B = C 2

Þ b ^ = b - b|| Þ A 2 + B 2 + 2 AB cos q = C 2 ... (i)

7 $ $
\ perpendicular component, b ^ = (3i$ + 4 $j ) - (i + j )
2 ( A + B ) 2 = (C) 2
FG IJ FG
7 $ 7 $ IJ
= 3- H 2 K H
i + 4-
2
j
K Þ A 2 + B 2 + 2 AB = C 2 .... (ii)

-i$ $j Comparing (1) and (2)

= +
2 2 Þ cosq = 1
1
= ( j$ - i$) Þ q = 0°
2
3. Whatever may be the direction of three forces there will be
some net force in some direction. So there will be acceleration 6. C is in plane of A´ B , hence option (4) is incorrect.
as F3 ¹ F1 + F2 7. | A + B| = | A - B|
4. For direction solve by using parallelogram law of vector
addition. Þ | A + B|2 = | A - B|2
N
a
Þ A 2 + B 2 + 2 A . B = A 2 + B 2 - 2 A. B

Þ 4 A .B = 0
W E
Þ A is ^ to B

Also there is a possibility that | A| is a null vector or B is a

S null vector.

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 Physics Solutions (XI) Ve cto rs

11. A´ B=0 Þ A^ B
8. R= P 2 + Q 2 + 2 PQ cos q
B´C=0 Þ B^C
Þ A 2 + B 2 = ( A + B ) 2 + ( A - B ) 2 + 2( A + B ) ( A - B ) cos q
\ A and C are either parallel or antiparallel. So angle between
A and C is either zero or 180°.
Þ A 2 + B 2 = 2 A2 + 2 B 2 + 2( A 2 - B 2 ) cos q
12. (1) AB$ = BA$
2 2 2 2
Þ 2( A - B ) cos q = - ( A + B )
Þ A(1) = B (1)

- ( A2 + B 2 ) Þ A=B
Þ cos q =
2 ( A2 - B 2 )
(2) A$ = B$ = 1

Þ cos q =
A2 + B 2 (3) AB$ = BA$
2 ( B 2 - A2 )
A. $ B $
Þ B = .A
F A +B I
2 2 A$ B$
Þ q = cos -1 GH 2( B - A ) JK
2 2 Þ A.( B$ ) 2 = B( A$ ) 2

9. Þ A.(1) 2 = B (1) 2
R
B Þ A=B
(4) A. B = ( A$ . A) . ( B$ . B )
°
45
45° = ( A$ . B$ ) AB
A
So 4th is wrong.
y axis means $j
2 2
R= A + B + 2 AB cos q 13.

= A 2 + B 2 + 2 AB cos 90° a. b (3i$ + 4 k$). $j

\ projection = = =0
a 1
= A2 + B 2
A .B
14. Projection of A on B = A cos q = = A. B$
10. If A + B + C = 0 B

Then A, B and C can be considered as thee sides of a triangle 15. (4)

taken in same order. 16. (1)
P 17.
b
C B
A C
a
Q R A
B
a < b if side opposite to a < side opposite to b
PQ + QR + RP = 0 Þ B<A
Þ PQ + QR = - RP 18. (4)

Þ QR = - RQ & PR = - RP 19. | A ´ B| = | A| | B| sin q n$ –A

Þ PQ - RQ = PR -B = AB sin q R
Þ PQ + QR = PR A
As maximum value of sin q is 1 B
| A|

C
r r r q
-|

So | A ´ B| can’t be > AB.

B|

| A + B| = |C |
+B a = 90° A

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 Physics Solutions (XI) Vectors
20. N 26. r = r2 – r1
| r1 | = r

W E |r2 | = r
Snet

S
S1  30 j r  r2  r1  r 2  r 2  2r 2 cos   2r 2 (1  cos )

S2  20i

 2r 2 (1  (1  2 sin 2 ))
S3  30 2 cos 45 (iˆ)  30 2 sin 45 ( ˆj ) 2

 30i  30 j  
 2r 2  2 sin 2  4r 2 sin 2
2 2
 Snet = S1  S2  S3  10i

21. Let a  b  x  2r sin
2
 27. Same as Q. 26.
Then R  2 x cos  
2 28. When A  B  x (say)
cos  
 1  2(1)   60
2 2 
| A  B|  2 x cos
   120 2

FG  IJ  2(1) sin 60  | A  B|  2 x sin


| a  b|  R   2 x sin
H 2K 3 2

( A  B ) ( A  B) A2  B 2
22. |  A|  | A| cos   
| A  B| | A  B|  
4 x 2 sin cos
2 2
is possible only when angle between |  A| and A is zero.
as A = B
  
23.  A  ( A)  ( A)  cos   0
 2 A    90

| A| | A|  | A|  0 29. A B  R
24.
 A RB
B B
C C
Also ( A  2 B ) . A  0
120° 120°

A A  ( R  B  2 B) . ( R  B )  0
 
Angle between A and C will be 120°.
 ( R  B) . ( R  B)  0
25. R1  A  B It is possible if either they are perpendicular or

 R1  A2  B 2  2 AB cos  If R  B  0 or

R2  A  B If R  B  0

 R2  A2  B 2  2 AB cos   R  B or R   B

 R12  R22  2( A2  B 2 ) In both cases, | R|  | B|

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 Physics Solutions (XI) Ve cto rs
r r r 36. v1 = wl
30. a+x =b

Þ x=b-a ... (i) l q

l v2 = wl
x
Also a + = c
2 x
a c
(b - a )
Þ a+ =c uur ur
2 q
v2 - v1 = 2wl sin
Þ a + b = 2c b 2
q
31. cos2 a + cos2 b + cos2 g = 1 = 2v sin
2
(1 - sin 2 a ) + (1 - sin 2 b) + (1 - sin2 g ) = 1 12
37. cos q =
18 - P
Þ 3 - (sin2 a + sin 2 b + sin2 g ) = 1
P P
Þ sin2 a + sin2 b + sin2 g = 3 - 1 = 2 sin q =
18 - P
32. P =| F1 + F2 | = F12 + F22 + 2 F1 F2 cos q sin2 q + cos2 q = 1 12
18 – P
q
Q =| F1 - F2 | = F12 + F22 - 2 F1 F2 cos q P 2 + (12) 2
Þ =1 P
\ P 2 + Q2 = 2 ( F12 + F22 ) (18 - P ) 2
33. Þ P 2 + 144 = 324 + P 2 - 36 P
C B B
C Þ 36 P = 180
q1 Þ P = 5N
A q2 A
\ 18 - P = 18 - 5
q1 = 60° q2 = p – 60° = 13 N
(as A = B = C) = 180 – 60°
= 120° 38. P = 7i$ + 6 $j
q2 = 2q1
P + Q = 11i$ + 9 $j
q
Þ q1 = 2
2 \ Q= P+Q- P
34. A ´ B =| A || B| sin q n$ = 4i$ + 3 $j
A´ B A B
n$ = Now A$ = and B$ = \ | Q| = 4 2 + 32 = 5
AB sin q A B
A. A$ ´ B. B$ 39. Da = a 2 + a 2 - 2a 2 cos q
Þ n$ =
AB sin q
Da
A$ ´ B$ = 2 a 1 - cos q
Þ n$ =
sin q
FG q IJ a a
35. | A + B| = | A| - | B|
= 2a
H 2 sin
2 K q

Þ A2 + B 2 + 2 AB cos q = A - B q
= 2a sin
Squaring both sides 2

Þ A 2 + B 2 + 2 AB cos q = A2 + B 2 - 2 AB 40. d1 = a + b
Þ 2 AB (cos + 1) = 0
d2 = a - b
Þ cos q = -1
Þ q=p d12 + d 22 = ( a + b) 2 + ( a - b) 2

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 Physics Solutions (XI) Ve cto rs

a 2 + b 2 + 2ab + a 2 + b2 - 2ab = i$ [6 - 6] - $j [3 + 3] + k$ [ -2 - 2]

= 2( a 2 + b 2 ) = 6 j$ - 4 k$

d12 + d22 | AB ´ BC| = ( -6) 2 + ( -4) 2 = 52 = 2 13

\ a2 + b2 =
2
1
\ area = ´ 2 13 = 13
41. P+Q = P 2 + Q 2 + 2 PQ cos q 2

When | P| = | Q| 47. A. B = 0 Þ A ^ B

q q A. C = 0 Þ A ^ C
| P + Q| = 2 P cos and | P - Q| = 2 P sin
2 2
So A is perpendicular to plane containing B and C .
Here P and Q determine two sides of a square and P + Q
r r
and P - Q determine diagonals of square. So angle between B ´ C is also perpendicular to plane containing B and C .

P + Q and P - Q is 90°. So A is parallel to B ´ C

42. (I) a. b = a. c 48. Fnet = 0
Þ ab cos q1 = ac cos q 2 \ acceleration = 0
r
As q1 ¹ q2 (As no relation given about angle between So v will remain unchanged.
vectors)
r 1
So b ¹ c 49. A= [cos qi$ + sin q$j ]
2
(II) a ´ b = 0 Þ a is perpendicular to b
ur 1 1
a ´ c = 0 Þ a is perpendicular to c | A|= cos 2 + sin 2 q =
2 2
So b is not perpendicular to c .
ur
43. P + Q = 17 ... (i) A
\ nˆ = ur = cos q (iˆ) + sin q ( ˆj )
| A|
P-Q= 7 ... (ii)
ur
50. v1 = 20 ˆj
R= P 2 + Q 2 (Q q = 90° )
uur N
(i) + (ii) Þ 2 P = 24 Þ P = 12 v2 = 20(-iˆ)
uur uur ur
\ Q = 17 - 12 = 5 Dv = v2 - v1 = -20iˆ - 20 ˆj
W E
\ R = (12) 2 + (5) 2 = 13 uur
| Dv | = ( -20) 2 + ( -20) 2 = 20 2 q
44. Can’t be zero.
Dv
45. Can be zero. tan q = 1 Þ q = 45° S
1
46. Area = | AB ´ BC | 51. P 2 + R 2 = Q2
2
AB = ( 2i$ + j$ - k$ ) - (i$ - $j + 2 k$ ) P
Þ P 2 + (2 P ) 2 = (8) 2
= i$ + 2 $j - 3k$
Þ 5 P 2 = 82
BC = ( 3i$ - $j + 2 k$ ) - ( 2i$ + $j - k$ ) A 8=Q R=2P

= i$ - 2 $j + 3k$ i$ $j k$ Þ P2 =
82
\ AB ´ BC = 1 2 -3 5
8 P
1 -2 3 \ P=
B C 5

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 Physics Solutions (XI) Ve cto rs
ur
52. v1 = 5iˆ 57. Direction of B ´ A is vertically upwards. (Give by Right
uur N hand rule).
v2 = 5 ˆj aav N
uur ur A B
| v2 - v1 | | 5 ˆj - 5iˆ | q
aav = = W E
t 10 W E
5 2 1
= =
10 2 S
S
5 58. A. B = 0
tan q = = 1 Þ q = 45°
5
59. Smax £ Sum of all other S
53. r = ( a cos wt ) i$ + ( a sin wt ) $j A. B
60. Component = A cos q =
r B
r dr ur¢
v= = -w a sin wt iˆ + w a cos wt ˆj 61. A = (1) cos 45° ( +iˆ ) + 1 sin (45°) ( + ˆj )
dt
rr i$ $j 1 $ $
r.v = -w a2 sin wt cos wt + w a2 sin wt cos wt = 0 =
2
+
2
=
2
(i + j )
r
\ r is perpendicular to v. 62. P = F1 + F2 and Q = F1 - F2

P 2 + Q 2 = ( F1 + F2 ) 2 + ( F1 - F2 ) 2
54. S1 = 15( 2 )i$ = 30i$

S 2 = 5(8) $j = 40 $j = F12 + F22 + 2 F1 F2 cos q + F12 + F22 - 2 F1 F2 cos q

= 2( F12 + F22 )
S + S2 | 30iˆ + 40 ˆj | 302 + 402
vav = 1 = = 63. Fnet = F1 + F2 + F3 + F4
t 2+8 10
= 0i$ + 4 $j + 2 k$
50
=
10
=5m/ s F 4 $j + 2 k$
a= =
55. m m
N
aav As a is in y­z plane and u is zero. So the particle will move in
y­z plane.
64. In parallelogram AQCB, diagonal BQ represent resultant of
W E
BA and BC. A
Q
BQ = BM + MQ
S
ur DABC » DAQC N M
v1 = 10iˆ
uur
v2 = 10 ˆj \ BM = MQ
uur ur
| v2 - v1 | | 10 ˆj - 10iˆ | 10 2 1 \ BQ = 2 BM B L C
aav = = = =
t 20 20 2
65. Fnet = 1 cos 60° (+i$) + 1sin 60° ( $j )
56. S1 = 50i$ N
+ 4 cos 30° (+ $j ) + 4 sin 30° ( -i$)
S3
S2 = 120 $j 45° S2 + 2 cos 30° (- $j ) + 2 sin 30° ( +i$)
W E
i$ 3 $
| S3 | = (50) 2 + (120) 2 S1 = + j + 2 3 $j - 2i$ - 3 $j + i$
2 2
Net displacement = 0
-i$ 3 3 $
So vav = 0 S = + j
2 2
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 Physics Solutions (XI) Ve cto rs
F required to make net force only along y­direction 2 2 2
\ 2AB cos q = A + B – C
+i 1 æ A2 + B 2 - C 2 ö
= = N = 0.5 N
2 2 \ q = cos -1 çç ÷
÷
è 2 AB ø
66. |a$ + b$| = (1) 2 + (1) 2 + 2 (1) (1) cos q
70. OA = rj$
q
= 2 cos r $ r $
2 OB = j+ i
2 2
q
cos £1
2 OC = r i$

\ | a$ + b$| £ 2 R = OA + OB + OC

|a$ - b$| = 2 sin

q LM 1 OPi$ + r LM1 + 1 OP $j
2 = r 1+
N 2Q N 2Q
sin
q
£1 F 1 IJ r
2 G1 +
2 | R| =
H 2K
\ | a$ - b$| £ 2
= r[ 2 + 1]
aˆ × bˆ = 1 ´ 1 cos q 71. (3)
= cos q
72. AD = 2 AO ... (i)
cos q £ 1
In parallelogram AEDB
\ a$.b$ £ 1
AB + AE = AD
67. A
= 2 AO ... (ii)
E D
B R=
A
2
q
O
F C
A
A/2 1
cos q = =
A 2 A B
\ q = 60° In parallelogram AFDC
So required angle = 90 + 60 = 150°
AF + AC = AD = 2 AO ...(iii)
æ 90 ö V = wl
68. D v = 2 w l sin ç ÷ (i) + (ii) + (iii)
è 2 ø
2p 1 AB + AC + AD + AE + AF = 6 AO
=2´ ´ 1´
60 2
73. v1 = Uj Þ S1 = Ut ˆj
V = wl
p 2
= cm / s v2 = 2U (-iˆ) Þ S 2 = 2Ut (-iˆ)
30
r r r
69. A=B-C uuur S + S 2 Ut ˆj + 2Ut ( -iˆ) Ujˆ - 2Uiˆ
r r r vav = 1 = =
A - B = -C t1 + t2 2t 2

A 2 + B 2 - 2 AB cos q = C uuur 1 5
A2 + B2 – 2AB cosq = C2 | vav |= U 2 + (-2U )2 = U
2 2
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 Physics Solutions (XI) Ve cto rs
ur P
74. v1 = 25(+iˆ) 76.
uur x
v2 = 25(-iˆ) 2R

uur ur
uuur v - v -25iˆ - 25iˆ P pR
aav = 2 1 = = -10iˆ
t 5 2 2
Displacement, x = ( pR ) + (2 R)
|aav | = (-10) 2 = 10 m / s2
When R = 1, x = p 2 + 4
ur
75. v1 = 2 g (10) ( - ˆj ) = - 20 g ˆj ur
uur 77. v1 = 10iˆ
v2 = 2 g (2.5) ( + ˆj ) = 5 g ˆj
uur
uur ur v2 = 10(- ˆj ) N
uuur v2 - v1 ( 5 g + 20 g ) ˆj
aav = = uur uur ur
t 0.01 Dv = v2 - v1 = 10 (- ˆj ) - 10iˆ
W E
3 5g $ = -10(i$ + $j ) = 10( -i$ - $j )
= j
0.01
| Dv | = ( -10) 2 + ( -10) 2 DV
S
3 49
| aav | = = 300 ´ 7 = 2100 m / s2
0.01 = 10 2 = 14.14 m/s (SW)

q q q

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