Sample Question Paper 12

Mathematics (Standard )
Class 10th
1. (a) Area of the figure 6. (d) In ∆OAB,
B
= Area of triangle + Area of semi-circle 40°

105°
1 1
= × b1 × h + πb22 O
2 2 P
A
Q

h 5 ∠OAB + ∠ABO + ∠AOB = 180 °

4
[angle sum property of a triangle]
⇒ ∠OAB + 40 ° + 105° = 180 °
O b2
⇒ ∠OAB = 180 ° − 145° = 35°
b1 Now, ∠OAP = 90 °
[since, radius ⊥ tangent at point of contact]
Here, b2 = 52 − 42 = 3 units
∴ ∠BAP = ∠OAP − ∠OAB
[using Pythagoras theorem] = 90 ° − 35° = 55°
Now, b1 = 2 b2 7. (a) Given, pair of linear equations is
∴ b1 = 6 units x + 2y = 5 …(i)
1 1 7 x + 3 y = 13
∴ Area of the figure = × 6 × 4 + × π × 32 and …(ii)
2 2
Here, a1 = 1, b1 = 2 and c1 = − 5
= 12 + 4.5π = 26.14
and a2 = 7, b2 = 3 and c 2 = − 13
= 26 units (approx) a1 1 b1 2
Now, = , =
2. (c) Each student to have same number of pens and a2 7 b2 3
pencils = HCF (1001, 910 ) a1 b1
= HCF (11 × 91, 10 × 91) = 91 ∴ ≠
a2 b2
3. (b) Number of possible outcomes = 52 Thus, it has a unique solution
Number of favourable outcomes i.e. card bears an On solving Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get x = 1and y = 2.
even number in black =10
10 5 8. (c) We have, kx(3x − 4) + 4 = 0
∴ Required probability = =
52 26 ⇒ 3kx 2 − 4kx + 4 = 0
4. (b) Given, tanα = 1and sec β = 2 Since, roots are equal
⇒ α = 45° and β = 45° b2 − 4ac = 0
Therefore, α + β = 45° + 45° = 90 °. ∴ (−4k )2 − 4 (3k )(4) = 0
1 1 ⇒ 16k 2 − 48k = 0
5. (c) cos 2 θ + = cos 2 θ +
1 + cot θ
2
cosec 2θ ⇒ 16k(k − 3) = 0
[Qcosec θ − cot θ = 1]
2 2
⇒ k = 0 or k = 3
= cos 2 θ + sin 2 θ k ≠ 0, since coefficient of x 2 will be zero for k = 0.
=1 [Q cos 2 θ + sin 2 θ = 1] ∴ k=3
 9. (b) Since, given equations have real roots 14. (b) We know that
∴ (k − 4 × 144) ≥ 0
2
Mode = 3 × Median − 2 × Mean
[discriminant, D = b2 − 4ac ] ⇒ 51 = 3 × Median − 2 × 36
and (−12 )2 − 4 × 1 × k ≥ 0
⇒ 3 Median = 51 + 72 = 123
⇒ k 2 − 576 ≥ 0 and 144 − 4k ≥ 0
∴ Median = 41
⇒ k 2 ≥ 576 and 4k ≤ 144
⇒ k ≥ 24 and k ≤ 36
15. (a) Given points are (0, 5) and (− 5, 0).
∴ 24 ≤ k ≤ 36 Let the distance between the points be d.
By distance formula,
10. (a) Since, length of tangents drawn from an external
point to a circle are equal. d = (−5 − 0 )2 + (0 − 5)2
∴ CQ = CP
d = 25 + 25 = 50 = 5 2 units
and CP = BC − BP
∴ 2d = 5 2 × 2 = 10 units
Also, BP = BR = 4 cm
∴ CP = 7 − 4 = 3 cm [Q BC = 7 cm] 16. (c) We know that
⇒ CQ = 3 cm LCM × HCF = Product of two numbers
∴ AC = AQ + QC = 5 + 3 Given LCM = 350,
[Q AQ = 5 cm] Product of two numbers = 25 × 70
= 8 cm ∴ 350 × HCF = 25 × 70
25 × 70
11. (a) Given, BD = 12 cm and AD = 6 cm ⇒ HCF = =5
350
In ∆ABD and ∆BDC,
17. (a) Plot the point (2, 11) in coordinate axes.
∠BDA = ∠CDB [each 90°]
Y
∠DBA = ∠DCB [each (90°−∠A)]
(2, 11)
∴ ∆ADB ~ ∆BDC [by AA similarity criterion] 2 units
BD AD
⇒ = 11 units
CD BD
BD 2 12 2 144 X
⇒ CD = = = = 24 cm O
AD 6 6
12. (a) Let three numbers in AP be a − d , a, a + d . From the figure above, the required distance is
According to the question, 11 units.
a − d + a + a + d = 27 18. (c) Let the coordinates of the third vertex be (x, y ), then
⇒ 3 a = 27 ⇒ a = 9 centroid of triangle is
Also, (a − d )a(a + d ) = 405  x − 3 + 7 y + 5 − 4
 ,  = (2, − 1)
⇒ a(a2 − d 2 ) = 405  3 3 
⇒ 9(92 − d 2 ) = 405  x + 4 y + 1
⇒  ,  = (2, − 1)
405  3 3 
⇒ 81 − d 2 =
9 x+4 y+1
⇒ = 2, = −1
⇒ d 2 = 81 − 45 3 3
⇒ d 2 = 36 ⇒ x + 4 = 6, y + 1 = − 3
∴ d = ±6 ⇒ x = 2, y = − 4
13. (a) Here, joining three cubes, we get cuboid whose ∴Coordinates of third vertex are (2, − 4).
length, l = 5 + 5 + 5 = 15 cm 19. (a) We know, circumference of a circle = 2π × radius
22
breadth, b = 5 cm ∴ Circumference, C = 2 × × r = 176
7
and height, h = 5 cm
176 × 7
∴ Required surface area of the resulting solid ⇒ r= = 28 cm
2 × 22
= Surface area of new cuboid
Hence, both Assertion and Reason are true and
= 2(lb + bh + hl ) = 2 (15 × 5 + 5 × 5 + 5 × 15)
Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.
= 2 (75 + 25 + 75) = 2 (175) = 350 cm 2
20. (a) We know that Or
cos θ ≤ 1 2 According to the given information, we have the
4xy following figure
sec θ =
2
≥1
(x + y )2 C

⇒ 4xy ≥ (x + y ) ⇒ (x − y ) ≤ 0
2 2

Hence, both Assertion and Reason are true and 120°

Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion. O
21. Let the zeroes of the polynomial 2 x − 5x − 3 be α
2

and β. A
 Coefficient of x   −5 5 B
Then, α + β = −  2
= −  = (1)
Coefficient of x  2 2 We know that tangent drawn from a point on a circle is
 Constant term  −3 perpendicular to the radius through the point of
and αβ =  = …(i)
Coefficient of x 2  2 contact. (1)
Now, zeroes of polynomial x 2 + kx + l are 2α and 2β. ∴ OB ⊥ AB
∴Sum of zeroes = 2α + 2β = 2(α + β ) = − k ⇒ ∠OBA = 90 °
 5 In ∆ABO, ∠AOC = ∠OAB + ∠OBA
⇒ −k = 2   = 5 [using Eq. (i)]
 2 [Q in a triangle, external angle = sum of
∴ k = −5 opposite internal angles]
and product of zeroes = 2α ⋅ 2β = 4αβ = l [using Eq. (i)] ⇒ 120 ° = ∠OAB + 90 °
 −3 ⇒ ∠OAB = 120 ° − 90 °
∴ l = 4  = − 6
2 ∴ ∠OAB = 30 ° (1)
Hence, value of k and l are −5 and −6, respectively. (1)
24. Let ACB be the given arc subtending an angle of 45° at
22. In right ∆ABD, AB = (BD )2 + ( AD )2 = 32 + 42 the centre.
Given, radius, r = 21cm and θ = 45°
= 9 + 16 = 25 = 5 cm (1)
A
4 cm

D
O
θ 3 cm
C 45°
12 cm B
BC 12
Now in right ∆ABC, cotθ = = A B
AB 5 (1)
C
23. We have, AR = AP and CR = CQ
θ
[Q the lengths of two tangents drawn from an (i) Length of ACB = × 2 πr
360 °
external point to a circle are equal]
45° 22
∴ OQ = BP [Q OPBQ is a square] = ×2 × × 21= 16.5 cm
360 ° 7
AP = AB − PB, AP = 8 − x (1)
θ
and CQ = BC − BQ = 6 − x (ii) Area of the sector OACBO = × πr 2
360 °
Now, AC = AR + RC = 8 − x + 6 − x = 14 − 2 x (1) 45° 22
= × × 21 × 21
Now, in ∆ABC, 360 ° 7
( AC )2 = ( AB)2 + (BC )2 693
= = 173.25 cm 2
(14 − 2 x )2 = (8)2 + (6)2 4 (1)
196 − 56x + 4x 2 = 64 + 36 Or
⇒ 4x − 56x + 96 = 0
2 Fencing is done on the circumference of the circular
fields.
⇒ x 2 − 14x + 24 = 0
Let R be the radius of the circular field.
⇒ (x − 12 )(x − 2 ) = 0
Given, area of circular field = 13.86 hec
⇒ x = 2, x = 12 but x ≠ 12
= 13.86 × 10000 m 2
∴ x = 2 cm (1)
 ⇒ πR 2 = 138600
27. Let the points (−1, − 2 ), (1, 0 ), (−1, 2 ), (−3, 0 ) be denoted by
7
⇒ R = 138600 ×
2
A, B, C and D, respectively.
22
AB = (1 + 1)2 + (0 + 2 )2 = 4 + 4 = 2 2
⇒ R 2 = 44100 m 2
⇒ R = 210 m (1) [Q distance = (x 2 − x1 )2 + ( y2 − y1 )2 ]

Circumference of the circular field BC = (−1 − 1)2 + (2 − 0 )2 = 4 + 4 = 2 2

 22  CD = (−3 + 1)2 + (0 − 2 )2 = 4 + 4 = 2 2
= 2 πR =  2 × × 210 (1)
 7 
and AD = (−3 + 1) + (0 + 2 ) = 4 + 4 = 2 2
2 2
= 1320 m
Here, we see that AB = BC = CD = AD (1)
∴ Cost of fencing = ` (1320 × 4.40 ) = ` 5808 (1)
⇒ ABCD is either a square or a rhombus.
25. In ∆ABC, Now, diagonal AC = (−1 + 1)2 + (2 + 2 )2 = 0 + 16 = 4
ML|| BC
∴ By basic proportionality theorem, we have Diagonal BD = (−3 − 1)2 + (0 − 0 )2 = 16 + 0 = 4
AM AL Q Diagonal AC = Diagonal BD
= …(i)
AB AC Hence, ABCD is a square. (1)
Again, in ∆ADC, Or
NL|| DC Given, A(2, − 1), B(3, 4), C(−2, 3) and D(−3, − 2 ) are the
∴ By basic proportionality theorem, we have vertices of the rhombus ABCD.
AN AL Length of diagonals,
= …(ii)
AD AC
DB = (x 2 − x1 )2 + ( y2 − y1 )2 [by distance formula]
From Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get
AM AN = (3 + 3)2 + (4 + 2 )2
=
AB AD (1)
= 62 + 62 = 6 2 units
Again, in ∆AML and ∆ABC,
and CA = (2 + 2 )2 + (− 1 − 3)2
∠AML = ∠ABC [corresponding angles]
∠ALM = ∠ACB [corresponding angles] = 42 + 42 = 4 2 units
∴ By AA similar criterion, D (–3, –2) (1)
∆AML ~ ∆ABC
We have,
(2, –1) A C (–2, 3)
AM ML
= …(iii)
AB BC
From Eqs. (i) and (iii), we have
B (3, 4)
ML AL
= Hence proved. (1) Now, area of rhombus
BC AC
1
26. Let p(x ) = 2 x 2 + 2 ax + 5x + 10 = × product of lengths of diagonals (1)
2
1
Since, x + a is a factor of p(x ). ∴ Area of rhombus ABCD = × AC × BD
2
∴ f (− a) = 0
1
⇒ 2 (− a) + 2 a(− a) + 5(− a) + 10 = 0
2
= ×4 2 ×6 2
2
⇒ 2 a2 − 2 a2 − 5a + 10 = 0
= 24 sq units (1)
⇒ 5a = 10
28. Given expression,
⇒ a=2 (1½)
sin 60 ° cosec 30 ° 2 cos 45°cosec 45°
So, p(x ) = 2 x 2 + 2 × 2 × x + 5x + 10 + −
cos 30 ° sec 45° tan 30 ° tan 45° tan 60 ° tan 45°
= 2 x 2 + 4x + 5x + 10 3 1
⇒ p(x ) = 2 x 2 + 9x + 10 2× × 2
2 2
= 2 + −
⇒ p(x ) = 2 x 2 + 5x + 4x + 10 3 2 1
× 1× 3 × 1
= x (2 x + 5) + 2 (2 x + 5) 2 3 (1½)
⇒ p(x ) = (2 x + 5)(x + 2 ) (1½) 2
= 1+ 2 − = 2 −1
1 (1½)
 Or Using quadratic formula, we have
Given, 7 sin 2 θ + 3 cos 2 θ = 4 −(−3) ± (−3)2 − 4 × 5 × −296
⇒ 4sin 2 θ + 3sin 2 θ + 3cos 2 θ = 4 (1/2) n=
2×5
⇒ 4sin 2 θ + 3 (sin 2 θ + cos 2 θ ) = 4  − b ± b2 − 4ac 
⇒ 4sin 2 θ + 3 = 4 [Q sin 2 θ + cos 2 θ = 1] Q x = 
 2a 
⇒ 4sin θ = 4 − 3 ⇒ 4sin 2 θ = 1
2
(1/2)
3 ± 9 + 5920 3 ± 5929 3 ± 77
1 1 = = =
⇒ sin 2 θ = ⇒ sinθ = 10 10 10
4 2
3 + 77 80
[taking positive square root as θ is acute angle] ⇒ n= = =8
10 10
 1  3 − 77
⇒ cosecθ = 2 Q sinθ =  (1/2) or n= =−
74
[which is not possible]
 cosec θ 10 10
 1 1
2 ∴ n=8 (1)
and cos θ = 1 − sin 2 θ = 1 −   = 1 −
 2 4 (1/2) Now, an = x [given]
4−1 3 3 ⇒ a + (n − 1) d = x [Q an = a + (n − 1) d ]
= = = (1/2) ⇒ 1 + (8 − 1) × 5 = x ⇒ x = 1 + 7 × 5
4 4 2
2  1  ∴ x = 1 + 35 ⇒ x = 36 (1)
⇒ sec θ = Q sec θ = 
3  cos θ 31. Let present age of man = x yr
∴ sec θ + cosec θ =
2
+2 Hence proved. (1/2) and present age of son = y yr
3 Six years hence, men’s age = (x + 6) yr
29. We have, son’s age = ( y + 6) yr
10224 1608 According to question,
2 5112 2 804 (x + 6) = 3 ( y + 6)
⇒ x + 6 = 3 y + 18
2 2556 2 402
⇒ x − 3 y = 12 …(i)
2 1278 2 201 and three years ago Men’s age = (x − 3) yr

3 67
son’s age = ( y − 3) yr (1½)
2 639
According to the question,
3 213
(x − 3) = 9 ( y − 3)
3 71
(1) ⇒ x − 3 = 9 y − 27
Thus, 10224 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 × 71 = 2 × 3 × 71
4 2
⇒ x − 9 y = − 24 …(ii)
and 1608 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 67 = 2 3 × 3 × 67 (1/2) On subtracting Eq. (ii) from Eq. (i), we get
∴ HCF of 10224 and 1608 = 2 3 × 3 = 8 × 3 = 24 (1/2) 6 y = 36 ⇒ y = 6
On substituting the value of y in Eq. (i), we get
and LCM of 10224 and 1608
Product of two numbers 10224 × 1608 x − 18 = 12 ⇒ x = 30 yr (1½)
= =
HCF 24 32. Let the line BD intersects the larger circle at E.
= 685008 (1) Now, Join AE.
30. The given sequence 1, 6, 11, 16, … x, is in AP with Let O be the centre of the larger circle, then O is
first term, a = 1 the mid-point of AB.
and common difference, d = 6 − 1 = 11 − 6 = 16 − 11 = 5. [Q AB is a diameter of the larger circle]
Let n be the number of terms in the given sequence.
Then, sum of n terms, S n = 148 [given] A
n O
⇒ [2 × 1 + (n − 1) × 5] = 148
2  n 
Q S n = 2 [2 a + (n − 1) d ] B E
D

⇒ n [2 + 5n − 5] = 148 × 2 (1)
⇒ n [5n − 3] = 296 BD is a tangent to the smaller circle and OD is a radius
through the point of contact D.
⇒ 5n − 3n − 296 = 0
2
(1)
Then, OD ⊥ BD Now, in ∆APB, we have
⇒ OD ⊥ BE ∠APB + ∠PAB + ∠PBA = 180 °
Since, OD is ⊥ to a chord BE of a bigger circle. [by angle sum property of a triangle]
∴ BD = DE
⇒ 60 ° + 2 ∠PAB = 180 ° [using Eqs. (i) and (ii)]
[Q perpendicular drawn from the centre to a chord
bisects the chord] ∴ ∠PAB = 60 °
⇒ D is the mid-point of BE ⇒ ∠PBA = ∠PAB = 60 °
∴ In ∆BAE, O is the mid-point of AB and D is the Thus, all angles are 60°.
mid-point of BE. (1) Hence, ∆ABP is an equilateral triangle.
1
∴ OD = AE Hence proved. (2)
2
[Q segment joining the mid-points of any two sides of a 33. Speed of car = 50 km/h
(50 × 1000 × 100 ) cm
triangle is half of the third side] =
60 min
⇒ AE = 2(OD ) = 2 × 8 = 16 cm
[Q 1 km = 1000 m, 1 m = 100 cm
In right angled ∆OBD, using Pythagoras theorem,
and 1 h = 60 min]
(OD )2 + (BD )2 = (OB)2 = 83333.33 cm/min (1)
⇒ BD = (OB)2 − (OD )2 = (13)2 − 82 Distance covered by wheel in 1 min = 83333.33 cm
= 169 − 64 = 105 [Q distance = speed × time] (1)

∴ DE = BD = 105 (1) Circumference of wheel = 2πr

[where r is the radius of the wheel]
In right angled ∆AED, using Pythagoras theorem,
22 60
AD = ( AE )2 + (DE )2 =2× ×
7 2
= (16)2 + ( 105 )2 [Q diameter = 60 cm]
1320
= 256 + 105 = cm
7 (1)
= 361 = 19 cm (2)
Number of revolutions made by a wheel in 1 min
Or Distance covered by wheel in 1 min
=
Let r be the radius of the circle. Circumference of wheel
Then, OA = OB = r and OP = Diameter = 2 r 83333.33
= ×7
1320 (1)
A
Number of revolutions made by a wheel in 20 min
r
83333.33 × 7
O P = × 20 = 8838.38
1320
r
B
≈ 8838 (1)
x − 4 x − 6 10
34. We have, + =
To prove ABP is an equilateral triangle, i.e. to prove x − 5 x −7 3
∠PAB = ∠PBA = ∠APB = 60 ° (1) (x − 4)(x − 7 ) + (x − 6)(x − 5) 10
⇒ =
(x − 5)(x − 7 ) 3 (1)
Proof Clearly, ∠OAP = 90 °
[Q radius is perpendicular to the tangent (x − 11x + 28) + x − 11x + 30 10
2 2
⇒ =
at the point of contact] x 2 − 12 x + 35 3
In right angled ∆OAP, we have ⇒ 3(2 x 2 − 22 x + 58) = 10(x 2 − 12 x + 35)
OA r 1  1
sin (∠OPA) = = = = sin 30 ° Q sin 30 ° = 2  ⇒ 4x 2 − 54x + 176 = 0 (2)
OP 2 r 2
⇒ 2 x − 27 x + 88 = 0
2
[dividing by 2]
⇒ ∠OPA = 30 °
⇒ 2 x − 16x − 11x + 88 = 0
2
Similarly, ∠OPB = 30 °
⇒ 2 x(x − 8) − 11(x − 8) = 0
∴ ∠APB = 30 ° + 30 ° = 60 ° …(i) (1)
⇒ (2 x − 11)(x − 8) = 0
Since, PB = PA [Q tangents drawn from an
⇒ 2 x − 11 = 0 or x − 8 = 0
external point are equal in length]
11
∴ ∠PAB = ∠PBA …(ii) (1) ⇒ x = or x = 8
2 (2)
 Or Here, l = 500, h = 100, f = 20 and cf = 36 + x
1 1 1 1 ∴ N = 100
We have, = + +
a+ b+ x a b x 50 − 36 − x
⇒ 525 = 500 + × 100
1 1 1 1 20
⇒ − = +
a+ b+ x x a b ⇒ 525 = 500 + (14 − x ) × 5
x − (a + b + x ) a + b ⇒ 525 = 500 + 70 − 5x
⇒ = (1½)
x( a + b + x ) ab ⇒ 5x = 570 − 525
−(a + b) a+ b
⇒ = ⇒ 5x = 45 ⇒ x =
45
=9
x( a + b + x ) ab 5 (1)
⇒ ab(a + b) + (a + b)x(a + b + x ) = 0 Putting x = 9 in Eq. (i), we get
⇒ (a + b)[x(a + b + x ) + ab] = 0 (1½) 9 + y = 24 ⇒ y = 24 − 9 = 15
⇒ x(a + b + x ) + ab = 0 [Q a + b ≠ 0] Hence, x = 9 and y = 15 (1)
⇒ x 2 + ax + bx + ab = 0
36. (i) Given statement is a statement of Thales theorem.
⇒ x(x + a) + b(x + a) = 0
(ii) Let ABC be the right triangular field.
⇒ (x + a)(x + b) = 0
Also, let BDEF be the required square space of the
⇒ x + a = 0 or x + b = 0 largest size for growing the wheat and let BD = x m.
⇒ x = − a or x = − b (2) A

35. Given, frequency table is

Frequency Cumulative Frequency

144 m
Class
(fi ) (cf ) E D
0-100 2 2

xm
100-200 5 7
C B
200-300 x 7+ x F
84 m
300-400 12 19 + x
400-500 17 36 + x (cf ) So, AD = (144 − x ) m
500-600 20 (f ) 56 + x In ∆ADE and ∆ABC,
600-700 y 56 + x + y ∠ADE = ∠ABC [each 90°]
700-800 9 65 + x + y ∠AED = ∠ACB [corresponding angles]
800-900 7 72 + x + y ∠A = ∠A [common angle]
900-1000 4 76 + x + y ∴ ∆ADE ~ ∆ABC [by AAA similarity criterion]
AD DE 144 − x x
(2) So, = ⇒ =
AB BC 144 84
Given, total frequency is 100. ⇒ 144 × 84 − 84x = 144x
∴ 2 + 5 + x + 12 + 17 + 20 + y + 9 + 7 + 4 = 100 ⇒ 144 × 84 = 144x + 84x
⇒ 76 + x + y = 100 ⇒ 228x = 144 × 84
⇒ x + y = 24 …(i) 144 × 84
⇒ x= = 53.05 m
It is given that the median is 525. 228
Clearly, 525 lies in the class 500-600. So, 500-600 is Thus, side of the required square space is 53.05 m.
the median class. (1) Or
N
− cf The area of the field other than square field
Q Median = l + 2 × h, = Area of ∆ABC − Area of square BDEF
f
1
where, l = lower class limit of median class, = × 84 × 144 − (53.05)2
2
N = number of observations, = 6048 − 2814.30
cf = cumulative frequency of the class = 3233.7 m 2
preceding the median class,
(iii) Area of square field = (Side) 2 = (x )2
f = frequency of the median class
= (53.05)2 = 2814.30 m 2
and h = class size.
37. (i) Total members in committee = 35 On adding Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get
∴Total number of possible outcomes = 35 OP + OQ = 3 h + h
Let E1 be the event of drawing card with a man’s name ⇒ PQ = ( 3 + 1)h [Q OP + OQ = PQ]
written on it.
∴Number of favourable outcomes for event E1 = 25 ⇒ 100 = ( 3 + 1)h [QPQ = 100 m, given]
25 5 100
∴Required probability, P(E1 ) = = ⇒ h=
35 7 1.732 + 1
Or 100
= = 36.6 m
Let E2 be the event of drawing card with a woman’s 2.732
name on it.
Or
∴Number of favourable outcomes for event E2 = 10
In right ∆AOQ,
10 2
∴Required probability P(E2 ) = = OA
35 7 sin 45° =
AQ
5 2 7
(ii) Yes, P(E1 ) + P(E2 ) = + = = 1 1 36.6
7 7 7 ⇒ =
2 AQ
(iii) The probability of certain event is 1.
⇒ AQ = 36.6 × 1.414 = 51.75 m
38. (i) Let OA be the tree of height h m.
(ii) Let AO be the tree and OC be its shadow, when
Given, PQ = 100 m and angles of elevation are
∠ACO = 60 °
∠APO = 30 ° and ∠OQA = 45°. A
A (tree)

hm
30° 45° 60°
P Q C O
O
100 m AO
In ∆AOC, tan 60° =
In right angled ∆POA, OC
OA AO
tan 30° = ⇒ OC =
OP tan 60 °
1 h  1  36.6
⇒ = Q tan 30 ° = 3  ⇒ OC =
3 OP 3
⇒ OP = 3h ...(i) [Q height of the tree AO = 36.6 m]
Now, in right angled ∆QOA, 36.6 3
OA =
tan 45° = 3
OQ
h ⇒ OC = 12.2 3 m
⇒ 1= [Q tan 45° = 1] (iii) The angles of elevation and depression are always
OQ
⇒ OQ = h ...(ii) acute angles i.e. they lie between 0° and 90°.