CHAPTER 1:

Simon Stevinus

A flemish mathematician
and engineer (1548-
1620) who first
demonstrated resolution
of forces, thereby
establishing the
foundation of modern
statics

CHAPTER 1 Introduction to Statics

 Newtonian Mechanics
Sir Isaac Newton (1642-1727)

- Founded the classical or primary

mechanics
- His works on mechanics were useful
especially in engineering practices
- Developed the Laws of Motion

CHAPTER 1 Introduction to Statics

 FUNDAMENTAL
PROPERTIES OF VECTORS
Scalar A quantity that has magnitude only

Example: Speed, Time and Temperature

A quantity that has both magnitude and

Vector direction
Example: Velocity, Displacement, Force

CHAPTER 1 Introduction to Statics

 Vectors as directed line segments

We use:
A

CHAPTER 1 Introduction to Statics

 Parallelogram Law for Addition

Components
A - vector
B - vector

Resultant
C - vector

CHAPTER 1 Introduction to Statics

 The Triangle Law

Tip-to-Tail

CHAPTER 1 Introduction to Statics

 Polygon rule for addition

CHAPTER 1 Introduction to Statics

 Subtraction of Vectors

A–B=C

A + (– B) = C

CHAPTER 1 Introduction to Statics

 EXAMPLE
Figure shows two
position vectors of
magnitudes A = 60 m
and B = 100 m. (A
position vector is a
vector drawn between
2 points in space.)
Determine the
Answer:
resultant.
R=150.97m ∠ 55.2°
CHAPTER 1 Introduction to Statics
 The vertical force P of
magnitude 100 kN is
applied to the frame
shown. Resolve P into
components that are
parallel to the members
AB and AC of the Answer:
structure. PAB = 100 kN
PAC = 163.8 kN
CHAPTER 1 Introduction to Statics Abo
 REPRESENTATION OF VECTORS
USING RECTANGULAR COMPONENTS

CHAPTER 1 Introduction to Statics

 REPRESENTATION OF VECTORS USING
RECTANGULAR COMPONENTS

𝑨 = 𝐴! 𝒊 + 𝐴" 𝒋 + 𝐴# 𝒌
𝒊, 𝒋, 𝒌 = 𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒 𝑣𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑠

𝐴! , 𝐴" , 𝐴#
= 𝑠𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑜𝑛𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑠

𝐴! 𝒊, 𝐴" 𝒋, 𝐴# 𝒌
= 𝑣𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑜𝑛𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑠
CHAPTER 1 Introduction to Statics
 REPRESENTATION OF VECTORS USING
RECTANGULAR COMPONENTS
𝐴! = 𝐴𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃!
𝐴# = 𝐴𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃#
𝐴" = 𝐴𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃"

" " "

𝐴= 𝐴! +𝐴# +𝐴$

CHAPTER 1 Introduction to Statics

 𝑫𝒊𝒓𝒆𝒄𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒆𝒔
λ! = 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃! λ" = 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃" λ# = 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃#

𝑆𝑜, 𝑠𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑜𝑛𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑠

𝐴! = 𝐴λ! 𝐴" = 𝐴λ" 𝐴# = 𝐴λ#
𝑛𝑜𝑤 𝑏𝑒𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑒

𝑨 = 𝐴λ! 𝒊 + 𝐴λ" 𝒋 + 𝐴λ# 𝒌

𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒, 𝑨 = 𝐴λ
𝝀 = λ! 𝒊 + λ" 𝒋 + λ# 𝒌
𝝀 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 𝑣𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟
$ $ $
λ! +λ" +λ# =1

CHAPTER 1 Introduction to Statics

 How to write a vector in
rectangular form
1. Write the relative position vector (rectangular
components).

2. Evaluate the unit vector 𝝀.

3. Write 𝑭 in rectangular form, 𝑭 = 𝑭𝝀

CHAPTER 1 Introduction to Statics

 EXAMPLE

The pulley is subjected

to the belt forces P and
Q. Using rectangular
components, determine
the magnitude and
direction of the resultant
force.

CHAPTER 1 Introduction to Statics

CHAPTER 1 Introduction to Statics
 EXAMPLE
The cable attached to the eyebolt is pulled with
the force F of magnitude 500 N. Determine the
rectangular representation of this force.

CHAPTER 1 Introduction to Statics

CHAPTER 1 Introduction to Statics
CHAPTER 1 Introduction to Statics
 EXAMPLE

Determine the
rectangular
representation of the
position vector.

CHAPTER 1 Introduction to Statics

 SEATWORK:
The two forces shown
act on the structural
member AB. Determine
the magnitude of P such
that the resultant of these
forces is directed along
AB.

CHAPTER 1 Introduction to Statics