PATHOPHYSIOLOGY

OF
STABLE ANGINA
BY: FRANS MALLARE BULARAN
(BSN 2-YA-7)
 RISK FACTORS:
Increasing Age (Adults over 60 are more likely to experience Angina), Family History of Heart
Disease, Use of Tobacco, Diabetes, Elevated Blood Pressure, High Triglycerides or Cholesterol,
Obesity, Stress on an emotional level, Other medical issues. (The risk of Angina is increased by
metabolic syndrome, peripheral arterial disease, chronic renal disease, and a history of stroke),
Inadequate Exercise, Certain Medications, Drug Abuse, Cold Temperatures
Being in a Cold Environment

ETIOLOGIC AGENTS:
Atherosclerosis-related coronary artery disease is the most frequent cause of unstable angina.

DISEASE TRANSMISSION:
Stable angina is not a disease.
(It is a symptom that you have heart problems; Based on Cleveland Clinic 2023)

WHAT IS HAPPENING INSIDE THE BODY:

Stable angina is defined as chest pain or discomfort that happens most frequently with physical
exercise or mental stress. Angina is caused by a lack of blood flow via the coronary arteries,
which are blood channels in the heart. The ventricles, atria, arteries, and veins are among the
heart's exterior structures.

INITIAL SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS:

Breathing difficulties (Shortness of Breath), Perspiration, Squeezing, Aching, Discomfort,
Dizziness, Fatigue, Sensation of Fullness in the Chest, Sensation of Pressure or Heaviness,
Vomiting or Upset Stomach, Burning

DIAGNOSTIC RESULTS:
Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG), Blood Test, Stress LABORATORY RESULTS:
Test, Echocardiogram, Nuclear Stress Test, Cardiac Blood Tests
Computerized Tomography (CT) scan, Coronary (Measures the level of cardiac troponin in the blood)
Angiography, Chest X-Ray

STRONG/MORE CLINICAL MANIFESTATION:

Chest pain behind or slightly to the left of the breastbone is the most typical symptom. Most
typically, stable angina starts slowly, gets worse over the next few minutes, and then goes away.
The sensation of chest pain is usually described as constriction, intense pressure, squeezing, or
crushing.

THE DISEASE: STABLE ANGINA