FOUNDATIONS OF MATHEMATICS TEACHING AND LEARNING IN THE PHILIPPINES

Roles Cognitive Mathematical

Nature of Principles in Mathematics Cognitive
of Mathematics Demands Content
Mathematics Instruction Values
in the Philippine
Education
A study of PRINCIPLE 1 Numbers and
patterns and Being mathematically competent Visualization Objectivity Number Sense
Facilitating means more than having the ability
relationships whole numbers, number
participation to compute and perform algorithms theory, fractions,
in productive and mathematical procedures decimals ratio and
A way of life skills Flexibility proportion, percent and
PRINCIPLE 2 Knowing
thinking The physical and social dimensions of
and integers
A way of a mathematical environment creativity
Measurement
making sense contribute to one’s success in length, mass, weight,
An art of the world learning mathematics capacity, time, money,
Computing temperature, angles,
PRINCIPLE 3 Utility
perimeter, area, surface
A Means of Mathematics is best learned when area, and volume
A language communication students are actively engaged
Geometry
Solving parallel and perpendicular
PRINCIPLE 4 Cultural
A gateway A deep understanding of rootedness
lines, angles, triangles,
A tool for national mathematics requires a variety of quadrilaterals, polygons,
circles, and solid figures
progress tools for learning
like cube and prism
Applying
PHILIPPINE’S PRINCIPLE 5
Introspection
Assessment in mathematics must be Patterns and
K-12 CURRICULUM valued for the sake of knowing what Algebra
Pedagogical Strategies and how students learn or fail to learn continuous and repeating
mathematics
Proving
patterns, number
CONSTRUCTIVIST Productive sentences, sequences
P R I NC I P L E 6 Disposition and simple equations
INQUIRY-BASED Students’ attitudes and beliefs about GOAL
REFLECTIVE mathematics affect their learning MATHEMATICS Statistics and
CURRICULUM Probability
COLLABORATIVE PRINCIPLE 7 bar graphs, line graphs
Mathematics learning needs the To develop the learner's and pie graphs, simple
DIFFERENTIATED
support of both parents and other critical thinking and experiment and
INTERGRATIVE community groups problem-solving skills experimental probability