Concrete Temperature?

ASTM & ACI Standards

Shahzad Jalbani (B.E Civil )

According to the updated ASTM standard
C1064/C1064M-19, the maximum and minimum
concrete temperatures are as follows:

 Maximum Concrete Temperature: Hot Weather Concrete-ASTM

Standard

 Generally: 95°F (35°C)

 Massive placements (over 1 meter thick): 85°F (29°C)
 Special cases (e.g., high-strength concrete, early-age strength
requirements): Lower limits may be specified by the engineer or project
specifications.

Shahzad Jalbani (B.E Civil )

Cold Weather Concrete as per ASTM
standard. ASTM standard C1064/C1064M-19

 Minimum Concrete Temperature: ASTM Standard

 At placement: 50°F (10°C)

 During curing: 55°F (13°C) for a minimum of 3 days
 Special cases (e.g., cold weather concreting): Admixtures or additional
measures may be required to ensure proper hydration and strength
development.

Shahzad Jalbani (B.E Civil )

 Additional Considerations:

 Temperature differentials: Differences between the concrete temperature

and the ambient temperature should not exceed 40°F (22°C) to minimize
thermal cracking.

 Protection: Measures such as insulation, heated enclosures, or cold-weather

concreting practices may be necessary to maintain appropriate
temperatures in extreme weather conditions.

 Project specifications: Always consult the project specifications for any

additional requirements or limitations specific to your project.

Shahzad Jalbani (B.E Civil )

Remember:

 Adherence to these temperature limits is crucial for ensuring proper

hydration, strength development, durability, and minimizing the risk of
cracking in concrete structures.

 Consult with a qualified engineer or concrete specialist for guidance on

temperature control measures and any special considerations for your
particular project.

Shahzad Jalbani (B.E Civil )

ACI Standards for Hot and Cold
Weather Concrete…

ACI 305 (Hot Weather concrete)

and ACI 306 (Cold Weather Concrete

Shahzad Jalbani (B.E Civil )

ACI-305 Hot Weather Concrete

 Maximum Concrete Temperature: Hot Weather Concrete-ACI 305

 Generally: 95°F (35°C)

 Massive placements (over 1 meter thick): 85°F (29°C) to mitigate thermal

cracking risks.

 Special cases (e.g., high-strength concrete, early-age strength

requirements): Lower limits may be specified by the engineer or project
specifications.

Shahzad Jalbani (B.E Civil )

ACI 306 Cold Weather Concrete

Minimum Concrete Temperature:

 At placement: 50°F (10°C) for proper hydration and strength development.

 During curing: 55°F (13°C) for a minimum of 3 days to ensure adequate
strength gain.
 Special cases (e.g., cold weather concreting): Admixtures or additional
measures may be required to achieve the necessary minimum
temperature and strength.

Shahzad Jalbani (B.E Civil )

Additional Considerations:

 Temperature differentials: ACI 305R-10 recommends limiting temperature differences

between the concrete and surrounding air or ground to 25°F (14°C) to minimize thermal
stresses and cracking.

 Massive concrete: For large placements, ACI 207.1R-05 emphasizes the importance of
controlling temperature rise due to heat of hydration to prevent cracking.

 Project specifications: Always consult the project specifications for any specific
temperature requirements or limitations that may apply to your particular project

Shahzad Jalbani (B.E Civil )

Remember:

 Adhering to these temperature limits is crucial for ensuring proper concrete

performance, durability, and structural integrity.

 Consult with a qualified engineer or concrete specialist for guidance on

temperature control measures and any special considerations for your
project.

Shahzad Jalbani (B.E Civil )

What is actually
ACI 305-Hot Weather Concrete

 ACI 305, "Guide to Hot Weather Concreting", is a valuable resource for anyone involved in
construction during warm weather. It provides essential information and best practices
for handling concrete effectively in hot conditions.

Shahzad Jalbani (B.E Civil )

Key Points:ACI305

 Scope: The guide covers topics like materials selection, pre-placement

procedures, placement and finishing techniques, curing methods, and
quality control measures for hot weather concreting.

 Temperature limits: Generally, it recommends a maximum concrete

temperature of 95°F (35°C) at the time of placement. Higher temperatures
may be permissible for massive placements or with specific precautions.

 Risks and challenges: Hot weather can accelerate hydration, increase

evaporation, and affect setting times, leading to potential issues like plastic
shrinkage cracks, reduced strength, and increased permeability.

Shahzad Jalbani (B.E Civil )

Recommendations: ACI 305 suggests various
strategies to mitigate these risks, including:

o Pre-cooling materials: Use cooled mixing water, chilled aggregates, or ice.

o Shade and wind protection: Minimize direct sunlight and wind exposure
during placement and curing.

o Proper mix design: Optimize mix proportions for hot weather

conditions, considering cement type, admixtures, and water-to-cement
ratio.
o Early application of curing: Start curing immediately after placement and
use effective methods like ponding, wet coverings, or curing compounds to
retain moisture.
o Temperature monitoring: Monitor concrete and ambient temperatures
throughout the placement and curing period.

Shahzad Jalbani (B.E Civil )

Benefits of using ACI 305:

 Improved quality and durability: By following the guide's

recommendations, you can produce high-quality concrete that resists
cracking, shrinkage, and other hot weather-related problems.

 Enhanced safety: Proper handling of concrete in hot weather reduces the

risk of accidents and improves worker safety.

 Cost savings: Avoiding defects and rework associated with improper hot
weather practices can save time and money on construction projects.

Shahzad Jalbani (B.E Civil )

What is
ACI-306 Cold Weather Concrete
 ACI 306, "Guide to Cold Weather Concreting", equips you with crucial
knowledge and best practices for successfully placing and curing concrete
during those chilly months.

Shahzad Jalbani (B.E Civil )

Key Points: ACI 306
 Scope:

 This guide covers the crucial aspects of cold weather concreting, from
material selection and pre-placement preparations to placement techniques,
curing strategies, and quality control measures.

 Temperature Limits:

 ACI 306 defines "cold weather" as periods when the average daily
temperature falls below 40°F (4°C) for three or more consecutive days. It
recommends maintaining a minimum concrete temperature of 50°F (10°C) at
placement and 55°F (13°C) for at least three days during curing.

 Challenges and Risks:

 Freezing temperatures can hinder hydration, decrease strength gain, and

cause internal cracking due to ice formation. Early-age freezing poses major
risks. Shahzad Jalbani (B.E Civil )
Recommendations:

 Preheat materials: Use warm mixing water, heated aggregates, and hot
water curing.
 Protect from freezing: Provide insulation blankets, heated enclosures, or
temporary structures to maintain appropriate temperatures.
 Use accelerators and antifreeze admixtures: These can accelerate
hydration and protect against early-age freezing.
 Monitor temperatures closely: Track concrete and ambient temperatures
throughout the process.
 Adjust curing methods: Extend curing duration and ensure proper moisture
retention.

Shahzad Jalbani (B.E Civil )

Benefits of using ACI 306:

 Ensured structural integrity: By following the guide, you can avoid cold
weather-related damage and guarantee the strength and durability of
your concrete structures.

 Reduced project delays: Proactive measures minimize the risk of rework

and project delays due to freeze-thaw damage.

 Cost savings: Preventing defects and repairs saves time and money in the
long run.

Shahzad Jalbani (B.E Civil )

Additional Resources:

 ACI 305R-18, "Guide to Hot Weather Concreting“

 ACI 306R-18, "Guide to Cold Weather Concreting"
 National Ready Mixed Concrete Association (NRMCA)
 American Concrete Institute (ACI) website

Shahzad Jalbani (B.E Civil )

Thanks?

Shahzad Jalbani (B.E Civil )