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TLE-Agriculture
Quarter 2 – Module 4:
Propagating Trees and Fruit-
Bearing Trees Using Scientific
Process
TLE – Agriculture- Grade 6
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 2 – Module 4: Propagating Trees and Fruit Bearing-Trees Using Scientific
Process
First Edition, 2020

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ownership over them.

Published by the Department of Education, SDO Aurora

Schools Division Superintendent: CATALINA P. PAEZ CESO V
Assistant Schools Division Superintendent: DANILO M. JACOBA

Development Team of the Module

Writer: Christina R. Mercado
Editors: Jonalyn O. Calado
Ma. Roselle S. Fajanilbo
Reviewer: Esmeralda S. Escobar PhD
Illustrator: Suzette M. Mingua
Layout Artists: Christian Jesther C. Bitong
Edward Q. Larioza
Management Team: Erleo T. Vilaros PhD
Esmeralda S. Escobar PhD
Estrella D. Neri
Milagros F. Bautista PhD

Printed in the Philippines by Department of Education – Region III –

Schools Division of Aurora

Office Address: Sitio Hiwalayan, Brgy. Bacong, San Luis, Aurora

Telefax:
E-mail Address: aurora@deped.gov.ph
 What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written to help the learners

understand the lesson in propagating trees and fruit trees using scientific
processes.

After completing this module, you are expected to:

1. identifies the appropriate tools and equipment in plant propagation
and their uses;
2. apply scientific ways of propagating fruit bearing trees; and
3. value the importance of health and safety measures in propagating
fruit bearing trees. (TLE6AG-0d-5)

What I Know

Directions: Read each statement below and write the letter of the best
answer. Write your answer in your answer sheet.

1. Which tool is used to water the plants?

A. pruning shears C. water sprinkle
B. weighing scale D. wheelbarrow

2. A tool with a wooden or metal handle in which a long blade is

attached. It is used for cutting tall grasses and branches of trees.
A. bolo C. sprayer
B. fork D. trowel

3. It is a method of plant propagation that involves inserting a scion into

a stock so that they will form a union and grow together.
A. budding C. grafting
B. cutting D. marcotting

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4. Which of the following statement shows the importance/benefits
derived from propagating trees and fruit-bearing trees.
A. There is more mortality of plants.
B. Using scientific processes in propagating plants is a waste of time.
C. Plant propagation using scientific processes ensure the increase of
productivity.
D. There are no benefits in propagating trees and fruit-bearing trees
using scientific processes.

5. Always _______ in using the equipment.

A. check your time C. watch your steps
B. follow instruction D. wear gloves

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Lesson Propagating Trees and
1 Fruit-Bearing Trees Using
Scientific Process

Good day learners, welcome to Module 4! This module contains the

lesson in propagating trees and fruit-bearing trees using scientific
processes. This will help you appreciate the importance and benefits that
you can derived from propagating trees and fruit-bearing trees using
scientific processes especially in this time of pandemic. In addition, this
module will provide you information on the appropriate tools and equipment
to be used in plant propagation. It will also give you tips and safety
measures in propagating trees and fruit-bearing trees.

What’s In

Directions: Arrange the jumbled letters to form the correct word. Use the
illustrations as your clues. Write your answer on your answer sheet.
Jumbled Word Visual Hint Correct Word

1. UNST

2. ANGMO

3. OCFFEE

4. CEHYPA

5. ANANBA

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What’s New

Alice and the Trees

Christina R. Mercado

Planting and propagating trees

Where Alice loves to practice
It creates and reproduce new plants
A method of growing from seed and parts

Beauty and bounty, more fruits and trees

That Alice enjoy always
Budding, grafting, marcotting are the magic ways
That propagates many trees

Tools and equipment like water sprinkler

It makes her work faster and easier
But remember to always wear
Your complete protective gear

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 What Is It
Modern technology and research have gone a long way especially in the field
of Agriculture. There are different agricultural products today that did not exist
long ago. We now have seedless grapes, oranges, and watermelons. There are also
various plants with leaves and flowers of different colors that come from just one
plant. Fruit-bearing trees are able to bear fruits within a very short span of time.
Some can bear fruits all year round. These advancements are possible because of
an agricultural technology called plant propagation.

Plant propagation is a method or reproducing, increasing, or multiplying

plant species. It is being practiced because of the following reasons:

a. To increase the number of plant species.

b. To produce plant varieties that are resistant to some insect pests
and diseases.
c. To evolve new and better varieties of plants suited to different
conditions of soil and climate.
d. To accelerate and the same time lessen the bearing age of plants.
e. To avert the extinction of some plant species.

PROPER WAY OF PROPAGATING FRUIT-BEARING TREES

1. Cutting
The leaves are removed and the stems are cut 10 inches long.
One-half of the cutting is inserted into the soil.
Example: Sinigwelas, Kamoteng-kahoy

2. Marcotting or Air Layering

Induces the stem to develop roots while it is still growing on the mother
plant.
Steps in Marcotting:

A. Select a healthy branch.

B. Remove a ring-like layer of soft bark about 2 to 3 inches long or until
you reach the bark about 2 to 3 inches long or until you reach the
hard, wood layer.
C. Apply sphagnum moss around the cut surface.
D. Cover securely with a piece of plastic sheet.
E. Tie both ends to prevent drying of the rooting medium. Keep it moist.

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F. Cut the marcot just below the ball of sphagnum moss when sufficient
roots develop.
G. Remove some leaves to further induce root development.
H. Place the potted plants in a cool and shady place.

3. Grafting
A plant propagation method that involves inserting a scion into a stock so
that they will form a union and grow together.

Steps in Grafting:

A. Preparing the Stock. Start at the cut surface of the rootstock and
make a vertical slit through the bark where each scion can be inserted
(2 inches long and spaced 1 inch apart)
B. Preparing the Scion. Since multiple scions are usually inserted
around the cut surface of the rootstock, prepare several scions for
each graft. Cut the base of each scion to 1 ½ - 2 inch tapered wedge
on one side only.
C. Inserting the Scion. Loosen the bark slightly and insert the scion so
that the wedge-shaped tapered surface of the scion is against the
exposed wood under the flap of bark. Push the scion firmly down into
place behind the flap of bark, replace the bark flap, and nail the scion
in place by driving one or two wire brads through the bark and scion
into the rootstock. Insert a scion every 3 to 4 inches around the cut
perimeter of the rootstock.
D. Securing the Graft. Seal all exposed surfaces with grafting wax or
grafting paint. Once the scions had begun to grow, leave only the most
vigorous one on each stub; prune out all the others. Bark grafts tend
to form weak unions and therefore usually require staking or support
during the first few years.
Example: mango, guava, santol, avocado, and guyabano

4. Budding
A. Cut bud sticks from strong shoots of the present season's growth with
mature buds that are slightly brownish in color.
B. Clip off the leaves from the bud sticks, leaving 1/2 inch of the
leafstalk for a handle.
C. Discard the soft tips of the bud sticks.

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D. Choose branches from the rootstock that are the size of a lead pencil
up to 1/2-inch in diameter. Larger branches have too thick bark for
this method to work.
E. On the rootstock, about 15 or more inches from the trunk, make a T
cut across the bark.
F. With a knife blade, lift the corners and carefully loosen the bark.
G. Cut a bud from the bud stick which includes a thin piece of attached
wood.
H. Slide the bud under the flaps of the bark on the rootstock until the
ends are firmly united. Using an electrician's tape, tie the bud to the
rootstock.
I. Wrap the ends tightly, but be sure not to cover the bud with the tape.
J. In two to three weeks, cut the tie so you will not girdle the graft. The
next year, cut the rootstock off above the graft when the bud starts
growing.
K. Remove any shoots below the graft.
L. On the second year, remove all growth from the tree except the bud
grafted shoots.

5. Inarching
A. Select a growing rootstock and fitting it with a branch that will be
grafted by a longitudinal cut.
B. Fit both cuts together and secure the tie with twine.
Example: chico

6. Layering
A. Clip securely the branch or shoot touching the ground
and soil.
B. Let it develops roots and become an independent
plant.

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 TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT USED IN PLANT PROPAGATION
Orchard tools and equipment play a very important role in systematic
process of plant propagation. Their availability makes the work easier and
helps in the proper execution of the different procedures.
Here are some of the common orchard tools used for plant
propagation:
Tools and Equipment Description

Trowel
A tool with a curved blade used for loosening
the ground and taking up small plants.

Bolo
A tool with a wooden or metal handle in which
a long blade is attached. It is used for cutting
tall grasses and branches of trees.
Shovel
A broad scoop attached to a handle. It is used
to dig, lift, and throw loose matter.
Fork
A tool resembling a table fork but much bigger
in size. It is used in digging and preparing the
soil for the plants.

Water Sprinkler
A can or plastic with a spout to sprinkle water
on the plants. Plants should be watered
everyday to make them grow healthier.

Sprayer

Used for spraying chemicals to eliminate plant

seeds.

Budding knife
Has a curved edge and a blunt end for opening
the bark and inserting the bud.
Pruning Shears
Used for cutting small branches including the
unnecessary branches.

Garden gloves
Used while working in the garden, made of
strong rubber to protect from thorns and
withstand punctures.

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HEALTHY AND SAFETY MEASURES IN PROPAGATING FRUIT-BEARING
TREES

Here are some safety measure to be observed when propagating plants and
fruit-bearing trees:
1. Before working, make sure you take a bath in order to work well.
2. Always wear complete personal protective equipment which includes
hair net, hand gloves, apron, boots if needed, protective eye glass, and
face mask.
3. Make sure tools and equipment are working properly before using
them.
4. Always follow instructions for the use of equipment.
5. Focus on the work at hand. Do not allow yourself to get distracted.
6. Know your limits in working; seek help whenever necessary.
7. Work in proper position. Make sure you do not strain your back while
working.

What’s More

A. Directions: Match the definition in column A with the terms in column B.

Write the letter of your choice on your answer sheet.

A B

1. A tool with a curved blade used for A. Budding

loosening the ground and taking up small knife
plants.
2. A tool with a wooden or metal handle in
which a long blade is attached. It is used B. Garden
for cutting tall grasses and branches of gloves
trees.
3. Used for cutting small branches
C. Pruning
including the unnecessary branches.
Shears
4. Used while working in the garden, made
of strong rubber to protect from thorns
D. Bolo
and withstand punctures

5. Has a curved edge and a blunt end for E. Trowel

opening the bark and inserting the bud.

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B. Directions: Budding is one method in plant and fruit-bearing trees
propagation. Arrange the steps below in chronological order by writing
from A to L. Write your answer on your answer sheet.

Step Number Procedure

Discard the soft tips of the bud sticks.

On the rootstock, about 15 or more inches from the

trunk, make a T cut across the bark.
Cut a bud from the bud stick which includes a thin
piece of attached wood.
Clip off the leaves from the bud sticks, leaving 1/2 inch
of the leafstalk for a handle.
Remove any shoots below the graft.

Slide the bud under the flaps of the bark on the

rootstock until the ends are firmly united. Using an
electrician's tape, tie the bud to the rootstock.
Wrap the ends tightly, but be sure not to cover the bud
with the tape.
On the second year, remove all growth from the tree
except the bud grafted shoots.
Cut bud sticks from strong shoots of the present
season's growth with mature buds that are slightly
brownish in color.
Choose branches from the rootstock that are the size of
a lead pencil up to 1/2-inch in diameter. Larger
branches have too thick bark for this method to work.
With a knife blade, lift the corners and carefully loosen
the bark
In two to three weeks, cut the tie so you will not girdle
the graft. The next year, cut the rootstock off above the
graft when the bud starts growing.

C. Directions: Below are some safety precautions that should be considered

during propagation. Write T if the statement is true and F if it is false.
Write your answer on your answer sheet.
_____1. Always follow instructions for the use of equipment.
_____2. Do not focus on the work at hand. Allow yourself to get distracted.
_____3. Make sure tools and equipment are working properly before using
them.
_____4. Know your limits in working; seek help whenever necessary.
_____5. Always wear complete personal protective equipment which includes
hair net, hand gloves, apron, boots if needed, protective eye glass,
and face mask.

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 What I Have Learned

Directions: Fill in the missing terms of a specific step in plant propagation

using scientific processes. Choose the word in the box below.

moist vertical slit increase wrap wear

1. In budding, _______ the ends tightly, but be sure not to cover the
bud with tape.
2. In marcotting, keep the marcot _______ by watering regularly
3. In grafting, start at the cut surface of the rootstock and make a
_______ through the bark where each scion can be inserted.
4. Always _______ complete personal protective equipment which
includes hair net, hand gloves, apron, boots if needed, protective
eye glass, and face mask.
5. Plant propagation using scientific processes _______ the number of
plant species.

What I Can Do

Directions: This time, let us try your learned skill on how to perform
marcotting with the guide of your guardian/parents. Try to aplly the
following steps in marcotting.
Steps to marcotting:
1._________________________________________________________________________
2._________________________________________________________________________
3._________________________________________________________________________
4._________________________________________________________________________
5._________________________________________________________________________
6._________________________________________________________________________
7._________________________________________________________________________
8._________________________________________________________________________

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 Assessment

Directions: Read each statement below and write the letter of the best
answer. Write your answer on your answer sheet.

1. Using appropriate tools and equipment in propagating plants is very

important. Why?

A. because they make work easier C. because it saves energy

B. because they make work faster D. both A, B and C

2. A tool resembling a table fork but much bigger in size. It is used in

digging and preparing the soil for the plants.

A. bolo C. fork
B. budding Knife D. trowel

3. It induces the stem to develop roots while it is still growing on the

mother plant.

A. cutting C. grafting
B. inarching D. marcotting

4. A plant propagation method that involves inserting a scion into a

stock so that they will form a union and grow together.

A. budding C. layering
B. grafting D. marcotting

5. Which of the following are considered as benefits of plant propagation

using scientific processes?

I. To increase the number of plant species.

II. To accelerate and the same time lessen the bearing
age of plants.
III. To avert the extinction of some plant species.
IV. Ensures low productivity of quality plants.
A. I and III C. 1 and II
B. I, II and III D. I,II,III and IV

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What I Know What's More
1. C A. C.
2. A 1. E 1. T
3. C 2. D 2. F
4. C 3. C 3. T
5. B 4. B 4. T
5. A 5. T
B.
1. C
2. E
3. G
4. B
5. K
6. H
7. I
8. L
9. A
10. D
11. F
12. J
What I Have Learned Assessment
1. Wrap 1. C
2. Moist 2. C
3. Vertical slit 3. D
4. Wear 4. B
5. increase 5. B
Answer Key
References
Banta, Evangeline S.,2008. Shaping Life Through HELE 6.Manila. Innovative
Educational Materials Inc.
Bilgera, Yolanda. 2016. HELE In The New Generation. Tarlac, City. Wizard
Publishing Haws, Inc.
Eustaquio, Ofelia, H., Go, Galileo, L., Manalo, Thea Joy, G. 2019. Toward A
Productive Life. Quezon City: Abiva Publishing House, Inc.
Gabay sa Kurikulum ng K-12, MELC. 2020. Pasig City: Department of
Education.

Peralta, Gloria A., Arsenue, Ruth, A., Ipolan, Catalina, R., Quiambao,
Yolanda, L., Ariola, Helenay Ann C. 2016. Life Skills Through TLE 6.
Quezon City Philippines: Vival Group, Inc.

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