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SPRINT CLASS-9TH ONE SHOT SERIES

Gravitation Practice Sheet

SECTION – A SECTION – B
Multiple Choice Questions (1 Marks each) Short Answer Questions (2 mark each)
1. What is the force of gravity between two objects 6. Explain what is meant by the term "gravitational
determined by? force."
(A) Mass of one object only
(B) Mass of both objects and the distance between 7. How does the value of gravitational acceleration (g)
them vary on different celestial bodies?
(C) Distance between the objects only
(D) None of the above
8. Explain the concept of free fall.

2. If the distance between two masses is doubled, how

9. Describe how the gravitational force between two
does the gravitational force between them change?
objects changes when the distance between them is
(A) It becomes half
increased.
(B) It remains the same
(C) It becomes four times
10. Why do astronauts experience weightlessness in
(D) It becomes one-fourth
space?

3. What is the value of acceleration due to gravity (g)

on the surface of the Earth? 11. How does the mass of an object influence its
gravitational force?
(A) 9.8 m/s²
(B) 6.7 m/s²
(C) 5.0 m/s² SECTION - C
(D) 12.5 m/s² Long Answer Question (3 Marks each)
12. Explain Kepler's laws of planetary motion.
4. If the mass of an object is doubled, how does its
weight change? 13. Discuss the concept of free fall and how it differs
(A) It becomes half from the motion of an object thrown horizontally.
(B) It remains the same
(C) It becomes double 14. Discuss the factors affecting the gravitational force
(D) It becomes four times between two objects.

5. What happens to the gravitational force between two SECTION - D

objects if the mass of one object is tripled?
Case-Based Questions (5 marks)
(A) The force becomes one-third
15. Weight on Different Planets
(B) The force becomes three times
Maya weighs 400 N on Earth. Calculate her weight
(C) The force remains the same
on Mars if the acceleration due to gravity on Mars is
(D) The force becomes nine times approximately 3.7 m/s².
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SECTION – E
Assertion and Reasoning (2 marks)
Direction: In the following questions, a statement of
assertion (A) is followed by a statement of reason (R).
Mark the correct choice as:
16. Assertion (A): The weight of an object on the Moon
is less than its weight on Earth.
Reason (R) : The gravitational acceleration on the
Moon is less than that on Earth.
(A) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct
explanation of A.
(B) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct
explanation of A.
(C) A is true, but R is false.
(D) A is false, but R is true.
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Answer Key
1. (B) 9. (Hints & solution)
2. (D) 10. (Hints & solution)
3. (A) 11 (Hints & solution)
4. (C) 12. (Hints & solution)
5. (B) 13 (Hints & solution)
6. (Hints & solution) 14. (Hints & solution)
7. (Hints & solution) 15. (Hints & solution)
8. (Hints & solution) 16. (A)

Hints & Solutions
1. (B)
Mass of both objects and the distance between them
2. (D)
It becomes one-fourth
3. (A)
9.8 m/s²
4. (C)
It becomes double
5. (B)
The force becomes three times
6. Gravitational force is the attractive force between
two objects with mass. It is responsible for the
weight of an object and is directly proportional to
the product of the masses of the two objects and
inversely proportional to the square of the distance
between their centers. The formula for gravitational
force is given by Newton's law of gravitation:
F = G⋅m1⋅m2/r2, where F is the gravitational force,
G is the gravitational constant, 1m1 and 2m2 are the
masses of the two objects, and r is the distance
between their centers.
7. The value of gravitational acceleration, denoted as
g, varies on different celestial bodies due to
differences in their masses and radii. On Earth, g is
approximately 9.8 m/s². It is less on celestial bodies
with smaller masses or larger radii, such as the
Moon (where g is about 1.6 m/s²) and more on
celestial bodies with larger masses or smaller radii,
such as Jupiter.
8. Free fall is the motion of an object solely under the
influence of gravity, with no other forces acting on
it. In a vacuum, all objects fall at the same rate
regardless of their masses. The acceleration due to
gravity (g) causes free fall, and near the surface of
the Earth, it is approximately 9.8 m/s². Objects in
free fall experience an increase in velocity and cover
equal distances in equal time intervals.
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9. According to Newton's law of gravitation, the
gravitational force between two objects is inversely
proportional to the square of the distance between
their centers. As the distance between two objects
increases, the gravitational force decreases.
Specifically, if the distance is doubled, the force
becomes one-fourth, and if the distance is tripled,
the force becomes one-ninth.
11. Astronauts experience weightlessness in space
because they are in a state of continuous free fall
around the Earth. While they are subject to the
gravitational force of the Earth, they are also
moving forward at a sufficient velocity that the
curvature of their trajectory matches the curvature of
the Earth. As a result, they are in a constant state of
falling towards Earth, creating a sensation of
weightlessness.
11 The mass of an object directly influences its
gravitational force. According to Newton's law of
gravitation, the force of gravity between two objects
is directly proportional to the product of their
masses. If the mass of one or both objects increases,
the gravitational force between them also increases.
This relationship is expressed in the formula
2F = G⋅r2m1⋅m2, where 1m1 and 2m2 are the masses
of the objects.
12. Kepler's laws of planetary motion describe the
motion of planets around the Sun.
• Kepler's First Law states that each planet
moves in an elliptical orbit with the Sun at one
of the two foci. This means that the orbit of a
planet is not a perfect circle but an elongated
ellipse.
• Kepler's Second Law, also known as the Law
of Equal Areas, states that a line segment
joining a planet and the Sun sweeps out equal
areas during equal intervals of time. This
implies that a planet moves faster when it is
closer to the Sun and slower when it is farther
away.
• Kepler's Third Law, also known as the Law of
Harmonies, establishes a mathematical
relationship between the orbital period of a
planet (T) and the semi-major axis of its orbit
(a). The square of the orbital period is directly
proportional to the cube of the semi-major axis,
expressed as T² ∝ a³.
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13 Free fall is the motion of an object solely under the 15. To calculate Maya’s weight on Mars, we can use the
influence of gravity, with no other forces acting on formula:
it. In free fall, the only acceleration acting on the Weight = mass × acceleration due to gravity
object is the acceleration due to gravity (9.8 m/s² on Maya’s weight on Mars (WMars) can be calculated
Earth), and the object experiences a constant using the formula:
acceleration downward. WMars = mass × gMars
When an object is thrown horizontally, it still Given that her weight on Earth (WEarth) is 400 N, we
experiences the force of gravity acting vertically can use the formula WEarth = mass × gEarth.
downward. However, it also has an initial horizontal Now, rearranging the formula to solve for mass:
velocity imparted by the throw. The vertical motion WEarth
is influenced by gravity, causing the object to fall mass
g Earth
vertically, while the horizontal motion continues at a
Substitute the values:
constant velocity. The resulting path is a curved
trajectory called a projectile motion. 400N
mass
9.8m/s2
14. The gravitational force between two objects is mass 40.82kg
determined by the masses of the objects and the WMars = 40.82 kg × 3.7 m/s2.
distance between their centers. Newton's law of WMars 150.89 N
universal gravitation expresses this relationship Therefore, Maya’s weight on Marsh is
mathematically as: approximately 150.89 N
F = G⋅m1⋅m2/r2
where:
• F is the gravitational force between the two 16. (A)
objects, The weight of an object is given by the formula W =
• G is the gravitational constant mg, where W is the weight, m is the mass, and g is
(6.67 × 10−11 Nm2/kg 26.67×10−11 Nm2/kg2), the acceleration due to gravity. On the Moon, the
• 1m1 and 2m2 are the masses of the two objects, value of 'g' is less than on Earth. This is because the
• r is the distance between the centers of the two Moon has less mass than Earth, and gravity is
masses. directly proportional to the mass of the celestial
Therefore, the factors affecting gravitational body. Therefore, the weight of an object on the
force are: Moon is less than its weight on Earth, and the reason
• Masses of the objects: Gravitational force is is that the gravitational acceleration on the Moon is
directly proportional to the product of the less.
masses. If one or both masses increase, the
gravitational force increases.
• Distance between the objects: Gravitational force
is inversely proportional to the square of the
distance between the centers of the masses. As
the distance increases, the gravitational force
decreases rapidly.
These factors highlight the universal nature of
gravity and its dependence on the masses and
separation of objects.

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