Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region VIII (Eastern Visayas)
DIVISION OF LEYTE
PALOMPON NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Senior High School Department
Central II, Palompon, Leyte
S.Y. 2020-2021
________________________________________________________________________________________

WEEKLY HOME LEARNING PLAN

LEARNING LEARNING TASK LEARNING COMPETENCY with CODE Mode of

AREA Delivery
GENERAL 1.  Calculate the moment of inertia about a given axis of single-object
PHYSICS 1 . and multiple-object systems.
Week 1 STEM_GP12RED-IIa-1
 Calculate the magnitude and direction of torque usig the definition Modular
of torque as a cross product.
Week 1 STEM_GP12RED-IIa-3*
 Describe rotational quantities using vectors.
Week 1 STEM_GP12RED-IIa-4
 Determine whether a system is in static equilibrium or not.
Week 1 STEM_GP12RED-IIa-5
Apply the rotational kinematic relations for systems with constant
angular accelerations.
Week 1 STEM_GP12RED-IIa-6
 Determine angular momentum of different systems.
Week 1 STEM_GP12RED-IIa-9
 Apply the torque-angular momentum relation.
Week 1 STEM_GP12RED-IIa-10
 Solve static equilibrium problems in contexts but not limited to see-
saws, cable-hinge-strut-system, leaning ladders, and weighing a
heavy suitcase using a small bathroom scale.
Week 1 STEM_GP12RED-IIa-8

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET orbital motion of small point-like objects where all the
Second Quarter mass is concentrated at one particular point at a given
(Week 1) radius,

I. Background Information Rotational inertia is given the symbol (I).

Lesson 1 : Inertia
What is inertia?
Inertia is the resistance an object has to change in its
state of motion.
What is moment of inertia?
Moment of intertia represents the object’s resistance to
change in angular velocity and is a property of any
object which can be rotated.
It appears in rotational motion and is the rotational
analogous of mass for linear motion, thus, the name
rotational inertia can also be applied.
For a single body such as shown in the figure above the
moment of inertia is just the mass times the square of
perpendicular distance to the rotation axis, For a single
body such as shown in the figure above the moment of
inertia is just the mass times the square of perpendicular
distance to the rotation axis, I =mr 2 Consequently,
rotational inertia has SI unit of kg . m 2 . Moment of inertia
is also called second moment of mass, where ‘second’
here refers to the length of the moment radius squared.
For example, a mass of 3.0 kg, which may be
considered to be a point mass, is attached to a string of
length 0.5 m and is being rotated. Calculate the moment
of inertia of the mass about the axis.

When a body is rotating around an axis, it has certain Solution:

amount of angular momentum and in order to stop the Given: m=3.0 kg
body from moving, a torque must be applied on it. The r= 0.5 m
amount of force needed to stop the rotating body is
proportional to the moment of inertia of the body. I =( 3.0 kg )( 0.5 m )2
I =0.75 kg . m2
Note that moment of inertia depends on how mass is Thus, the moment of inertia is equal to 0.75 kg . m 2 .
distributed around an axis of rotation, and will vary
depending on the chosen axis.
Multiple-object system In some cases, not all the mass is
How to calculate moment of inertia? concentrated at a single radius.
Single-object system For better
understanding, we will only examine the
1
For example, when you have an extended string with a IV. References
mass at different radius. The best way to calculate its 1.
moment of inertia is to sum up the contribution of each V. Answer Key
mass at each different radius.
Formative Assessment:
2 1
I =∑ mr
For example, using two point masses, say you have two
tennis balls and you want to know their combined I. Background Information
moment inertia. If you have a tennis ball at radius r 1 and Lesson: Torque
another at radius r 2, then the total moment of inertia is  What is Torque?
2 2 2
I =∑ mr = m(r ¿¿ 1 +r 2 )¿ Torque is actually a vector and its direction can be
found. And that is because torque is defined as the cross
Assume the mass of the tennis ball is 3.0 kg and radius product between the rotational force being applied and
r 1 equals to 2.0 m while radius r 2 equals 3.0 m. the radial distance from axis of rotation. And can be
written as: τ⃗ =⃗
F x ⃗r
Solution: Substitute,
Where,
2 2
I =( 3.0 kg )( 2.0 m ) + ( 3.0 m ) τ⃗ =Torque
F =rotational force being applied
⃗
2
I =39 kg . m r⃗ =radial distance
Thus, th total moment of inertia is 39 kg . m 2 So these are all vectors.
II. Exercises/Activities Torque can also be found by using the vector (cross)
A. Formative Assessment: (You may use scratch product of force F and the position vector r. Consider
paper. Not to be submitted.) the figure below.
1. A mass of 5 kg, which may be considered to be a
point mass, is attached to a string of length 0.8 m and
is being rotated. Calculate the moment of inertia of
the mass about the axis.
A. 0.78 kg . m 2 C. 3.20 kg . m 2
2
B. 0.75 kg . m D. 2.50 kg . m 2
2. What is the moment of inertia of a ball having a mass
of 2.0 kg and whirling around on a string with a length
of 0.6 m?
A. 3.22 kg . m 2 C. 0.82 kg . m 2
B. 0.72 kg . m 2
D. 2.52 kg . m 2 How to compute for the magnitude of Cross product?
The magnitude of the vector (cross) of two vectors A and
3. A mass of 1 kg, which can be considered to be a
point mass, is attached to a string of length 1.2 m B is defined as
and is being rotated. Calculate the moment of inertia follows:
of the mass about the axis.
A. 3.20 kg . m 2 C. 1.44 kg . m 2
B. 2.50 kg . m 2
D. 0.75 kg . m 2 In our example, th crpss product of F and r is: (see
4. What is the mass of a ball rotating around on a string figure)
with a length of 0.2 m when its moment of inertia is 5
Magnitude only
kg . m2 ?
A. 115 kg C. 110 kg
B. 120 kg D. 125 kg
5. Given the magnitude of the moment of inertia and
mass as 0.56 kg . m 2 and 5 kg, respectively.
Calculate the radius.
A. 2.1 m C. 1.67 m
B. 1.5 m D. 1.3 m
B. Evaluative Assessment: (Answer Immediately by
following the format given below in solving problems). Sample Problem 1
Use one whole sheet of paper. Submit this with the Find the magnitude of the cross product of the vectors r
Learning Material. and F in the figure shown below:
Directions: Answer and solve the given problems.
Follow the given format below to accumulate 5 r (radial distance) = 6 in.
points.
F (force) = 12 lb
3. What is the acceleration of a body that increases in
velocity from 20 m/s to 40 m/s in 3 seconds? ⊖ (angle) = 60°

III. Reflection. Write your answer in one whole sheet of

paper as where you have written your answers.
1.

2
How to determine the direction of Cross product?

The direction of a vector (cross) product is

defined by the right hand rule. The cross product a × b is
defined as a vector c that is perpendicular to both a and
b.

A x B = C (up) B x A = -C (Down)

Curl fingers of right hand in direction of cross product (A

to B) or (B to A). Thumb will point in the direction of
product C.

What are the magnitude and direction of the cross

product, r x F? (Consider the figure below). r = 6 in. F =
10 lb ⊖ (angle) = 50°

Magnitude = 38.8 lb in. Direction = by right hand rule, out

of paper (thumb) or +k.

I. BACKGROUND INFORMATION

Lesson:

3
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region VIII (Eastern Visayas)
DIVISION OF LEYTE
PALOMPON NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Senior High School Department
Central II, Palompon, Leyte
S.Y. 2020-2021
________________________________________________________________________________________

WEEKLY HOME LEARNING PLAN

LEARNING LEARNING TASK LEARNING COMPETENCY with CODE Mode of

AREA Delivery
GENERAL 1.  Use Newton’s law of gravitation to infer gravitational force,
PHYSICS 1 . weight, and acceleration due to gravity.
Week 2 STEM_GP12G-IIb- 16
 Discuss the physical significance of gravitational field. Modular
Week 2 STEM_GP12Red-IIb- 18
 Apply the concept of gravitational potential energy in physics
problems. Week 2 STEM_GP12Red-IIb- 19
 Calculate quantities related to planetary or satellite motion.
Week 2 STEM_GP12Red-IIb- 20 *

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET
Second Quarter
(Week 2)
I. Background Information
Lesson
 What is Newton’s law of gravitation?
Newton's law of gravitation is best known as Newton’s
law of universal gravitation due to the universality of
gravity. Newton discovered that gravity is universal as all
object attract each other with a force of gravitational
attraction. Thus, gravity is the attractive pull between two
objects that have mass. This law states that every two
particles attract one another with a force that is
proportional to the product of their masses and inversely
proportional to the square of the distance between them.
Mass is the measure of how much material or matter is
in an object.
Weight is a measure of gravitational force exerted on an
object due to gravity.
Thus, mass and weight are proportional to each other
with the acceleration due to gravity as proportionality
constant.
W = mg
Where,
W represents the weight of an object
m represents the mass of an object
g represents the acceleration due to gravity as
proportionality constant.

For example, if we transported an object from earth with

where, mass m to the surface of the moon, the weight W of an
F grav represents the force of gravity between two object will change due to different gravitational
acceleration. But the mass m on both surface is just the
objects
same.
∝ means “proportional to”
Thus, we can say that weight depends on the location of
m 1represents the mass of object the object.

 What is acceleration due to gravity?

m 2represents the mass of object
d represents the distance separating the objects’
centers
The force that attracts any object with mass is what we
called gravitational force.
Since it is directly proportional to the masses of both
interacting objects, then, as the mass of either object
increases, the force of gravitational attraction between
them also increases.
And since it is inversely proportional to the square of the
separation distance between the two interacting objects,
more separation distance will result in weaker
gravitational forces.
Theoretically, object allowed to fall freely was found to
fall at the same rate regardless of its mass and air
resistance being negligible.
This free falling object is under the influence of gravity
and its velocity increased at a steady rate, thus, acquired
acceleration.
Acceleration due to gravity is the acceleration gained by
an object due to gravitational force.
The acceleration due to gravity at the surface of earth is
represented as g. Its SI unit is m/s2 and has a standard
value of 9.80665 m/s2.
From Newton’s second law F = mg

 What is mass and weight? And Newton’s law of universal gravity,

4
We can calculate g theoretically. Deriving the two
equations resulted to the formula of acceleration due to
gravity. g=¿GM
d
2¿ EXAMPLES DEMONSTRATING THE PHYSICAL
SIGNIFICANCE OF GRAVITATIONAL FIELD
Note that acceleration due to gravity varies with altitude, 1. EARTH AND MOON
depth and latitude.
 The Earth and Moon exert a
I. Background Information force, or pull, on each other
Lesson even though they are not in
 What is Gravitational Field? contact. In other words, the
two bodies interact with one
A gravitational field is a force field that exists in the another's gravitational field.
space around every mass or group of masses. This field
extends out in all directions, but the magnitude of the
gravitational force decreases as the distance from the 2. EARTH AND SATELLITE
object increases.
 The interaction of the
It is measured in units of force per mass, usually Earth and a satellite in
Newtons per kilogram (N/kg). orbit around it.

A gravitational field is a type of force field and is From these examples, Newton
analogous to electric and magnetic fields for electrically developed the law of universal
charged particles and magnets, respectively. gravitation (discussed in previous
chapters).
The gravitational field varies slightly at the Earth's
surface. For example: I. BACKGROUND INFORMATION
 What is Gravitational Potential Energy?
 The field is slightly stronger than average over Gravitational potential energy
subterranean lead deposits. Large caverns that is the energy stored in an
may be filled with natural gas have a slightly object as the result of its
weaker gravitational field. Geologists and vertical position or height.
prospectors of oil and minerals make precise
measurements of the Earth's gravitational field The mass and height of an object is directly proportional
to predict what may be beneath the surface. to gravitational potential energy. This relationship is
expressed by the following equation:
SHOWING GRAVITATIONAL FIELD AROUND AN PE grav =m. g . h .
OBJECT

There are two ways of showing the gravitational field where:

around an object: PE grav = gravitational potential energy
m = mass of an object
 With Arrows and h = height of the object
 Field lines g = gravitational field strength (earth = 9.8 m/s2)
(Both of these are shown in the picture below.)
Note: This formula is useful for objects near the earth.
WITH ARROWS
Sample Problem No. 1
 Arrows show the
magnitude and direction of Calculate the gravitational potential energy of a skydiver
the force at different points with a mass of 60 kg about to jump out of a plane at an
in space. The longer the altitude of 4500m?
arrow, the greater the Given: PEgrav = ?
magnitude m = 60 kg
g = 9.8 m/s 2
WITH FIELD LINES h = 4500 m
The figure shows the gravitational
PE grav =m. g . h
field lines around the Earth. Substitute:
PEgrav = (60 kg) (9.8m . s2 ) (4500 m)
PEgrav =( 2646000 kg . m/s 2 ¿ or 2646000 J
 Field lines show the PEgrav = 2646 kJ
direction the force would
act on an object placed at that point in space.  How does gravitational potential energy work
The magnitude of the field is represented by the in the context of object in space?
spacing of the lines. The closer the lines are to The general expression for gravitational potential energy
each other, the higher the magnitude. See figure arises from the law of gravity and is equal to the work
below. done against gravity to bring a mass to a given point in
space. Because of the inverse square nature of the
gravity force, the force approaches zero for large
distances, and it makes sense to choose the zero of
gravitaional potential energy at an infinite distance away.

5
The gravitational potential energy near a planet is then
negative, since gravity does positive work as the mass
approaches. This negative potential is indicative of a
"bound state"; once a mass is near a large body, it is
trapped until something can provide enough energy to
allow it to escape. The general form of the gravitational
potential energy of mass m is:

where:
U = gravitational potential energy
G = gravitational constant (6.673 x 10-11 N m2/kg2)
m e = mass of earth (5.97 x 1024kg)
m = mass of the object
r = distance between the body of mass and the centre
of earth.
Note: this is the form of gravitational potential energy
which is the most useful for calculating escape velocity

Sample Problem 1
What is the minimum energy that would be required to
get a 60 kg student completely out of the Earth’s
gravitational field? Radius of earth= 6.371 x 106 km ,
G= ¿ 6.673 x 10−11 N m 2 /kg2 m e =5.97 x 1024 kg .

Given:
U=?
m=60 kg
me =5.97 x 1024 kg
g=9.8 m / s2
r=6.371 x 106 km.

Substitute,

(6.673 x 10−11 N . m 2 /kg2 )(5.97 x 1024 kg)(60 kg)

U= -
6.371 x 106 km .
2.390 x 10 16
U=
6.371 x 106 km
U= -3.75 x 109 J

To get the student away from the Earth’s field

completely, it will require taking him to infinity where his
GPE will be zero. Thus we need to give him at least 3.8
x 109 J of energy somehow