Properties of Circles

Plane Geometry (II)

Item Figure Given Condition Deduction Reference
1A OM ⊥ AB AM = MB perpendicular from
O centre to chord
bisects chord
A B
M
1B AM = MB OM ⊥ AB line joining centre
O to mid-pt of chord
⊥ chord
A B
M
1C CM ⊥ AB and CM passes ⊥ bisector of chord
O AM = MB through centre O passes through
C centre
A B
M
2A A AB = CD OM = ON equal chords,
M
O equidistant from
B
centre
C D
N
2B A OM = ON AB = CD chords equidistant
M
O
from centre are
B
equal
C D
N
3A P The angle at centre ( ∠AOB ) and ∠AOB = 2∠APB
the angle at circumference
O ( ∠APB ) are subtended by the
B same arc AB
A

3B P The angle at centre (reflex reflex ∠AOB ∠ at centre twice

∠AOB ) and the angle at = 2∠APB ∠ at circumference
A O B circumference ( ∠APB ) are
subtended by the same major arc
AB
3C The angle at centre ( ∠AOB ) and ∠AOB = 2∠APB
P
O the angle at circumference
( ∠APB ) are subtended by the
A B same arc AB

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 Properties of Circles

Item Figure Given Condition Deduction Reference

4A P AB is a diameter ∠APB = 90° ∠ in semi-circle

O
A B

4B P ∠APB = 90° AB is a diameter converse of ∠ in

semi-circle
O
A B

5 P Both angles at ∠APB = ∠AQB ∠s in the same

Q
circumference ∠APB and segment
∠AQB lie in the same
O
segment
A B

6A B D
O ∠AOB = ∠COD AB = CD equal ∠s, equal arcs

A C
6B B D
O AB = CD ∠AOB = ∠COD equal arcs, equal ∠s

A C
7A B D
O ∠AOB = ∠COD AB = CD equal ∠s, equal
chords

A C
7B B AB = CD ∠AOB = ∠COD equal chords, equal
D
O ∠s

A C

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 Properties of Circles

Item Figure Given Condition Deduction Reference

8A B D
O AB = CD AB = CD equal chords, equal
arcs

A C
8B B equal arcs, equal
D
O AB = CD AB = CD chords

A C
9
D
B O ∠AOB : ∠COD = m : n AB : CD = m : n arcs prop. to ∠s at
m n centre

A C
10 B
A
C ∠APB : ∠BPC = x : y AB : BC = x : y arcs prop. to ∠s at
circumference
xy

11 R PQRS is a cyclic ∠SPQ + ∠SRQ = 180° opp. ∠s, cyclic quad.

quadrilateral and
S ∠PSR + ∠PQR = 180°
Q
P

12 R PQRS is a cyclic ∠PSR = ∠RQK ext. ∠, cyclic quad.

quadrilateral
S
K
Q
P

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 Properties of Circles

Item Figure Given Condition Deduction Reference

13 ∠SPQ + ∠SRQ = 180° P, Q, R and S are opp. ∠s supp.
R
or concyclic
∠PSR + ∠PQR = 180° (i.e. PQRS is a
S
cyclic
Q quadrilateral)
P
14 R ∠PSR = ∠RQK P, Q, R and S are ext. ∠ = int. opp. ∠
concyclic
S (i.e. PQRS is a
K cyclic
Q
P quadrilateral)
15 S R ∠PSQ = ∠PRQ P, Q, R and S are converse of ∠s in the
concyclic same segment
(i.e. PQRS is a
cyclic
P Q quadrilateral)

16A AB is the tangent to AB ⊥ OP tangent ⊥ radius

O the circle at P

A B
P
16B AB ⊥ OP AB is the tangent converse of tangent
O to the circle at P ⊥ radius

A B
P

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 Properties of Circles

Item Figure Given Condition Deduction Reference

17A P PT and QT are PT = QT
tangents to the
O
T circle

Q
17B P PT and QT are ∠POT = ∠QOT
tangents to the
O T circle tangent properties

Q
17C P PT and QT are ∠PTO = ∠QTO
tangents to the
O T circle

Q
18A Two circles touch O, A and O' are collinear
O A O' externally at point i.e. OO' = OA + AO'
A
property of two
18B Two circles touch O, B and O' are collinear touching circles
internally at point i.e. OO' = OB − BO'
O O' B B

19A Q AB is the tangent ∠PQR = ∠BPR and ∠ in alt. segment

R to the circle at P ∠APQ = ∠PRQ

A B
P
19B Q ∠PQR = ∠BPR AB is the tangent to the converse of ∠ in alt.
R circle at P segment

A B
P

Remarks
Items 1 – 19 are for Secondary Four level.

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