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Private 5G 1
Private 5G 1
Industrial Networks
An analysis of Use Cases and Deployment
June 2023
Digital Industries
This activity includes advancing policy, Through a series of forums, activity work
tackling today’s biggest societal streams and events including MWC, the
challenges, underpinning the technology GSMA Digital Industries community aims to:
and interoperability that make mobile
work, and providing the world’s largest • Understand the business and operational
platform to convene the mobile ecosystem needs required from across the industrial
at the MWC and M360 series of events. value chain.
Introduction 7
Overview 8
Scope 9
Objective 10
3GPP on private networks 11
Benefits of 5G private networks 12
Why 5G in Industry 4.0? 13
Definitions 17
Abbreviations 18
Conclusions 58
Private Network deployment choices 59
References 60
Executive
summary
The industrial sector is undergoing a
major generational shift. Industry 4.0, the
digitisation of the sector, is set to create
far more flexible, efficient and sustainable
production lines. Mobile technologies, such
as 5G IoT, underpin this transformation
by enabling industrial and manufacturing
companies and their supply chain partners
to use emerging technologies, such as AI
and machine vision, wirelessly. As a result,
they have vastly improved visibility and
control over all aspects of their business.
Increasingly, the industrial sector is looking
to obtain exclusive access to network
resources using private networks.
Executive summary 5
GSMA Digital Industries
GSMA Digital Industries is a community of needs across the industrial value chain,
network operators, industrial organisations identify innovation and collaboration
and the wider ecosystem which is working opportunities with members, tackle the
together to advance the adoption of barriers to digital transformation in the
mobile technologies in the industrial and sector, share key knowledge, insights and
manufacturing sectors. Through collaboration innovation ideas with stakeholders and
and shared objectives, the forum aims to drive new relationships with the wider
understand the business and operational ecosystem to achieve global success.
the business innovation and the barriers key knowledge, new relationships
and operational collaboration to digital insights and with the wider
needs across opportunities transformation innovation ideas ecosysytem to
the industrial with members in the sector with stakeholders achieve global
value chain success
Source: GSMA
Acknowledgements
The document has been created thanks to the
following contributing Digital Industries Members.
Executive summary 6
Introduction
Overview
Aimed at industrial enterprises and been around for some time. Increasingly, the
operational technology companies, this industrial and manufacturing sectors view
document will provide analysis and guidelines private networks as important to achieve the
for 5G private networks, deployment options, speed, security, privacy, bandwidth and low-
use cases and high-level requirements. The latency connectivity required for their digital
document draws on previous GSMA studies transformation and Industry 4.0 ambitions.
[1] and GSMA 5G industry campus network
deployment guideline [2]. The document uses examples from different
industrial sectors to illustrate different
Crucially, 5G delivers low-latency and deployment needs based on local regulatory
high bandwidth wireless connectivity. rules and business requirements. It also
Enterprises from across the industrial discusses the benefits of using 5G networks
value chain, including raw material as a unifying technology which can meet
extraction, refining, supply chain, component many Industry 4.0 wireless networking needs,
production, assembly and warehousing, including wide coverage and interoperability
can all harness the benefits of these new with legacy devices and networks.
technologies. The GSMA 5G Transformation
Hub1 provides a catalogue of 5G case The GSMA has previously published a paper
study examples across a range of sectors on the technical and operational differences
including smart manufacturing. of Wi-Fi and 5G/4G Industry 4.0 networks [3],
which discusses how 5G cellular technology is
The concept of an enterprise having particularly suitable for a range of Industry
exclusive access to a private network has 4.0 use cases.
1 gsma.com/5ghub/
Introduction 8
Scope
This document’s scope is as follows:
Introduction 9
Objective
The primary objective of this document • Private networks providers and MNOs
is to investigate the mutual benefits for to understand industrial enterprises’
both information and communication requirements for quality of service
technology (ICT) and operational technology and mobility.
(OT) in the integration of 5G networks
into industrial premises, while keeping • Management of the 5G network
a focus on 3GPP standards development across NPNs, including public network
and practical business objectives. integrated NPNs.
The document aims to help: The document should also provide readers
with a basic understanding of today’s end-to-
• The OEMs/vendors to comply with end 5G private networks offerings.
enterprise requirements.
Introduction 10
3GPP on Private
Networks
To support private networks, 3GPP
developed the non-public networks
concept in 5G for:
Introduction 11
Benefits of 5G Private Networks
The industry 4.0 concept introduces cost savings. This paper will primarily discuss
cellular wireless connectivity into industrial the operational and technical benefits of 5G
networks. Private wireless networks provide for increasing the efficiency of the industrial
a number of advantages to an industrial sector and the transition to Industry 4.0.
operator or enterprise, including ultra-low
latency, privacy, security and aggregation For example, without cellular wireless
of high-bandwidth data, while modernising connectivity, a device needs to be connected
the manufacturing lines by enabling them with a long Ethernet cable, making it difficult
to share equipment, mobile robots and to move it across the manufacturing floor.
Automated Guided Vehicles (AGVs) at Another advantage of a private network
different times. is that the data plane of the 5G system
can be on site so customer data need
The following diagrams (Figure 2) from 5G never leave the industrial owner’s premises.
Americas [4] illustrate the development of Most mobile network operators can support
the addressable market for private networks private networks with secure access to their
in different industry sectors over time [5] and public networks.
estimate the revenue opportunities.
A private network can be standalone with
As Figure 2 indicates, manufacturing private spectrum, or it can use national
industries will be significant users of licenced spectrum or unlicenced spectrum
private networks to generate revenues and depending on the applications employed.
Figure 2 | The addressable market and revenue opportunities for 5G private networks
Utilities
Oil and gas 80
Mining Middle East and Africa
Manufacturing* 70 Asia-Pacific Developing
Warehousing* Asia-Pacific Developed
Transportation China
Retail/Wholesale* 60 Latin America
Public and Enterprise venues* North America
Healthcare* 50 Europe
40
30
20
10
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030
Introduction 12
Why 5G in Industry 4.0 ?
Multiple wireless technologies exist today 1) A flexible virtualised infrastructure
for local networks. The GSMA previously with licenced and unlicenced spectrum
produced an analysis of the difference coverage and management of the network
between Wi-Fi and 5G [3]. While Wi-Fi 6 via network slicing, standard API, analytics
claims to support Industry 4.0 services, 5G functions with feedback control and a
provides better reliability and continuous scalable microservices architecture.
connectivity if the radio coverage is well-
designed. Wi-Fi 6, which can use the 2.4 2) Greater wireless coverage, reliable service,
GHz, 5 GHz and 6 GHz spectrum bands, inbuilt security and authentication
is designed for indoor and local area features, ultra-low latency and time-
networks, but industrial networks require synchronisation services.
highly reliable connectivity both indoors
and outdoors, which 5G cellular technology Moreover, 3GPP 5G infrastructure
is able to provide. Future cellular components go through a compulsory
technologies beyond 5G will provide certification and integration test process.
further performance and automation
benefits for advanced industrial networks. Figure 3 shows the current and future 5G
functionalities identified by the 5G-ACIA
Thus, 3GPP 5G networks offer two distinct (5G Alliance for Connected Industries and
benefits to industrial enterprises: Automation) [6] for 5G smart factories
and process automation. Not all of the
functionalities shown in Figure 3 may be
available in the market today, but 3GPP
R16 has tried to address many of them and
5G Advanced will address most of them.
Introduction 13
Figure 3 | 5G functions that are useful for factories and process industries
Type /
Functionality Examples
Component
Deployment Non-public Standalone: NPN and PLMN are deployed on a separate network
networks infrastructure
Hosted: NPN is hosted completely or in pan on in part on PLMN
infrastructure
ln~rated: NPN 5G network is integrated into a larger non-3GPP
communication network such as an IEEE 802 based network
Slicing and isolation Based on a physical network that might be operated by a public
operator or an enterprise 5G providers the means to run multiple
virtual networks (called slices) for different communication
purposes. 5G allows to run those slices independently and if
desired isolated from each other
lnterworking Seamless integration 5G can be integrated with wired technologies on the same
machine or production line
Source: 5G-ACIA
Introduction 14
5G provides EAP AKA (extensible Certification Forum (GCF) in Europe and/or
authentication protocol authentication the PTCRB in the USA also perform device
and key agreement) authentication-based certification. 3GPP device and equipment
security and offers 5G system-wide security manufacturers are responsible for having
as part of the 5G network and global their products certified by an accredited
identity of devices. Wi-Fi 6 uses the EAP certification test laboratory. Additionally,
framework and device identity management MNOs maintain their own certification
at the local level. A 5G private network programmes for device acceptance in their
also supports Ultra Reliable Low Latency networks. Thus, 5G devices and network
Communication (URLLC) and network equipment have been tested for security,
slicing for application isolation. performance and high quality before they
are deployed in the MNO’s network.
Each 5G device and network component is
tested and certified through an extensive Typical industrial process and
process of standardisation and testing. manufacturing applications include process
3GPP has an extensive process for test automation and control, controller-to-
specification for device features and controller communication, sensors’ data
network standards and performance. aggregation and on-premises processing
3GPP RAN and interoperability tests for taking appropriate action quickly,
are defined by GSMA, while the actual asset management, mobile robots and
certification tests are executed by Global AGV management.
User Position
experience Battery life accuracy
data rate
Strong privacy,
99.999%
1-10 ms security and
(of time) purification
Source: 5G-ACIA
Introduction 15
5G private networks can offer wireless, 5G can enable a large variety of use cases
secure, reliable, low-latency, time-sensitive in many different domains, functions and
abilities for device-to-device and device- industries. Telcos can take the opportunity
to-applications services along with access presented by enterprise demand for private
to the authorised PLMN devices inside 5G networks to expand their footprint, and
the private networks. Figure 4 lists the their range of services and lines of revenue,
3GPP-defined 5G target key performance by combining network data with industry-
indicators that satisfy most of the Industry specific data, analytics and predictions in
4.0 network requirements shown in Figure 2. order to provide end-to-end quality and
performance insights.
Businesses are increasingly looking for
real-time, distributed and interconnected Provided by Teradata, Figure 5 illustrates
analytics. The 5G architecture and the 5G networks analytics, service analytics
ecosystem can provide a scalable data and analytics data captured by a cloud
analytics platform to unify and orchestrate platform. The analytics data provides a
analytics across all vertical applications useful indication of network and service
to manage end-to-end services and their performance for industrial operators and
respective SLAs. enterprises. The diagram shows a number of
analytics services from multiple applications
from different industrial sectors.
Figure 5 | 5G Network and industrial applications analytics services – an example of a cloud analytics platform
Industry Analytics Services for Enterprise Customer 5G Private Network Analytics for Telco
Predictive Video Chaotic Failure Logistic
Analysis & QA Analytics Warehouse Prevention optimisation Network Observed Service
Performance Experience
RFID IOT 5G
5G Connectivity Data
Source: Teradata
Introduction 16
Definitions
Term Description
5G Massive IoT 5G Massive IoT refers to narrowband IoT (NB-IoT) and LTE-M IoT-connected devices,
such as sensors, actuators and other smart devices working with the 5G network system.
5G NSA 5G non-standalone core architecture where a 5G radio network is used with a 4G LTE
core architecture.
Core 3GPP defined system and services through network interfaces, control and administrative
functions and their interfaces toward the applications.
Network 3GPP has introduced the concept of end-to-end virtual networks within an operator’s
network. A network slice is a logical network that runs on top of the shared physical
Slicing infrastructure and provides isolation of services with required QoS.
NPN NPN or non-public network is the term 3GPP uses to refer to private 5G networks
tailored to different vertical industries. The implementation and placement of the
3GPP network functions and application functions vary due to the vertical industry
requirements. A NPN is made possible by the distributed and service-based
architecture (SBA) in 3GPP 5G (starting from R15). A NPN can be offered by a
mobile network operator or a third-party service provider. NPNs can be standalone
or integrated with a public network.
NWDAF The network data analytics function is defined in 3GPP TS 23.501. This new function
collects data from different 5G core functions, user data, user equipment, 5G edge
cloud, operation and maintenance functions and analyses them to observe the network
behaviour and provides insight into the 5G core network. This function is able to send
the feedback data to the relevant 5G system for correcting service performance.
MEC Multi-access edge computing is a cloud infrastructure platform with storage, computing
and network connectivity located near the data source and processing of applications.
MNC A PLMN is identified by a globally unique PLMN code, which consists of a MCC (Mobile
Country Code) and MNC (Mobile Network Code).
PNI-NPN A PNI-NPN is another configuration of NPN where the private network is connected and
integrated with the MNO’s PLMN network, typically using the national licenced spectrum.
The MNO and the industrial operator may agree on placement of the user-data plane
on-site and the RAN could be made private for the enterprise. In this case, the MNO
uses 5G network slicing to offer isolation and security protection of customer data and
control messages. A PNI-NPN is useful when enterprise applications do not require
critically low latency operations. This option is favoured when the industrial owner does
not have the capacity to run 5G operations in-house and maintain the quality of their
own vertical products and services.
PTCRB PTCRB certification verifies compliance with global industry standards for wireless
cellular devices. It works closely with Global Certification Forum (GCF).
RAN 3GPP radio access network that specifies the air interface and connects the cellular
devices to the core network.
SNPN A standalone NPN, which is deployed in an enterprise location, isolates the 5G core,
RAN, devices and device and user information. In the strict sense, the SNPN can be
completely isolated from any connectivity to an external network. However, it can be
connected with a PLMN network for emergency communications and for selected
devices that are registered with a PLMN network in dual mode communication. A SNPN
is normally owned and operated by the enterprise owner without any dependency on a
PLMN network. The SNPN 5G on-site service may be offered by an MNO or a third-party
5G service provider. In some cases, industrial operators may choose to design, install
Spectrum When the energy at one frequency appears to leak out into all other frequencies. See
Wikipedia for a detailed technical description
Leakage
UPF User data plane function in 5G Core as defined in 3GPP TS 23.501.
URLLC Ultra-reliable low-latency communication is introduced in 3GPP 5G. This capability will be
useful for Industry 4.0 and self-driving vehicles in particular. Typically, a URLLC radio and
network service promises to ensure network latency of less than 1ms and the reliability of
more than 99.999% for data transmission. URLLC has yet to be launched in the market.
Introduction 17
Abbreviations
3GPP Third Generation Partnership Project
5G-ACIA 5G Alliance for Connected Industries and Automation
AI/ML Artificial intelligence/machine language
API Application programming interface
CBRS Citizen Broadband Radio Service (Range: 3.55-3.70 GHz)
eSIM Embedded SIM
LiDAR Light detection and ranging
MEC Multi access edge computing
mmWave Millimetre wave frequency band. High band radio (Range 30-300 GHz)
MNC Mobile network code
MNO Mobile network operator
NPN Non-public networks (a 3GPP term introduced with 5G Core specification)
NHN Neutral host network
NSA 5G non-standalone core (it uses 5G-NR as radio and a 4G core network)
O&M Operation and maintenance
OT Operational technology
PN Private network
PNI-NPN Public network integrated NPN
RAN Radio access network
RedCap 5G reduced capability devices
SBI Service based interface
SLAM Simultaneous localisation and mapping
SNPN Standalone non-public network
UE User equipment (user device)
UICC Universal integrated circuit card (sometimes known as the SIM card)
UL Uplink
UPF User plane function
PLMN Public land mobile network
IMS IP multimedia services, as defined by 3GPP
EAP AKA Extensible authentication protocol – authentication and key agreement
ITU-R International Telecommunication Union – Radio communication sector
SI Service integrator
CUPS Control and user plane separation of 3GPP systems
WAN Wide area network
SDWAN Software defined wide area network
DAS Distributed antenna system
AGV Automated guided vehicle
AMR Autonomous mobile robot
PLC Programmable logic controller
Introduction 18
Types of
Private Networks
Standalone NPN
Public Network
Subscriber’s 5G Core 5G Core Services
Database Control Plane User Plans
Operational Connection
Private Network
5G gNB
There are a several types of private networks 3) Public network integrated
Local path private networks
discussed in many industry groups. Many of using RAN and control sharing
Subscriber’s 5G Core 5G Core
them originated from 5G ACIA NPN White Database Control Plane User Plane
Services
Firewall
Paper [8] and 3GPP 5G Specification [9]. 4) Public network integrated private networks
using
PNI-NPN end-to-end
using RAN Sharingnetwork slicing
1) Standalone private networks without any Public Network
5G gNB 5G gNB
Operational Connection
5G gNB 5G gNB
5G gNB
Private Network
5G gNB
shared
Services
FW/NAT Level 1
IT Enterprise
Domain
ERP/MES L2/L3
OT Production OT
Domain Compute Production
Domain
L2C L2/L3
Line C/M
C2C
C/M C/M
C2D
Figure 8 | Isolated SNPN: 5G Core components and RAN, Apps, Storage are all in the Enterprise
Enterprise Premise
N4 N6
Data
AUSF NRF SMF UPF
Netwk
SBI
N3
Source: Verizon
Figure 8 shows 5G core components and they will require software upgrades
and RAN all located inside the enterprise and integration with different components
without any PLMN connection. The 5G core of the network. Unlicenced spectrum
components contain both control and data coverage may be insufficient, so there
plane functions. Multiple radios are possible may be a need for an MNO or third party
in one SNPN. As discussed above, an to integrate spectrum coverage for a
enterprise may contain different domains. larger space. There is a chance of
spectrum leakage (where the energy
While an isolated SNPN provides autonomy, from one frequency leaks out into other
data privacy, low latency, local wireless and frequencies) when shared spectrum is
availability of 5G operations with in-house used and when it is not managed by
networks and devices, it can come with a trusted entity, such as a large MNO.
a few challenges. These networks require For those reasons, small and medium
regular maintenance and QoS validation of enterprises typically invite an MNO or a
the connection. There is the possibility of system integrator to install and manage
security attacks and leaks of radio signals, the 5G private network services for them.
Figure 9 | PNI-NPN (option 2) Data plane inside the Enterprise and control plane may reside close-by or
on-premise
Enterprise
Internet Data N6 PNI-NPN
Data Plane
Public (Optional)
PLMN 5G Netwk PLMN managed
Enterprise
Control plane APP 5G Control plane
N3
5G Private Network
PLMN 5g Macro Storage PNI-NPN (Enterprise
GNB location)
Source: Verizon
Type of private
Industrial Service provider Service provider
networks/
enterprise roles type and offerings roles
ownership
SNPN delivered as Provides requirements to An MNO is hired by the Managed service and
a managed service the MNO enterprise to install, design provision of spectrum,
by an MNO and support the 5G SNPN. as needed
The MNO may need to
provide spectrum and the
deployment may use RAN
sharing.
SNPN delivered as a The enterprise may use The third party provides Managed service without
managed service by spectrum it has licenced software and hardware, licenced spectrum
a third party, such as itself locally or it may use radio and management of
an equipment vendor, unlicenced spectrum, such 5G SNPN, but it does not
software or cloud as CBRS General Access provide licenced spectrum
vendors or an MNO
Or jointly by MNO and The enterprise and MNO An MNO might also provide The enterprise and MNO
enterprise as per SLA may split the device edge services or other may split the device
management roles compute services through management roles
its partners/vendors
Backhaul
Network
MNO 1 MNO 2
RAN Cabinet
MNO 3 or
RAN Cluster 1 Private LTE
Source: 5G-PPP
Examples of Private
Networks suppliers
Private network suppliers vary in size and worldwide footprints and can access
roots from different industries. They come licenced spectrum through collaboration
from different backgrounds in terms of MNOs. Other vendors, such as Huawei
expertise and range from telco equipment and ZTE, have a significant presence in
vendors to start-ups and cloud vendors. China providing services to enterprises.
Some of them have worldwide coverage
with their service offerings, while others 4. Cloud providers (hyperscalers) such as
focus on specific regions only. Amazon Web Services, Google Cloud
Platform and Microsoft Azure are offering
1. MNOs, including Verizon, AT&T, Telefonica, 5G private network (SNPN) integrated
Orange, KPN, Deutsche Telecom and NTT with their edge computing solutions.
Docomo, provide licenced 5G spectrum.
Many of them provide or plan to provide 5. Chipset and module companies, including
private network (SNPN and/or PNI-NPN) Qualcomm, NXP, Intel and ARM, are
solutions to enterprise customers. working with equipment vendors and
communication service providers/MNOs to
2. Private vendors, such as CTS, Boingo and meet the requirements for 5G Industry 4.0.
Betacom, offer products and services such
as ‘5G-as-a-Service’ (5GaaS). 6. Start-ups and small companies such as
Cradlepoint, Sierra Wireless and Druid
3. Equipment vendors such as Nokia, Software are offering 5G private networks,
Huawei, ZTE, Ericsson, Cisco, Samsung typically focusing on specific industries,
and Fujitsu also have 5G SNPN network based on their expertise in networking,
products. Nokia and Ericsson have infrastructure and system integration.
Multi-factory deployments
A NPN network can be deployed in multiple
geographical locations. Again, the different
deployment models described above will
drive the associated design pattern:
Fully dedicated
A single 5G packet core can be used to
manage the different factories from one
centralised location. In this case, only a RAN
network will be deployed in the satellite
sites (managed by the central site). In the
transportation industry, for example, a
complementary edge appliance or local
breakout solution (LBO) may be deployed
on the remote satellite sites allowing for local
transport of the data on the satellite site
network. The edge or LBO solutions are used
when a local data centre is hosting the local
applications or to lower the overall latency.
Hybrid edge 5G
The centralised management plane, which
is hosted in the cloud, manages the 5G
edge cores deployed in each factory.
The main difference with the previous
deployment type is the fact that each
factory has a complete 5G core centrally
managed in the cloud.
Though they are meant to be isolated, and Connected factories may require regional
no data plane is accessible from outside or international connectivity. Local and
the SNPN, 3GPP may look into creating regional connectivity among the factories
standards for SNPN-to-SNPN connectivity is possible via 5G wireless fixed access
or SNPN-to-MNO Public Network (FWA) or wired connectivity in order to
connectivity and vice versa to support dual handle security, bandwidth and speed.
access to a user or sharing equipment on When the factories are placed in different
multiple sites. This communication can countries, the local spectrum availability
be provided securely by MNOs by packet and policies may require adopting different
routing based on the network ID assigned private network deployment models in two
to the SNPN and with robust authentication different locations.
1. Self-assignment
NIDs shall be chosen by SNPNs at
deployment time from a selected number
space as defined in 3GPP TS 23.003
(may not be unique and non-routable).
2. Coordinated assignment
NIDs are assigned using one of the
following two options:
a. unique number independent of
PLMN-ID.
b. A combination of the PLMNID and NID
which is a globally unique number.
Figure 12 | Example use cases mapped to deployment model options and application categories
Industrial
use cases Deployment Application
deployment Comments
model options Category
using private
networks
Automated SNPN, PNI-NPN option 2 Factory and process Can be enhanced
guided vehicles automation with edge computing,
network slicing
Campus networks
Requires mobility indoor
Industrial crane and outdoor
operation automation
Ports, Airports SNPN and PNI-NPN Logistics, monitoring, Will involve data collection
depending on use-cases tracking, data collection across distributed
process automation operations and inter-private
network connectivity
Smart tools, XR SNPN, PNI-NPN option 2 Digital twin and human Requires on-site
applications machine interface processing, storage,
application automation edge computing, low
latency operation
Note: The PNI-NPN options are described in ‘Types of Private Networks’ section on page 20.
AGV
Management/
MMEE HSS MEC
Application
S-GW P-GW
Customer premises
Source:
source: Verizon
2 verizon.com/business/resources/solutionsbriefs/5g-edge-automated-guided-vehicles-agv-management.pdf
Source: Airbus
Requirements for AMRs and AGVs industrial hangars are large, mobility
AMRs (autonomous mobile robots) and management (handovers) between
AGVs are now often part of automated cells are improved with 5G (compared
production lines in which several AGVs, with Wi-Fi), allowing larger areas to be
robots, machines and operators are covered by the AGVs and resulting in
synchronised. In its basic configuration, fewer errors.
5G can carry a variety of OT protocols,
such as Siemens S7, that are often used For some critical operations, multiple AGVs
between several electromechanical will synchronise to work in tandem, which
processes programmed in PLCs requires very precise synchronisation over
(programmable logic controllers). a time-sensitive wireless link. Advances
This PLC-to-PLC communication over in TSN (time-sensitive networking) with
5G allows for highly synchronised shop 5G will greatly help to achieve critical and
floor operations. Additionally, where deterministic industrial communications.
Source: Airbus
Capgemini’s
system
integration
Schneider
Electric’s
Airspan
expertise in
Legacy automated small cells
industrial 3.8GHz RF band
hoisting system Digital automation 5G private NW
through wired transformation based automated
and other wireless
hoisting system
NW connections
Qualcomm
Enterprise-
FSM 100
grade Athonet
5G RAN
core NW
platform
Source: Capgemini
Source: Verizon
3 ericsson.com/en/videos/2020/industry-connect-5g-ready-production-at-atlas-copco-airpower
Figure 19 | 5G Campus Network in Germany (Deutsche Telecom and Bosch along with others)4
4 rcrwireless.com/20220210/5g/deutsche-telekom-bosch-take-part-campus-network-project-germany
Source: Verizon
a b
Source: Verizon
5 rcrwireless.com/20230109/5g/verizon-turns-on-private-5g-for-deloitte-backed-industry-4-0-showcase-at-wichita-state
Source: Verizon
PMR
Flyable Routers.
Connectivity Needs
Logistics AGV and AMR Quality Connected Professional Augmented
Inspection Simulators Mobile Radio Worker
IoT Roaming Edge Compute, Ultra Downlink Speed Uplink Speed High Reliability Uplink Speed
Low Latency, Indoor
Localisation
Source: Airbus
6 testia.com/we-inspect/manufacturing-inspection
Manufacturing Execution
Logistics System (MES)
5G can provide more flexibility
to logistics field operators by 5G can enable the integration of
connecting the shop floor with time-sensitive application and extend
the inventory management systems. the usage to outdoor or inside
A/C operations.
Smartools
5G Flight Test 5G enabled tools can be
5G can provide the bandwidth remotely controlled or automated
necessary (mmWave) to quickly for safety scenarios during unsafe
offload full test data. working conditions.
Source: Airbus
Trajectory Trajectory
Fleet control
planning planning
Servo Servo
Exposure Exposure Exposure
control control
UP UP UP
RAN CP RAN CP CP
(URLLC) (URLLC) (URLLC)
Source: 5G-ACIA
5G NSA
with SNPN 5G SA
with SNPN +
PNI-NPN with
shared RAN
5G Partial
Network
4G LTE build + 4G
PVN LTE PVN
5G SA with
with PLMN
SNPN with
access
shared RAN
5G SA with
SNPN inter-
connection +
5G SA with PNI-NPN with
SNPN dataplane
on premise
Source: Verizon
Vendor interoperability
Vendor 3GPP compliance certification [18]
for 5G is required and RAN and core API
options should be considered for integrating
the provider network with user applications.
If edge computing is used, the API options
to communicate with the edge applications
must be considered.
Figure 27 | TSN enabled devices connecting to the TSN system over 5G acting a bridge
N2 N4 TSN System
N1
NW-TT
TSN N3 U-Plane
DS-TT UE (R)AN UPF
System
Conclusions 59
References
Ref Document reference Title
[1] GSMA Industrial IoT Private Networks - 2020 5G Private and dedicated Industry 4.0
Network
[2] NG123-v2.0 5G Industrial Campus deployment
guideline
[3] gsma.com/iot/resources/5g-wifi-industry40/ 5G for Industry 4.0 Operational Networks
[9] 3GPP note on 5G-for Industry 4.0 5G for Industry 4.0, May 13, 2020
[19] E2E Network Slicing Architecture NG.127-v1.0-1 GSMA E2E Network Slicing Architecture
References 60
Further reading
Document reference Title
3GPP note on 5G-for Industry 4.0 5G for Industry 4.0, May 13, 2020
gsma.com/futurenetworks/ip_services/understanding-5g/ 5G mmWave
5g-mmwave/
References 61
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