CHAPTER - PAIR OF LINEAR EQUATIONS

MUTIPILE CHOICE QUESTIONS

1. The pair of linear equations y = 0 and y = -5 has
a) one solution b) Two solution c) infinitely many solutions d) no solution
2. The value of k for which the system of equations 𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 3, 5𝑥 + 𝑘𝑦 + 7 = 0 has no solution
a) 10 b) 6 c) 3 d) 1
3. Shown below is a graph with four straight lines. It is given that lines k1, k2 and k3 intersect exactly
at one point and line k3 ‖ k4

Which of the following is

the equation of line k3
a) 𝑥 + 𝑦 − 1 = 0 b)
𝑥 + 4𝑦 + 5 = 0 c)
𝑥 − 4𝑦 − 11 = 0 d)
2𝑥 + 8𝑦 + 35 = 0
4. The line represented by
3𝑥 − 2𝑦 = 6 intersects the y- axis at
a) (0,3) b) (0, -3)
c) (0, 2) d) (0, -2)
2 2
5. If 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏𝑦 = 𝑎 − 𝑏 and 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑎𝑦 = 0 then 𝑥 + 𝑦 is equal to
a) 𝑎 − 𝑏 b) 𝑎 + 𝑏 c) 𝑏 − 𝑎 d) 𝑎𝑏
6. Mehul is walking along the path joining (-1, 1) and (1, 2) while Neha is walking along the path joining (0,3)
and (2, -2). Which is correct for given condition?
a) They will not meet at any point b) They will move on same path
c) They will meet at one point d) None of these
7. If a pair of linear equations is consistent, then the lines will be
(a) parallel (b) always coincident (c) intersecting or coincident
(d) always intersecting

ASSERTION – REASON QUESTIONS

Each of the following questions contains (Assertion) and (Reason) and has the following four choices (a), (b),
(c) and (d) only one of which is the correct answer. Mark the correct choice
(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true but Reason (R) is not the correct
explanation of Assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but Reason (R) is true

8. Assertion: If one equation of a pair of dependent linear equations is -3x+5y-2=0. The second equation
will be -6x+10y-4=0
𝑎1 𝑏1 𝑐1
Reason: The condition for dependent linear equations is 𝑎2
= 𝑏2
= 𝑐2

9. Assertion: The system of equations 2𝑥 + 𝑦 + 9 = 0 and 𝑥 + 3𝑦 + 7 = 0 is consistent having unique

solution.
Reason: The system of equations 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏𝑦 + 𝑐 = 0 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑝𝑥 + 𝑞𝑦 + 𝑟 = 0 is always consistent, if
𝑎𝑞≠𝑏𝑝
10. Assertion: The value of q=±2, if x=3, y=1 is the solution of the line 2x+y-q2-3=0.
Reason: The solution of the line will satisfy the equation of the line.

VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS

11. Find the solution of equations 2𝑥 + 𝑦 − 6 = 0 and 4𝑥 − 2𝑦 − 4 = 0.
𝑏
12. 𝑦 = 𝑎 + 𝑥
, where a, b are real numbers, if y = 1 when x =-1 and y= 5 when x = -5, then find the
value of a+b.
13. Find whether the following system of linear equations has unique solution, infinite many solutions or
no solution.
i) 2𝑥 − 3𝑦 = 5, 6𝑥 − 9𝑦 = 15
ii) 3𝑥 + 5𝑦 = 12, 5𝑥 + 3𝑦 = 4
iii) 𝑥 + 2𝑦 + 5 = 0, − 3𝑥 − 6𝑦 + 1 = 0
14. For what values of k do the equations 𝑘𝑥 − 2𝑦 = 3 and 3𝑥 + 𝑦 = 5 represent two lines intersecting
at a unique point.
2 2
15. If 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏𝑦 = 𝑎 − 𝑏 and 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑎𝑦 = 0, then find the value of 𝑥 + 𝑦.
16. If x =a and y = b is the solution of the equations 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 5 and 2𝑥 − 3𝑦 = 4, then find the values
of a and b respectively.
17. The difference between a two-digit number and the number obtained by interchanging the digits is 27
then find the difference between the digits.
18. Find the value of a so that the point (3, a) lies on the line represented by 2𝑥 − 3𝑦 = 5.
19. Write an equation of a line which is parallel to 3𝑥 − 5𝑦 = 8 .
SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS
20. Solve: 7(𝑦 + 3) − 2(𝑥 + 2) = 14 , 4(𝑦 − 2) + 3(𝑥 − 3) = 2
21. Solve 0. 8𝑥 + 0. 3𝑦 = 3. 8 , 0. 4𝑥 − 0. 5𝑦 = 0. 6
22. Find the values of k for which the following system of linear equations has infinite number of
solutions: 𝑥 + (𝑘 + 1)𝑦 = 5 , (𝑘 + 1)𝑥 + 9𝑦 = (8𝑘 − 1)
23. The monthly incomes of A and B are in the ratio 8:7 and their expenditures are in the ratio 19:16. If
each save Rs 5000/ month, find the monthly income of each.
𝑥−𝑦
24. If 3 = 9 and x-2y = 6 represents a system of the equations, then the value of x+y is:

25. Solve: 23𝑥 − 29𝑦 = 98, 29𝑥 − 23𝑦 = 110

26. Solve the following: (HOTS)
𝑎𝑥 𝑏𝑦
i) 𝑏
− 𝑎
= a+b, 𝑎𝑥 − 𝑏𝑦 = 2𝑎𝑏
 𝑏𝑥 𝑎𝑦 2 2
ii) 𝑎
+ 𝑏
= 𝑎 + 𝑏 ,𝑥 + 𝑦 = 2𝑎𝑏
iii) 2(𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏𝑦) + (𝑎 + 4𝑏) = 0, 2(𝑏𝑥 + 𝑎𝑦) + (𝑏 − 4𝑎) = 0
2 2
iv) 𝑚𝑥 − 𝑛𝑦 = 𝑚 + 𝑛 , 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 2𝑚

27. Solve the following system of equations graphically: 𝑥 − 𝑦 + 1 = 0 , 3𝑥 + 2𝑦 − 12 = 0

Also calculate the area bounded by these lines and x axis.
28. Two places A and B are 80 km from each other on highway. A car starts from A and another from B at
the same time. If they move in the same direction, they meet in 8 hours and if they move in opposite
directions they meet in 1 hour and 20 minutes. Find the speed of the cars.
29. If 3x+4y: x+2y = 9:4, then find 3x + 5y: 3x -y. (HOTS)
LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS
30. In an examination, the ratio of passes to failures is 4:1. Had 30 less appeared and 20 less pass. The
ratio of passes to failures would have been 5:1. How many students appeared in examination?
(HOTS)
31. The telephone bill in a city comprises of a fixed monthly rent together with the charges for no. of calls
made of which 50 calls are free. A family made 250 calls in the month of July and had to pay Rs 360
as the bill, while in the month of August 150 calls were made and the bill was for Rs. 280. Find the
monthly rent and charge per call.
32. In a right triangle ∠A= x, ∠B = 3x, ∠C = y. If 3𝑥 − 𝑦 = 30. Show that the triangle is right angled.
33. Students of a class are made to stand in rows. If 4 students are extra in a row, there would be 2 rows
less. If 4 students are less in a row, there would be four more rows. Find the number of students in the
class.
34. A train covered a certain distance at a uniform speed. If the train had been 6km/h faster, it would have
taken 4 hours less than the scheduled time. And, if the train were slower by 6 km/ h, it would have
taken 6 hours more than the scheduled time. Find the length of the journey.
35. The area of a rectangle gets reduced by 9 square units if its length is reduced by 5 units and breadth is
increased by 3 units. If we increase the length by 3 units and the breadth by 2 units, the area increases
by 67 square units. Find the original area of the rectangle.
3 2
36. If x+1 is a factor of 2𝑥 + 𝑎𝑥 + 2𝑏𝑥 + 1 then find the values of a and b given that
2a – 3b = 4.

CASE STUDY BASED QUESTIONS

37. It is common that Governments revise travel fares from time to time based on various factors such
as inflation (a general increase in prices and fall in the purchasing value of money) on different types
of vehicles like auto, Rickshaws, taxis, Radio cab etc. The auto charges in a city comprise of a fixed
charge together with the charge for the distance covered. Study the following situations
 Name of the city Distance travelled Amount paid (Rs.)
(Km)
City A 10 75
15 110
City B 8 91
14 145
Situation 1: In city A, for a journey of 10 km, the charge paid is Rs 75 and for a journey of
15 km, the charge paid is Rs 110.
Situation 2: In a city B, for a journey of 8km, the charge paid is Rs91 and for a journey of
14km, the charge paid is Rs 145.
Refer situation 1
i) If the fixed charges of auto rickshaw be Rs x and the running charges be Rs y km/hr, Frame the pair of
linear equations representing the situation.
ii) Find the amount a person has to pay if he travels a distance of 50km.
Refer situation 2
iii) If the fixed charges of auto rickshaw be Rs x and the running charges be Rs y km/hr, the pair of linear
equations representing the situation is
iv) What will a person have to pay for travelling a distance of 30km?

37. In the 1961-1962 NBA basketball season, Wilt Chamberlain of the Philadelphia warriors made 30
baskets were free throws (worth 1 point each) and some were field goals (worth 2 points each).
The number of field goals was 10 more than the number of free throws.

(i) How many fields goals were made?

(ii) How many free throws did he make?
(iii) What was the total point scored?
(iv) If Wilt Chamberlain played 5 games during the season, what was the average number of points per
game?

CHAPTER - TRIANGLES
MUTIPILE CHOICE QUESTIONS
1) If the corresponding Medians of two similar triangles are in the ratio 5 : 7,t hen the ratio of their sides is:
a) 5:7 b) 7:5 c) 25:49 d) 49:25

2) In fig. ΔAHK ~ ΔABC. If AK = 10cm, BC = 3.5cm and HK = 7cm, length of AC is:

a) 10cm b) 15cm c) 20cm d) 9cm

3) If ΔABC and ΔDEF are similar triangles such that ∠A = 45° and ∠F = 56°, then ∠C is:
a) 79° b) 56° c) 45° d) 101°

4) If triangle ABC is similar to triangle DEF such that 2AB= DE and BC = 8 cm then EF is:
a) 8cm b) 16cm c) 4cm d) 2cm

5) In ΔKMN, PQ is parallel to MN. If PM /KP 13/ 4 = and KN = 20 4. cm then KQ is:

a) 2.4cm b) 1.2cm c) 4.8cm d) 3.6cm

6) In the fig., LM = LN = 46°, then x in terms of a, b and c is:

a) ac/(b+c) b) bc/(a+c) c) (b+c)/ac d) (a+c)/bc

𝑋𝐵 3
7) In ΔABC, if X and Y are points on AB and AC respectively such that , 𝐴𝑋
= 4
, AY = 12 and YC = 9,
then which of the following is the relationship between XY and BC?
a) coincident b) intersecting c) perpendicular d) parallel

8) In ΔABC, the points D and E are on the sides CA and CB , respectively such that DE || AB, AD=2x, DC
= x + 3, BE = 2x – 1 and CE = x, then. value of x is:
a) 5/3 b) 3/5 c) 4/5 d) 5/4

9) In the given figure, ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶~∆ 𝑃𝑄𝑅, the value of y + z is:

 a) 4 + 3 b) 4 + 3 3 c) 4 − 3 d) 4 − 3 3

10) In the given figure, CB || QR and CA || PR. If AQ = 12 cm, AR = 20 cm, PB = CQ = 15 cm, length of
PC is:

a) 15cm b) 20cm c) 25cm d) 35cm

ASSERTION – REASON QUESTIONS
Each of the following questions contains (Assertion) and (Reason) and has the following four choices (a), (b),
(c) and (d) only one of which is the correct answer. Mark the correct choice
(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true but Reason (R) is not the correct
explanation of Assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but Reason (R) is true

11) Assertion(A): All regular polygons and the same number of sides such as equilateral triangle, squares etc
are similar.

Reason(R): Two polygons are said to be similar, if their corresponding angles are equal and lengths of
corresponding sides are proportional.

12) Assertion(A):In ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶, right angled at B, if 𝐵𝐷 ⊥ 𝐴𝐶, AD = 4cm and CD = 5cm, then, BD = 2 5𝑐𝑚.

Reason(R): If a line divides any two sides of a triangle in same ratio, then, it is parallel to the third side of
triangle.

13) Assertion(A): ABCD is a trapezium with AB parallel to CD. E and F are points on AD and BC
𝐴𝐸 𝐵𝐹
respectively, such that 𝐸𝐹 || 𝐴𝐵, then, 𝐸𝐷 = 𝐹𝐶 .

Reason(R):Any line parallel to parallel sides of a trapezium intersecting non parallel sides in distinct
points divides the non parallel sides in the same ratio.
SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

𝐵𝐸 𝐴𝐶
14) In the given figure, 𝐷𝐵⊥𝐵𝐶, 𝐷𝐸 ⊥𝐴𝐵 and 𝐴𝐶⊥ 𝐵𝐶. Prove that 𝐷𝐸
= 𝐵𝐶
15) ΔABC is an isosceles triangle in which AB = AC = 10cm. PQRS is a rectangle inside the isosceles
3𝑦
triangle such that PQ = SR = y cm and PS = QR = 2x cm. Prove that 𝑥 = 6 − 4 .(HOTS)

16) Two right triangles ABC and DBC are drawn on the same hypotenuse BC and on the same side of BC. If
AC and BD intersect at P, prove that AP × PC = BP × DP.

17) In the figure, PQRS is a trapezium in which PQ || RS. On PQ and RS, there are points E and F
respectively such that EF intersects SQ at G. Prove that EQ × GS = GQ × FS

18) In the given figure, two triangles ABC and DBC lie on the same side of BC such that PQ || BA and PR ||
BD. Prove that QR || AD.

19) In the given figure, find the value of x in terms of a b, and c.

20) In a ΔABC, let P and Q be points on AB and AC respectively such that PQ || BC . Prove that the median
AD bisects PQ.

21) ABC is a right triangle right angled at C. Let BC = a, CA = b and AB = c. If p be the length of
perpendicular from C to AB, then, Prove that cp = ab. (HOTS)

22) In Fig, P is the mid-point of BC and Q is the mid-point of AP. If BQ when produced meets AC at R, prove
 1
that 𝑅𝐴 = 3
𝐶𝐴.(HOTS)

23) In the given figure, PA, QB and RC each is perpendicular to AC such that PA = x, RC = y, QB = z, AB = a
1 1 1
and BC = b. Prove that 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 𝑧 (HOTS)

LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS:

24) In the given figure, DEFG is a square and ∠BAC = 90°. Show that FG2 = BG x FC

𝐴𝐹 𝐴𝐷
25) In the figure, ∠BED = ∠BDE and E is the mid-point of BC. Prove that 𝐶𝐹
= 𝐵𝐸
.

26) Two poles of height a metres and b metres are p metres apart. Prove that the height of the point of
𝑎𝑏
intersection of the lines joining the top of each pole to the foot of the opposite pole is 𝑎+𝑏 𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑠.
(HOTS)

27) In Figure, if ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶~∆𝐷𝐸𝐹, and their sides of lengths (in cm) are marked along them, then find the length
of each side of the triangles.
28) Through the mid-point M of the side CD of a parallelogram ABCD, the line BM is drawn intersecting AC
at L and AD produced to E. Prove that EL = 2BL.
29) In given figure, △FEC≅△GBD and ∠1=∠2. then prove that △ADE∼△ABC

CASE STUDY BASED QUESTIONS

30) The Sierpiński triangle, also called the Sierpiński gasket or Sierpiński sieve, is a fractal attractive fixed set
with the overall shape of an equilateral triangle, subdivided recursively into smaller equilateral triangles.
The same sequence of shapes, converging to the Sierpinski triangle, can alternatively be generated by the
following steps:
(i) Start with any triangle in a plane. The Sierpinski triangle uses an equilateral triangle with a base
parallel
to the

horizontal axis (first image).

(ii) Shrink the triangle to 1/2 height and 1/2 width, make three copies, and position the three shrunken
triangles so that each triangle touches the two other triangles at a corner (image 2). Note the
emergence of the central hole—because the three shrunken triangles can between them cover only
3/4 of the area of the original. (Holes are an important feature of Sierpinski's triangle.)
(iii) Repeat step 2 with each of the smaller triangles (image 3 and so on). Thus, the sides of each
central triangle reduces to half of previous triangle.
Using the above information, answer the following questions:
a) What is the scale factor of Δ No. 5 wrt ΔABC?
b) What is the ratio of corresponding sides of Δ No. 2 to that of Δ No. 3?
c) If each side of Δ No. 1 is 5cm, what will be the perimeter of Δ No. 4?
31) Mirror image is an image of an object, plan, person, etc., as it would appear if viewed in a mirror, with
 right and left reversed. As an optical effect it results from reflection of substances such as a mirror or
water.
Some key points to be remembered are:
● Angle of incidence = Angle of reflection.
● The image is formed as far behind the mirror as the object is in front of it.
● A minimum of two incident rays are required for the formation of image of an object

Ramesh places a mirror on level ground to determine the height of a pole (with traffic light fired on it). He
stands at a certain distance so that he can see the top of the pole reflected from the mirror. Ramesh’s eye
level is 1.5 m above the ground. The distance of Ramesh and the pole from the mirror are 1.8 m and 6 m
respectively

Using the above information, answer the following questions:

a) If angle of incidence is θ, find the value of tanθ.
b) What is the height of the pole?
c) If Ramesh moves away from the pole such that distance between pole and Ramesh is 13 meters. He
places mirror between him and pole to see the reflection of light in right position. What is the
distance between mirror and Ramesh ?
CHAPTER – INTRODUCTION TO TRIGONOMETRY
MULTIPLE CHOICE TYPE QUESTIONS:

1
1. If sin2 A = 2
tan2 45°, where A is an acute angle, then the value of A is:
a) 45° b) 30° c) 75° d) 60°

2. Given 15 cot A = 8, value of sec A is:

15 17 15 17
a) 8
b) 8
c) 17
d) 15
4 4
3. If sin θ - cos θ = 0, then Value of 𝑠𝑖𝑛 θ + 𝑐𝑜𝑠 θ is:
 1 1 3
a) 4
b) 2
c) 4
d) 1
13 2𝑠𝑖𝑛θ−3𝑐𝑜𝑠θ
4. If cosec θ = 12
, value of 4𝑠𝑖𝑛θ−9𝑐𝑜𝑠θ
is:
a) 4 b) 3 c) 1 d) 0
𝑜 𝑜 𝑜 𝑜
5. If 𝑚. 𝑡𝑎𝑛30 𝑐𝑜𝑡60 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛45 . 𝑐𝑜𝑠45 , then, the value of m is:
a) 0.5 b) 1.5 c) ⅓ d) 0.75
6. The value of: (1+tanθ + secθ)(1 + cotθ - cosecθ) is:
a) 0 b) 1 c) 2 d) -1
2
= 𝑐𝑜𝑡θ, then, the value of 4⎡⎢𝑥 − ⎤ is:
4 1
7. If 4x = cosecθ and 𝑥 2 ⎥
⎣ 𝑥 ⎦
a) 0.25 b) 4 c) 2 d) 0.5

ASSERTION – REASON QUESTIONS

Each of the following questions contains (Assertion) and (Reason) and has the following four choices (a), (b),
(c) and (d) only one of which is the correct answer. Mark the correct choice
(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true but Reason (R) is not the correct
explanation of Assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but Reason (R) is true

1
8. Assertion(A): 2𝑐𝑜𝑠θ = 𝑎 + 𝑎
, where, a>0, 𝑎𝑐 ≠ 1.

Reason(R): for all values of θ, − 1 ≤ 𝑐𝑜𝑠θ ≤ 1.

(𝑠𝑖𝑛θ−𝑐𝑜𝑠θ)(𝑠𝑖𝑛θ+𝑐𝑜𝑠θ)
9. Assertion(A): (𝑐𝑜𝑠θ−𝑠𝑖𝑛θ)(𝑐𝑜𝑠θ+𝑠𝑖𝑛θ)
=− 1

2 2
Reason(R): 𝑠𝑖𝑛 θ + 𝑐𝑜𝑠 θ =− 1
2
10. Assertion(A): (𝑐𝑜𝑡θ + 3)(3𝑐𝑜𝑡θ + 1) = 3𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 θ + 10𝑐𝑜𝑡θ
2 2
Reason(R): 1 + 𝑐𝑜𝑡 θ = 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 θ

SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS - I

11. If tan θ + cot θ = 5, find the value of tan2θ + cot2θ.
1
12. If tan α = 3 and tan β = ,0 < α, β < 90°, find the value of cot (α + β).
3
13. If sec θ + tan θ = 7, then evaluate sec θ – tan θ.
14. What happens to value of cos when θ increases from 0° to 90°?
𝑎 𝑥
15. If tan θ = 𝑥
, find the value of 2 2
.
𝑎 + 𝑥
1
16. If cos (A + B) = 0 and sin (A – B) = 2, then find the value of A and B where A and B are acute angles.
SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS - II
17. If x = p sec θ + q tan θ and y = p tan θ + q sec θ, then prove that x2 – y2 = p2 – q2.
18. Prove the following identity:
3 3
𝑠𝑖𝑛 θ+ 𝑐𝑜𝑠 θ
𝑠𝑖𝑛θ+𝑐𝑜𝑠θ
= 1 – sin 𝑠𝑖𝑛 θ. cos 𝑐𝑜𝑠 θ
19. If x = a cos θ – b sin θ and y = a sin θ + b cos θ, then prove that a2 + b2 = x2 + y2.

20. Prove that:

21. Prove that :

𝑡𝑎𝑛θ+𝑠𝑒𝑐θ−1 1+𝑠𝑖𝑛θ
22. Prove that: 𝑡𝑎𝑛θ−𝑠𝑒𝑐θ+1
= 𝑐𝑜𝑠θ
(HOTS)
2
𝑝 −1
23. If sec θ + tan θ = p, prove that sin θ = 2 . (HOTS)
𝑝 +1
Long Answer Type Questions:
2 2
𝑥 𝑦 𝑥 𝑦 𝑥 𝑦
24. If 𝑎
cosθ + 𝑏
sinθ = 1 and 𝑎
sinθ – 𝑏
cosθ = 1, prove that event 2 + 2 = 2. (HOTS)
𝑎 𝑏

25. If tan θ + sin θ = p; tan θ – sin θ = q; prove that p2 – q2 = 4 𝑝𝑞. (HOTS)

26. If sin θ + cos θ = m and sec θ + cosec θ = n, then prove that n(m2 – 1) = 2m. (HOTS)
27. Prove that:
𝑠𝑒𝑐𝐴−1 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝐴+1
+ = 2𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐𝐴
𝑠𝑒𝑐𝐴+1 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝐴−1

28. Prove that:

1+𝑠𝑖𝑛𝐴 1−𝑠𝑖𝑛𝐴
+ = 2𝑠𝑒𝑐𝐴
1−𝑠𝑖𝑛𝐴 1+𝑠𝑖𝑛𝐴

29. If then prove that . (HOTS)

30. If , than show that

31. If and , then show that

(HOTS)

32. If x sin3 + y cos3 θ = sin θ cos θ and x sin θ = y cos θ, prove that x2 + y2 = 1. (HOTS)

33. If cosec θ – sin θ = l and sec θ – cos θ = m, prove that l2 m2 (l2 + m2 + 3) = 1 (HOTS)

CASE STUDY BASED QUESTIONS

34. A truss is a structure that consists of members organised into connected triangles so that the overall
assembly behaves as a single object. Trusses are most commonly used in bridges, roofs and towers.
Consider the line diagram of truss shown below and find the following length :

Using the above information, answer the following questions:

a) What is the length a?
b) Calculate length of b and c.
c) Calculate length d.

35. An electrician has to repair an electric fault on a pole of height 5m. She needs to reach a point 1.3m
below the top of the pole to undertake the repair work. She puts a ladder making an angle of 60° with the
ground to reach the point of fault.

Using the above information, answer the following questions:

a) What is the length of the ladder?
b) Calculate the distance of the pole from the foot of the ladder. If the ladder is placed at an angle of 30°
with the ground, then what should be the length of the ladder?
 c) What is the length of the pole from ground, where repair work is to be done ?

CHAPTER – COORDINATE GEOMETRY

VERY SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS:

1. In which quadrant the point P that divides the line segment joining the points A(2, -5) and B(5,2) in
the ratio 2 : 3 lies?
a) 1st b) 2nd c) 3rd d) 4th

2. ABCD is a rectangle whose three vertices are B(4, 0), C(4, 3) and D(0, 3). Calculate the length of one
of its diagonals.
a) 3 unit b) 4 unit c) 5 unit d) 6 unit

3. Find a relation between x and y such that the point P(x, y) is equidistant from the points A (2, 5) and
B (-3, 7).
a) 10x - 4y +29= 0 b) 10x - 4y -29= 0 c) 10x + 4y +29= 0 d) 10x + 4y - 29= 0

3 1 1 3
4. Find the ratio in which the point P( 4 , 12 ) divides the line segment joining the points A( 2 , 2
) and
B(2, -5).
a) 1:5 b) 5:1 c) 4:1 d) 1:4

5. Three vertices of a parallelogram taken in order are (-1, 0), (3, 1) and (2, 2) respectively. Find the
coordinates of fourth vertex.
a) (1,-2) b) (-2,1) c) (2, 1) d) (1,2)

6. A line intersects the y-axis and x-axis at the points P and Q respectively. If (2, -5) is the mid-point of
PQ, then find the coordinates of P and Q.
a) P(0,-10),Q(4,0) b) P(0,-10),Q(-4,0) c) P(0,10),Q(4,0) d) P(0,10),Q(-4,0)

7. The point A(3, y) is equidistant from the points P(6, 5) and Q(0, -3). Find the value of y.
a) 0 b) 1 c) 2 d) 3

8. Find the ratio in which y-axis divides the line segment joining the points A(5, -6), and
B(-1, -4).
a) 5:1 b) 1:5 c) 1:4 d) 4:1
9. Find the coordinates of the centroid of a triangle whose vertices are A ,B( and

C( .
a) (4 5, 2/3) b) (4 5,- 2/3) c) (-4 5, 2/3) d) (-4 5,- 2/3)
10. Directions: In the following questions, a statement of assertion (A) is followed by a statement of
reason (R). Mark the correct choice as:
(a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion (A).
(b) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is not the correct explanation of assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.
1. Assertion (A): The point (–1, 6) divides the line segment joining the points (–3, 10) and (6, –8) in the
ratio 2 : 7 internally.
Reason (R): Given three points, i.e. A, B, C form an equilateral triangle, then AB = BC = AC.
2. Assertion (A): The point (0, 4) lies on y-axis.

Reason (R): The x-coordinate on the point on y-axis is zero.

SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS:

10. If two vertices of an equilateral triangle are (3, 0) and (6, 0), find the third vertex.

11.If A(4, 3), B(-1, y) and C(3, 4) are the vertices of a right triangle ABC, right-angled at A, then find
the value of y.

12. Find the coordinates of the points which trisect the line segment joining the points (5, -7) and (8, -1).
13. Prove that the points A (0,0), B (0,2) and C (2,0) are the vertices of an isosceles right triangle.
14. If A(4, 3), B(-1, y) and C(3, 4) are the vertices of a right triangle ABC, right-angled at A, then find
the value of y.
15. If two vertices of an equilateral triangle are (3, 0) and (6, 0), find the third vertex.

16. Find the ratio in which the point P divides the line segment joining the points A and
B (2, -5).
17. If A (-2, 1), B(a, 0), C(4, b) and D(1,2) are the vertices of a parallelogram ABCD, find the values of a
and b. Hence, find the lengths of its sides.

18. If D, E and F are the midpoints of sides BC, AC and AB of ABC respectively, where the
coordinates of A, B and C respectively (6,-2), (0,-6) and (4,8) then using coordinate geometry find
the centroid of triangle DEF.

19. Show that the points (1,7) , (4,2), (-1, -1) and (-4, 4) taken in order are the vertices of a square. Also,
find its area.

20. ABCD is a rectangle whose three vertices are B(4, 0), C(4, 3) and D(0, 3). Calculate the length of one
of its diagonals.

21. Find a relation between x and y such that the point P(x, y) is equidistant from the points A (2, 5) and
B (-3, 7).

22. Find the ratio in which y-axis divides the line segment joining the points A(5, -6), and B(-1, -4). Also
find the coordinates of the point of division.

23. A line intersects the y-axis and x-axis at the points P and Q respectively. If (2, -5) is the mid point of
PQ, then find the coordinates of P and Q.
24. Points A(-1, y) and B(5, 7) lie on a circle with centre 0(2, -3y). Find the values of y. Hence find the
radius of the circle.
 LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS:

25. Determine the ratio in which the line 3x + y – 9 = 0 divides the segment joining the points (1, 3) and
(2, 7).(HOTS)

26. If the point P(x, y) is equidistant from the points A(a + b, b – a) and B(a – b, a + b), prove that bx =
ay.
27. Find the ratio in which point P(-1, y) lying on the line segment joining points A(-3, 10) and B(6, -8)
divides it. Also find the value of y.

28. The line joining the points (2,-1) and (5,-6) is bisected at P. If P lies on the line
2x + 4y+ k = 0, find the value of k.
29. Find the centre of the circle passing through the points (6, -6), (3, -7) and (3, -3). (HOTS)

30. Using section formula, show that the points (-1,2), (5,0) and (2,1) are collinear. (HOTS)

31. Find the vertices of the triangle whose mid-point of sides are (3,1),(5,6) and (−3,2)(HOTS)

CASE STUDY BASED QUESTIONS:

32. A hockey field is the playing surface for the game of hockey. Historically, the game was played on
natural turf (grass) but nowadays it is predominantly played on an artificial turf. It is rectangular in
shape - 100 yards by 60 yards. Goals consist of two upright posts placed equidistant from the centre
of the backline, joined at the top by a horizontal crossbar. The inner edges of the posts must be 3.66
metres (4 yards) apart, and the lower edge of the crossbar must be 2.14 metres (7 feet) above the
ground. Each team plays with 11 players on the field during the game including the goalie. Positions
you might play include-
∙ Forward: As shown by players A, B, C and D.
∙ Midfielders: As shown by players E, F and G.
∙ Fullbacks: As shown by players H, I and J.
∙ Goalie: As shown by player K
Using the picture of a hockey field below, answer the questions that follow (ANY 4):

i. The coordinates of the centroid of ΔEHJ are

 (a) (-2/3, 1) (b) (1,-2/3) (c) (2/3,1) (d) ( -2/3,-1)
ii. If a player P needs to be at equal distances from A and G, such that A, P and G are in straight line, then
position of P will be given by
(a) (-3/2, 2) (b) (2,-3/2) (c) (2, 3/2) (d) ( -2,-3)
iii. The point on x axis equidistant from I and E is
(a) (1/2, 0) (b) (0,-1/2) (c) (-1/2,0) (d) ( 0,1/2)
iv. What are the coordinates of the position of a player Q such that his distance from K is twice his distance
from E and K, Q and E are collinear?
(a) (1, 0) (b) (0,1) (c) (-2,1) (d) ( -1,0)
v. The point on y axis equidistant from B and C is
(a) (-1, 0) (b) (0,-1) (c) (1,0) (d) ( 0,1)

Chapter 1 Real Numbers

ONE MARK QUESTIONS

Q.1. The product of a rational and irrational number is

(a) rational
(b) irrational
(c) both of above
(d) none of above
Q.2. The largest number that will divide 398, 436 and 542 leaving remainders 7,11 and 15
respectively is
(a) 17
(b) 11
(c) 34
(d) 45
Q.3. The sum of two irrational numbers is always
(a) irrational
(b) rational
(c) rational or irrational
(d) one
Q.4. The decimal form of 129/225775 is
(a) terminating
(b) non-termining
(c) non-terminating non-repeating
(d) none of the above
Q.5. Which of the following is not irrational? (a)
(2 – √3)2
(b) (√2 + √3)2
(c) (√2 -√3)(√2 + √3)
(d)2√7/7
Q.6. The product of two different irrational numbers is always
(a) rational
(b) irrational
(c) both of above
(d) none of above
Q.7. The sum of a rational and irrational number is
(a) rational
(b) irrational
(c) both of above
(d) none of above
Q.8. The set A = {0,1, 2, 3, 4, …} represents the set of
(a) whole numbers
(b) integers
(c) natural numbers
(d) even numbers
Q.9 LCM of the given number ‘x’ and ‘y’ where y is a multiple of ‘x’ is given by
(a) x
(b) y
(c) xy
(d) 𝑥𝑦
Q.10 The product of three consecutive positive integers is divisible by
(a) 4
(b) 6
(c) no common factor
(d) only 1
Assertion and Reason:
Direction: In the following questions, a statement of Assertion (A) is followed by a statement of
Reason (R). Mark the correct choice as:
(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion
(A).
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of
Assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but Reason (R) is true.
1. Assertion: The H.C.F. of two numbers is 16 and their product is 3072. Then
their L.C.M. = 162.
Reason: If a and b are two positive integers, then H.C.F. × L.C.M. = a × b.
2. Assertion: 2 is an example of a rational number.
Reason: The square roots of all positive integers are irrational numbers.
TWO MARKS QUESTIONS
Q.1. There are 312, 260 and 156 students in class X, XI and XII respectively. Buses are to be hired to
take these students to a picnic. Find the maximum number of students who can sit in a bus if each bus
takes equal number of students
Q.2. Three farmers have 490 kg, 588 kg and 882 kg of wheat respectively. Find the maximum
capacity of a bag so that the wheat can be packed in exact number of bags. Q3. The HCF and LCM
of two numbers are 33 and 264 respectively. When the first number is completely divided by 2 the
quotient is 33. The other number is:
Q4. What will be the least possible number of the planks, if three pieces of timber 42 m, 49 m and
63 m long have to be divided into planks of the same length?
Q5. What is the greatest possible speed at which a man can walk 52 km and 91 km in an exact
number of minutes?
Q6. If A = 2n + 13, B = n + 7, where n is a natural number then find out HCF of A and B is:
Q7. 4 Bells toll together at 9.00 am. They toll after 7, 8, 11 and 12 seconds respectively. How many
times will they toll together again in the next 3 hours?
 Q8. A forester wants to plant 66 apple trees, 88 banana trees and 110 mango trees in equal rows (in
terms of number of trees). Also he wants to make distinct rows of trees (i.e., only one type of
trees in one row). The number of minimum rows required are
Q9. If the HCF of 65 and 117 is expressible in the form 65m – 117, then the value of m is
Q10. The largest number which divides 70 and 125, leaving remainders 5 and 8 respectively, is
Q11. If two positive integers a and b are written as a = x3y2 and b = xy3; x, y are prime numbers, then
HCF (a, b) is
Q12. If two positive integers p and q can be expressed as p = ab2 and q = a3b; a, b being prime
numbers, then LCM (p, q) is

Q13. The decimal expansion of the rational number will terminate after how many place
Q14. Find out H.C.F of 441, 567 and 693 .
Q15. If HCF (16, y) = 8 and LCM (16, y) = 48, then the find the value of y .
THREE MARKS QUESTIONS
Q1. Find the HCF of 52 and 117 and express it in form 52x + 117y. Q2.
If HCF (6, a) = 2 and LCM (6, a) = 60, then find a.
Q3 Find the missing numbers in prime factors tree.

Q4. Find the greatest number of 5 digits exactly divisible by 12, 15 and 36.
Q5. Find the smallest number which when increased by 20 is exactly divisible by 90 and 144.
Q6. Find the smallest number which leaves remainder 8 and 12 when divided by 28 and 32
respectively.
Q7. Floor of a room is to be fitted with square marble tiles of the largest possible size. The size of
the room is 10 m × 7 m. What should be the size of tiles required that has to be cut and how
many such tiles are required?
Q8. The Muscle Gym has bought 63 treadmills and 108 elliptical machines. The gym divides them into
several identical sets of treadmills and elliptical machines for its branches located throughout the
city, with no exercise equipment left over. What is the greatest number of branches the gym can
have in the city?
Q9. Katya has 49 paintings and 35 medals. She wants to display them in groups throughout her house, each
with the same combination of paintings and medals, with none left over. What is the greatest number of
groups Katya can display?
Q10. Anish goes fishing every 5th day and Balaji goes fishing every 7th day. If Anish and Balaji both went
fishing today, how many days until they will go fishing on the same day again?

FIVE MARKS QUESTIONS

Q1. Tamanna is arranging black marbles in groups of 13 and purple marbles in groups of
 25. If she has the same number of black and purple marbles, what is the smallest number of
marbles of each colour that she could have?
Q2. Find whether decimal expansion of 13/64 is a terminating or non-terminating decimal. If it
terminates, find the number of decimal places its decimal expansion has.
Q3. Explain whether the number 3 x 5 x 13 x 46 + 23 isa prime number or a composite number
Q4. Show that (√3+√5) is an irrational number.
Q5. Show that reciprocal of 3+2√2 is an irrational number
Q6. The LCM of two numbers is 14 times their HCF. The sum of LCM and HCF is 600. If one
number is 280, then find the other number.

CHAPTER-2 POLYNOMIALS
ONE MARKS QUESTIONS
1. Polynomial whose sum of zeroes is 3 and product of zeroes is –2 is:
(a) x2 + 3x – 2 (b) x2 – 2x + 3
(c) x2 – 3x + 2 (d) x2 – 3x – 2
2. If (x + 1) is a factor of 2x3 + ax2 + 2bx + 1, then find the values of a and b given that 2a – 3b =
4
(a) a = –1, b = –2 (b) a = 2, b = 5
(c) a = 5, b = 2 (d) a = 2, b = 0
3. The number of zeroes that polynomial f(x) = (x – 2)2 + 4 can have is:
(a) 1 (b) 2
(c) 0 (d) 3

4. If p(x) is a polynomial of at least degree one and p(k) = 0, then k is known as

(a) value of p(x) (b) zero of p(x)
(c) constant term of p(x) (c) none of these
5. If p(x) = ax + b, then find the zero of p(x).
6. Graph of a quadratic polynomial is
7. Zeroes of a polynomial can be determined graphically. No. of zeroes of a polynomial is equal to
no. of points where the graph of polynomial intersects at
8. If graph of a polynomial does not intersect the x-axis but intersects y-axis in one point, then no,
of zeroes of the polynomial is equal to

9. A polynomial of degree n has zero(s)

TWO MARKS QUESTIONS
10. If p(x) = ax2 + bx + c, then is equal to
11. If p(x) = ax2 + bx + c, then is equal to
12. If p(x) = ax2 + bx + c, and a + b + c = 0, then one zero
13. If p(x) = ax2 + bx + c and a + c = b, then one of the zeroes is
14. A quadratic polynomial whose one zero is 6 and sum of the zeroes is 0, is
15. What is the value of p(x) = x2 – 3x – 4 at x = –1?
16. What is the zero of 2x + 3?
17. The Coefficient of x and the constant term in a linear polynomial are 5 and –3
respectively. Find its zero.
18. Find the product of zeroes of the quadratic polynomial 3x2 + 5x – 2.
19. If a fifth-degree polynomial is divided by a quadratic polynomial, write the possible degree of
the quotient?
20. What should be added to x3+ 5x2+ 7x + 3 so that it is completely divisible by x2+ 2x .

21. Find the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial √3x2− 8x + 4√3

22. Find a quadratic polynomial, the sum and product of whose zeroes are 6 and 9
respectively. Hence find the zeroes.
23. If α and β are the zeroes of the polynomial f (x) = 5x2− 7x + 1 then find the value of
𝛽
(𝛼 + )
𝛽
𝛼

24. If α and β are the zeroes of a polynomial x2− 4√3x + 3, then find the value of α + β -
αβ.
THREE MARKS QUESTIONS
25. If α and β are the zeroes of the polynomial f(x) = x2− 6x + k, find the value of k , such that α2 +
β2 = 40.
26. Find a quadratic polynomial whose zeroes are reciprocals of the zeroes of the
polynomial f(x) = ax2 + bx + c, a ≠ 0, c ≠ 0.
27. Find the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial x2 + 7x + 10, and verify the relationship between
the zeroes and the coefficients.
 28. Quadratic polynomial 2x2− 3x + 1 has zeroes as α and β. Now form a quadratic
polynomial whose zeroes are 3 α and 3β.
29. If α and β are the zeroes of the polynomial f (x) = x2− 4x – 5 then find the value of α2 + β2
FIVE MARKS QUESTIONS

30. Find the quadratic polynomial, the sum and product of whose zeroes are -3 and 2
respectively. Hence find the zeroes.
31. Find the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial 6x2- 3 - 7x and verify the relationship between
the zeroes and the coefficients.
32. if α and β are the zeroes the polynomial 2x2 − 4x + 5, find the values of
(i) α2 + β2
1
(ii) +1
𝛼 𝛽
(iii) (α - β)2

CHAPTER- APPLICATION OF TRIGONOMETRY

1 marks

1) If a vertical pole 6 m high casts a shadow 2√3 m long on the level ground, then
the Sun’s elevation is
a) 900 b) 450 c) 300 d) 600
2) Length of shadow of a vertical tower on the level ground is 7√3 m at an instant when the Sun’s
elevation is 300. The height of the tower is:
7 7 3
a) 14 m b) 7 m c) m d) 2
m
3

3) The length of shadow of a 4 m high vertical pole on the level ground at an instant, when
the Sun’s elevation is 600, is
4
a) 2 m b) 4 3 m c) m d) 4m
3

4) If the length of the shadow of a tower is increasing, then the angle of elevation of
the Sun is
a) increasing b) decreasing c) same as before d) none of these

5) The ratio of the length of a rod and its shadow is 1:√3. The angle of elevation of the
Sun is
a) 300 b) 450 c) 600 d) 900

6) The string of a kite is 100 m long and its makes an angle of 60° with the horizontal.
If there is no slack in the string, the height of the kite from the ground is
a) 50 3 m b) 100 3 m c) 50 2 m d) 100 m
 7) The angle of elevation of the top of a 15 m high tower at a point 15 m away from the base of tower is:
(a) 30° (b) 60° (c) 45° (d) 75°

8) DIRECTION: In the question number 8 to10 a statement of assertion (A) is followed by a

statement of Reason (R).
Choose the correct option

Statement A (Assertion): If the length of shadow of a vertical pole is equal to its height, then the angle
of elevation of the sun is 45°
2 2 2
Statement R (Reason): According to Pythagoras theorem, ℎ = 𝑙 + 𝑏 , where h = hypotenuse, l =
length and b = base
(a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion (A)
(b) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is not the correct explanation of assertion (A)
(c) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.
9) Statement A (Assertion): The line of sight is the line drawn from the eye of an observer to the
point in the object viewed by the observer.
Statement R (Reason): trigonometric ratios are used to find height or length of an object or distance
between two distant
(a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion (A)
(b) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is not the correct explanation of assertion (A)
(c) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.
10) Statement A (Assertion): The angle of elevation of an object viewed, is the angle formed by the
line of sight with the horizontal when it is above the horizontal level.
Statement R (Reason): The angle of depression. of an object viewed, is the angle formed by the line of
sight with the horizontal when it is below the horizontal level.
(a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion (A)
(b) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is not the correct explanation of assertion (A)
(c) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.

2 marks

11) The length of the shadow of a pillar is √3 times its height. Find the angle of elevation of the
source of light.
12) A vertical pole 10m long casts a shadow 10√3m long. At the same time tower casts a shadow
90m long. Determine the height of the tower.
13) Two poles of height 6m and 11m stands vertically on the ground. If the distance between their
fe et is 12m. Find the distance between their tops.
14) The shadow of tower, when the angle of elevation of the sun is 45o is found to be 10m longer
than when it is 60o. Find the height of the tower.
 15) From the top of a tower, 100 m high, a man observes two cars on the opposite sides of the tower and
in same straight line with its base, with angles of depression 30° and 45°. Find the distance between
the cars. [Take 3 = 1. 732]

3 marks

16) The angles of depression of two ships from the top of a light house and on the same side of it are
found to be 45° and 30°. If the ships are 200 m apart, find the height of the light house. [Take
3 = 1. 732]
17) The angle of elevation of the top of a hill at the foot of a tower is 60° and the angle of depression
from the top of the tower of the foot of the hill is 30°. If the tower is 50 m high, find the height of the
hill.
18) From the top of a building 60 m high, the angles of depression of the top and bottom of a vertical
lamp post are observed to be 30 and 60 respectively. Find:
(i) the horizontal distance between the building and the lamp post
(ii) the height of the lamp post.
19) From the top of a hill, the angle of depression of two consecutive kilometer stones due east are
found to be 300 and 450. Find the height of the hill.
20) The tops of two towers of height x and y, standing on level ground, subtend angles of 30° and
60° respectively at the centre of the line joining their feet, then find x: y
4marks

21) The angle of elevation of an aeroplane from a point A on the ground is 60°. After a flight of 15
seconds, the angle of elevation changes to 30°. If the aeroplane is flying at a constant height of
1500 3𝑚, find the speed of the plane in km/hr.
22) An observer who is sitting on a tree which is 20 metres above the level of water in a lake, the angle of
elevation of an air balloon is 30°. The angle of depression of the reflection of the air balloon in the
lake, from the observer is 60°. Find the distance of the air balloon from the observer. Also, calculate
the height of the air balloon from the lake.
23) A ladder rests against a wall at an angle of 60o to the horizontal. Its foot is pulled away from the wall
through a distance ‘a’ so that it slides a distance ‘b’ down the wall making an angle of 30o with the
horizontal. Find a: b.
24) An airplane when flying at a height of 3125m from the ground passes vertically below another Plane
at an instant when the angle of elevation of the two planes from the same point on the ground are
30°and 60° respectively. Find the distance between the two planes at that instant
25) Two ships are there in the sea on either side of a light house in such a way that the ships and the
light house are in the same straight line. The angles of depression of two ships as observed from
°
the top of the light house are 600 and45 . If the height of the light house is 200 m, find the
distance between the two ships.(Take √3=1.73)
26) The lower window of a house is at a height of 2 m above the ground and its upper window is 4
m vertically above the lower window. At certain instant the angles of elevation of a balloon from
these windows are observed to be 600 and 300 respectively. Find the height of the balloon above
the ground.
27) The angle of elevation of the top Q of a vertical tower PQ from a point X on the ground is 60°.
From a point Y, 40 m vertically above X, the angle of elevation of the top Q of tower is 45°.
Find the height of the tower PQ and the distance PX.
CASE STUDY
 28) We all have seen the airplanes flying in the sky but might have not thought of how they actually reach
the correct destination. Air Traffic Control (ATC) is a service provided by ground-based air traffic
controllers who direct aircraft on the ground and through a given section of controlled airspace and
can provide advisory services to aircraft in non-controlled airspace. Actually, all this air traffic is
managed and regulated by using various concepts based on coordinate geometry and trigonometry.

(i) Draw a neat labelled figure to show the above situation diagrammatically.
(ii) What is the distance travelled by the plane in 30 seconds?
(iii) What is the speed of the plane in km/hr

29) A group of scientists and students went to study Mount Mayon, which, is an active volcano on the
island of Luzon in the Philippines. When they were on the way to the volcano, at an unknown
distance from the volcano, the angle of elevation to the peak of the volcano was approximately
measured them to be 30◦. After, going 1500m metres closer to the volcano, the angle of elevation to
the volcano’s peak increases to approximately 45◦. They set up their camp near the volcano when the
angle of elevation is 60o. Using the above information calculate:

a) The height of Mount Mayon.

b) The distance from the volcano where the camp is set.
 30) A Satellite flying at height h is watching the top of the two tallest mountains in Uttarakhand and
Karnataka, them being Nanda Devi(height 7,816m) and Mullayanagiri (height 1,930 m). The angles
of depression from the satellite, to the top of Nanda Devi and Mullayanagiri are 30° and 60°
respectively. If the distance between the two mountains is 1938km, and the satellite is vertically
above at a distance of the distance between the two mountains. Find the distance of the satellites
from the peaks of the mountains.

CHAPTER - QUADRATIC EQUATIONS

1 mark
1) A quadratic equation can have :
a) at least two roots b) at most two roots c) always two roots d) only one roots

2) If , then the values of are :

a) -2, -6 b) 6, 2 c) 6, -2 d) -6, 2
3) If the roots of are equal in magnitude but opposite in sign, then :
a) a = 0 b) b = 0 c) c = 0 d) b2 = 4ac
4) If the quadratic equation has two equal roots, then the value of k is
a) 6 b) 0 c) 0, 6 d) – 6
5) If the product of two consecutive odd positive integers is 323, then the integers are :
a) 21, 23 b) 19, 17 c) 31, 33 d) 29, 27
6) The discriminant of the quadratic equation is :

a) – 20 b) 20 c) 12 d)
7) If the roots of the quadratic equations are not real, then its discriminant D is :
 a) >0 b) < 0 c) = 0 d) 0
8) The positive real roots of the equation is :

a) 9 b) c) d) 81

9) If the equations has real roots, then value of p is :

a) b) c) d)

10) The positive root of is :

a) 3 b) 4 c) 5 d) 7
2 1
11) If 3𝑥 + 3 = 6𝑥, then the value of 𝑥 − 𝑥
=
a) 3 b) 2 c) 0 d) 12

12) If , then the values of are,

a) -2, -6 b) 6, 2 c) 6, -2 d) 2, -6

Assertion Reason Questions:

Directions:
(a) If both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation of
Assertion.
(b) If both Assertion and Reason are correct, but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion.
(c) If Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.
(d) If Assertion is incorrect but Reason is correct.
13) Assertion: 3x2 – 6x + 3 = 0 has repeated roots.
Reason: The quadratic equation ax2 + bx + c = 0 have repeated roots if discriminant D > 0.
14) Assertion: If one root of the quadratic equation 6x2 – x – k = 0 is 2/3, then the value of k is
2.
Reason: The quadratic equation ax2 + bx + c = 0, a ≠ 0 has almost two roots.
2 marks
15) If x = 2 and x = 3 are the roots of the equation 3x2 - 2kx + 2m = 0, find the value of k and m.

16) If one root of the quadratic equation 2x2 + k x - 6 = 0, find the value of k. Also find the other root.

17) Determine whether the given quadratic equation has real roots and if so, find the roots.
6x2 + x - 2 = 0

18) Find the values of k for which the given equation has real and equal roots.
x2 - 2x(1 + 3k) + 7(3 + 2k) = 0
19) Find the values o f k for which the following equation has equal roots.
(k - 12)x2 + 2(k - 12) + 2 = 0

20) Solve the following quadratic equation by factorization method

 4 5
(i) 𝑥
− 3= 2𝑥+3

(ii) 4x2 - 2(a2 + b2)x + a2b2 = 0

2 5
(iii) 2 − 𝑥
+ 2= 0
𝑥

1 2 6
(iv) 𝑥–2
+ 𝑥−1
= 𝑥

3 marks

3
21) The sum of two numbers is 15. If the sum of their reciprocals is 10
, find the numbers.
22) Find two consecutive numbers whose squares have the sum 85.
23) Two numbers differ by 3 and their product is 504. Find the numbers.
1
24) The sum of two numbers is 18. The sum of their reciprocals is 4 . Find the numbers.

4 marks

25) Find the roots of the quadratic equation

26) Solve for x: x2 + 4ax + 4a2 - b2 = 0
1 1 1 1
27) Solve for x: Solve for x: 2𝑎+𝑏+2𝑥
= 2𝑎
+ 𝑏
+ 2𝑥
1 1 1 1
28) Solve for x: Solve for x: 𝑎+𝑏+𝑥
= 𝑎
+ 𝑏
+ 𝑥
29) Rs 9000 were divided equally among a certain number of persons. Had there been 20 more persons, each
would have got Rs 160 less. Find the original number of persons.
30) To fill a swimming pool two pipes are used. If the pipe of larger diameter is used for
4 hours and the pipe of smaller diameter for 9 hours, only half of the pool can be filled.
Find, how long it would take for each pipe to fill the pool separately, if the pipe of smaller
diameter takes 10 hours more than the pipe of larger diameter to fill the pool?

31) Two pipes running together can fill a cistern in minutes. If one pipe takes 3 minutes
more than the other to fill it, find the time in which each pipe would fill the cistern?
32) A train left 30 minutes later than the schedule time and in order to reach the destination 150 km away in
time it has to increase its speed by 25 km/hr from its usual speed. Find its usual speed.
33) A motor boat whose speed in still water is 18 km/hr takes 1 hour more to go 24 km upstream that to
return downstream to the same spot. Find the speed of the stream.
34) In a flight of 600km, an aircraft was slowed down due to bad weather. Its average speed for the trip was
reduced by 200 km/hr from its usual speed and the time of the flight increased by 30 min. Find the
scheduled duration of the flight.

CASE STUDY 1:
35) Raj and Ajay are very close friends. Both the families decide to go to Ranikhet by
their own cars. Raj’s car travels at a speed of x km/h while Ajay’s car travels 5 km/h
faster than Raj’s car. Raj took 4 hours more than Ajay to complete the journey of 400
km.
1. How much time took Ajay to travel 400 km?
2. What will be the distance covered by Ajay’s car in two hours?
3. What is the speed of Raj’s car?
4. Write a quadratic equation which describes the speed of Raj’s car.
CASE STUDY 2:
36) The speed of a motor boat is 20km/hr. For covering the distance of 15 km the boat took 1hr. more
for upstream than downstream.
1. If the speed of the stream be x km/hr then what will be the speed of boat upstream?
2. Write the relationship between the speed, distance and time?
3. Write the correct quadratic equation for the speed of the current?
4. What is the speed of the current?